04/04/2022
TUBERCULOSIS:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Tuberculosis is a disease that usually affects the lungs but can also attack any other part of the body. When people with TB in their lungs or throat cough, laugh, sneeze , sing, or even talk, the germs that cause TB may be spread into air. If another person breathes in these germs there is a chance that they will become infected with tuberculosis. Repeated contact is usually required for infection. Even through TB is preventable and curable it is still leading cause of death worldwide. If left untreated, each person with active TB will infect an average of 10 to 15 people per year.
√CAUSE:
Tuberculosis is cause by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack the lungs but TB bacteria can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine,and the brain.
√Signs & Symptoms
Typical symptoms of TB include: a persistent cough that last more then three weeks and usually brings up phlegm, which may be bloody, weight loss, night sweats, high temperature, tiredness and fatigue, loss of appetite, swellings in the neck.
√Stages Of TB.
There are two stages of TB,
• Latent TB:- the germs are present in the body but immune system stops them form spreading. The person is asymptomatic and is not contagious. But the infection is still alive in the body and can one day become active.
• Active TB Disease:- This means the germs multiply and can make the person sick. Ninety percent of adult cases of active TB are from the reactivate of a latent TB infection.
√ Prevention:-
• Stay home. Don't go to work or school or sleep in a room with other people during the first few weeks of treatment for active tuberculosis.
• Ventilate the room. Tuberculosis germs spread more easily in small closed spaces where air doesn't move. If it's not too cold outside open the windows and use a fan to blow indoor air outside.
• Wear a mask. Wearing a surgical mask around others people during the first three weeks of treatment may help lessen the risk of transmission.
• Finish entire course of medication.
√ Vaccine:-
In countries with high rates of TB infection, including Pakistan, infants are often given the bacillus calmette-Guérin vaccine, or BCG. Usually this is given in the left arm, and BCG scar is monitored for sign of reaction.
Medico Funda
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