Ketomac Shampoo, 2% is a light pinkish brown liquid for topical application, containing the broad spectrum synthetic antifungal agent ketoconazole in a concentration of 2% in an aqueous suspension. Ketoconazole is an azole antifungal that works by preventing the growth of fungus. It is in the same family of drugs as fluconazole, itraconazole and miconazole. Ketoconazole works by preventing the fun
gus from making normal cell walls, thereby stopping fungal growth. Ketoconazole is (±)-cis-1-Acetyl-4-[p-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazine and has the following structural formula:
Molecular Formula: C26H28CI2N4O4
Molecular Weight: 531.43
HOW DOES KETOMAC WORK? KETOMAC shampoo contains Ketoconazole that kills fungi and yeasts by interfering with their cell membranes. It works by stopping the fungi from producing a substance called ergosterol, which is an essential component of fungal cell membranes. The disruption in production of ergosterol disrupts the fungal cell membrane, thereby weakening it. The weakened cell membrane allows the contents of the fungal cell to leak out resulting in its death. The cell membranes of fungi are vital for their survival. They keep unwanted substances from entering the cells and stop the contents of the cells from leaking out. As ketoconazole causes holes to appear in the cell membranes, essential constituents of the fungal cells can leak out. Ketoconazole works by killing fungi on skin called Malassezia. These fungi occur naturally on the skin, however, people suffering from dandruff seem to have more of Malassezia. WHAT IS IS USED FOR? KETOMAC Dandruff Treatment Shampoo is used for the prevention and treatment of dandruff. It treats flaking, scaling, itching, dandruff and also helps to relieve inflammation due to dandruff. Topical ketoconazole is used for treating ringworm, jock itch, athlete's foot, dandruff, and tineaversicolor. WHAT IS DANDRUFF:
Dandruff is a harmless, chronic condition that occurs when the scalp becomes dry or greasy and produces white flakes of dead skin that appear in the hair or on the shoulders. People most often think of dandruff as anything that produces a flaky scalp. Although it is harmless, dandruff can be embarrassing for those who have it. Dandruff usually starts between the ages of 10 and 20 and affects up to 40% of people over the age of 30. Dandruff is a form of skin eczema called seborrhea.Scalp seborrhea and dandruff do not cause permanent hair loss. Often, scalp seborrhea doesn't even itch significantly. Dandruff scale is a cluster of corneocytes, which have retained a large degree of cohesion with one another and detach as such from the surface of the stratum corneum. A corneocyte is a protein complex that is made of tiny threads of keratin in an organised matrix. The size and abundance of scales are heterogeneous from one site to another and over time. Parakeratotic cells often make up part of dandruff. Their numbers are related to the severity of the clinical manifestations, which may also be influenced by seborrhea. A number of antifungal treatments have been found to be effective including: ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione and selenium sulphide. Ketoconazole as a shampoo appears to be the most effective. TINEA (PITYRIASIS) VERSICOLOR:
Tinea (pityriasis) versicolor is a non-contagious infection of the skin caused by PityrosporumOvale. This commensal organism is part of the normal skin flora. In susceptible individuals the condition is often recurrent and may give rise to hyperpigmented or hypopigmented patches on the trunk which may extend to the neck, arms and upper thighs. Treatment of the infection may not immediately result in restoration of pigment to the affected sites. Normalization of pigment following successful therapy is variable and may take months, depending on individual skin type and incidental skin exposure. The rate of recurrence of infection is variable. An exaggerated use washing test on the sensitive antecubital skin of 10 subjects twice daily for five consecutive days showed that the irritancy potential of KETOMAC Shampoo 2% was significantly less than that of 2.5% selenium sulfide shampoo. HOW TO USE? Wet hair thoroughly. Apply a small amount of KETOMAC Shampoo to your scalp and massage into a lather. Leave it on for 5 to 10 minutes and then rinse your scalp thoroughly. Use twice a week for 4 weeks. After the scalp has cleared, use KETOMAC Shampoo once a week to prevent the reoccurrence of dandruff and to keep the scalp clear. If you stop using KETOMAC Shampoo completely, your symptoms may reappear. FREQUENCY OF USE:
Seborrhoeic dermatitis and dandruff: Use Ketoconazole shampoo 2% twice weekly for 2-4 weeks. Prophylaxis: Use Ketoconazole shampoo 2% once every 1-2 weeks. Pityriasisversicolor: Use Ketoconazole shampoo 2% once daily for a maximum of 5 days. Prophylaxis: As patches of pityriasisversicolor become more apparent on exposure to the sun.Ketoconazole shampoo 2% may be used once daily for a maximum of 3 days in a single treatment course before exposure to sunshine. ADVERSE EFFECTS:
Local burning sensation, itching, or contact dermatitis (due to irritation or allergy) may occur on exposed areas. Oily and dry hair have been reported rarely with the use of Ketoconazole shampoo. In rare instances, mainly in patients with chemically damaged hair or grey hair, a discolouration of the hair has been observed. PRECAUTIONS:
Inform your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to ketoconazole or to other azole antifungal drugs (such as fluconazole, itraconazole); or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. The product should be used with caution in people having liver problems, alcohol use, low testosterone levels, decreased adrenal gland function problems (such as low cortisol levels, Addison's disease, adrenal insufficiency), little or no stomach acid production (achlorhydria). PREGNANCY & LACTATION:
Ketoconazole is not absorbed into the bloodstream from the skin and is not harmful if used during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Ketoconazole is not detected in plasma after continuous shampooing for long period. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when KETOMAC Shampoo 2% is administered to a nursing woman. CARCINOGENESIS, MUTAGENESIS, IMPAIRMENT OF FERTILITY:
The dominant lethal mutation test in male and female mice revealed that single oral doses of KETOMAC as high as 80 mg/kg produced no mutation in any stage of germ cell development. The Ames Salmonella microsomal activator assay was also negative. A long-term study of Ketoconazole in Swiss Albino mice and in Wistar rats showed no evidence of oncogenic activity, when fed at doses up to 80mg/kg/day. PAEDIATRIC USE:
Safety and effectiveness in children have not been established. WARNINGS:
Do not let ketoconazole cream or shampoo get into your eyes or mouth, If it goes, wash with plenty of water. Do not swallow the medication. MYTHS & FACTS:
• Moisturizing: Moisturizing lotions don't do much more than smooth out scales and make plaques look redder.
• Switching brands of shampoo: Shampoo doesn't cause dandruff. However, medicated shampoos like KETOMAC can help.
• Changing hair-care routines: There is no right shampoo or conditioner. What is more important is the frequency with which these agents are used. The more frequently one shampoos, the better the result. Seborrhea and dandruff are not caused by excessive shampooing (misconception with drying out the scalp). Hair dyes and conditioners do not cause or aggravate dandruff. DO’s & DON’TS:
Brush you hair regularly. If you don’t , it tends to increase the deposit of dead skin causing dandruff. Going without covering your head in cold weather and Overheating of rooms
Eat foods rich in Vitamin B (peanuts, lentils, egg yolks, sardines, mushrooms, bananas, liver, and cauliflower). If required, take biotin supplements. Do not scratch your head, it may cause wounds that can get infected. Change your mild, nonmedicated shampoo if dandruff seems not under control, to an anti-dandruff shampoo. +-Many homemade hair treatments use beer, which may have beneficial effect on hair, but it can dry out scalp and cause dandruff. Store at room temperature (25 °C), away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom.
1) KETOMAC SHAMPOO- ADVERTISEMENTS- TV/NEWSPAPER
2) KETOMAC HAIR OIL- ADVERTISEMENTS- TV/NEWSPAPER
BRAND EXTENSION- KETOMAC HAIR OIL
Ketomac Hair Oil is a 100% natural preparation with richness of Amla, Almond oil, Brahmi, Bringraj, Bottlegourd, Neem, Karanji, Neelibhringadi oil, Rasaut, Shikakai, Sugandh, Sesame oil and Coconut oil. Ketomac Hair Oil preparation is clinically tested to prevent common hair problems. It acts as a hair tonic with scalp conditioning provides relaxing and soothing effects to the itchy scalp skin infections and softens hair. KetomacHair Oil improves and detoxifies blood circulation in the scalp. It penetrates through the cuticle and activates the dead cells, provides nourishment to hair roots. It acts to get rid of dandruff , prevents hair fall, strengthens hair roots , promotes hair growth and provides luster to all types of hair. Ketomac Hair Oil is a combinationof 13 highly purified Indian herbs extract. Their characteristics and properties are as below;
1. Neem oil: It is an antibacterial and antifungal agent. It relieves dry and itchy scalp, making hair follicle debris free.
2. Almond oil: It is a richest source of Vitamin E, which is a very strong antioxidant, makes hair long strong, thick and adds shine to the hair.
3. Til Oil: Kills lice infestation, excellent for dry scalp treatment, hair darkening qualities and prevents premature graying. It promotes hair growth.
4. Coconut Oil: It is rich in fatty acids and vitamins, because of its emollient properties, is an excellent conditioner, helps hair growth, prevents hair loss, makes hair smooth, thick and shiny.
5. Shikakai: Strengthens hair roots, promotes hair growth and very effective against dandruff. It cleans hair debris.Itssource is fruit pods of Acacia concinna tree.
6. Bhringraj: Very effective for hair loss and stimulates hair growth.
7. Brahmi: Prevents damage of cells or tissues, stops irritation of scalp due to heat (cooling agent and is a hair thickening agent.
8. Amla: Nourishes, strengthens and conditions the hair, makes them long, rich in iron and Vitamin C, prevents split ends and hair fall.
9. Karanj oil: Cousin to neem oil, used as Scalp protector.
10. Rasaunt:Encourages hair growth and is a common remedy for various scalp ailments.
11. Bottle Gourd: When used in mixture with sesame oil, acts as an effective medicine for insomnia.
12. Nilibhrungaadi Oil: Makes hairdark, lustrous, thicker and longer growing.
13. Sugandh: Used to add essence to oil. It acts as feel fabulous factor. DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
• Brush your hair to loosen the debris from the scalp.
• Shake well before use and apply sufficient quantity of KetomacHair Oil on the scalp along the roots of hair with fingertips.
• Massaging of hair and scalp withKetomacHair Oil increases the blood circulation and gives additional nutrition to the scalp.
• In severe cases-head bath should be avoided during the first week. Second week onwards, head bath can be taken once or twice a week.
• For hot oil treatment of dry hair, warm the Ketomac Hair Oil; apply it on the scalp and massage gently with your finger tips. PRECAUTION:
Avoid contact with eyes. Store at room temperature during the summer season. Put Ketomac Hair Oil bottle in a pot of hot boiling water for two minutes before using it during the winter season, as it solidifies at a temperature below 12 0C.
