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Physio360chennai

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A Hollistic Place For Musculoskeletal and Sports Rehabilitation.Our Centre is fully equipped with advanced Physiotherapy Modalities and Rehabilitation aids.Pioneer in Manual Therapy Concepts and Advanced Kinetic Control Approaches

06/02/2026

Ober’s Test is a special test used to assess tightness or contracture of the Iliotibial Band (ITB) and Tensor Fasciae Latae (TFL) muscle.

🎯 Purpose

The test is performed to evaluate:

Iliotibial band tightness

Tensor fasciae latae tightness

Lateral hip and thigh flexibility

Cause of lateral hip or knee pain

🧍 Patient Position

Patient lies in side-lying position

Unaffected side down

Bottom hip and knee flexed for stability

Test (upper) leg kept extended

🧑‍⚕️ Therapist Position

Therapist stands behind the patient

One hand stabilizes the pelvis

Other hand supports the test leg

🔄 Procedure

Stabilize the patient’s pelvis to prevent tilting.

Passively move the test leg into:

Hip abduction

Hip extension

Then slowly lower the leg into adduction toward the table.

Observe how far the leg drops and the patient’s response.

✅ Negative (Normal) Test

The leg drops below the level of the table

No pelvic movement or discomfort
➡ Indicates normal IT band flexibility

❌ Positive Ober’s Test

The leg remains abducted and does not drop

Pelvic tilting may occur

Patient may report lateral thigh or hip pain

➡ Indicates tight iliotibial band / TFL

📍 Interpretation

Leg does not drop → IT band tightness

Pain over lateral hip → TFL involvement

Pelvic hiking → Compensatory movement

🩺 Conditions Commonly Associated

✔ Iliotibial band syndrome
✔ Greater trochanteric pain syndrome
✔ Hip bursitis
✔ Knee pain (lateral knee)
✔ Runners and cyclists

05/02/2026

The Beatty Test is a clinical provocation test used to assess Piriformis Syndrome.
It reproduces symptoms by actively contracting the piriformis muscle, which may compress or irritate the sciatic nerve, causing buttock or posterior thigh pain.

🎯 Purpose of the Test

To identify piriformis muscle involvement

To evaluate deep gluteal pain

To differentiate piriformis syndrome from lumbar spine pathology

To assess extra-spinal causes of sciatica

🧍 Patient Position

Patient lies in side-lying position

Positioned on the unaffected (pain-free) side

Bottom leg: flexed at hip and knee for stability

Test (affected) leg: extended at hip and knee

🧑‍⚕️ Therapist Position

Therapist stands behind or beside the patient

Observes pelvis and trunk movement

No manual resistance is applied

Therapist monitors pain response and movement quality

🔄 Procedure

The patient lies comfortably on the unaffected side.

The bottom leg remains flexed to maintain balance.

The top (affected) leg is kept straight.

The patient is instructed to actively lift the top leg upward, bringing the knee toward the ceiling.

The movement causes active contraction of the piriformis muscle.

The therapist observes for pain reproduction in the buttock or along the posterior thigh.

✅ Positive Beatty Test

Reproduction of deep buttock pain

Pain may radiate down the posterior thigh

Difficulty or inability to lift the leg due to pain

➡ Indicates piriformis muscle pathology

📍 Interpretation

Localized buttock pain → Piriformis muscle tightness

Radiating pain → Sciatic nerve compression

Sharp or intense pain → Active piriformis spasm

🩺 Conditions Associated

✔ Piriformis Syndrome
✔ Deep Gluteal Pain Syndrome
✔ Sciatic nerve entrapment
✔ Overuse injuries (runners, cyclists)
✔ Prolonged sitting-related buttock pain

04/02/2026

The Freiberg Test is a clinical provocation test used to assess Piriformis Syndrome, where pain is reproduced due to stretching or compression of the piriformis muscle against the sciatic nerve.

🎯 Purpose

The test is performed to:

Identify piriformis muscle tightness or spasm

Detect sciatic nerve irritation caused by piriformis

Differentiate piriformis syndrome from lumbar radiculopathy

Evaluate cause of deep gluteal or buttock pain

🧍 Patient Position

Patient lies in supine position

Hip and knee of the tested limb are extended

Patient is relaxed

(Alternative position: side-lying)

🧑‍⚕️ Therapist Position

Therapist stands on the side being tested

One hand stabilizes the pelvis

Other hand holds the patient’s leg

🔄 Procedure

The therapist passively moves the hip into forced internal rotation

The movement is performed slowly and gently

Observe for:

Pain

Facial expression

Patient’s verbal feedback

👉 Internal rotation stretches the piriformis muscle.

✅ Positive Freiberg Test

Reproduction of deep buttock pain

Pain may radiate down the posterior thigh

Discomfort increases with further internal rotation

➡ Indicates piriformis muscle involvement

📍 Interpretation

Localized buttock pain → Piriformis tightness

Radiating pain → Sciatic nerve compression

Sharp pain → Active piriformis spasm

🩺 Conditions Commonly Associated

✔ Piriformis syndrome
✔ Deep gluteal pain syndrome
✔ Sciatic nerve entrapment
✔ Overuse injuries in runners & cyclists
✔ Prolonged sitting–related buttock pain

03/02/2026

Anterior Interosseous Syndrome is a rare motor neuropathy caused by compression or injury to the Anterior Interosseous Nerve (AIN), a deep branch of the median nerve in the forearm. This condition primarily affects hand and forearm muscle function without causing sensory loss.

Anterior Interosseous Syndrome may result from repetitive forearm use, prolonged computer work, trauma, nerve compression, inflammatory neuritis, or post-viral conditions. Early identification and physiotherapy-based rehabilitation play a vital role in preventing long-term functional weakness.

With timely physiotherapy intervention, including nerve mobilization, muscle strengthening, ergonomic correction, and functional retraining, most patients achieve complete recovery without surgical intervention.

02/02/2026

Pace Sign is a clinical test for Piriformis Syndrome, used to assess pain and weakness during resisted hip abduction and external rotation.

🎯 Purpose

The test is performed to evaluate:

Piriformis muscle tightness or spasm

Sciatic nerve compression by piriformis

Source of deep gluteal or buttock pain

Extra-articular cause of hip pain

🧍 Patient Position

Patient sits on the edge of the examination table

Hips flexed to 90°

Knees flexed to 90°

Feet hanging freely

(Alternative position: side-lying)

🧑‍⚕️ Therapist Position

Therapist stands in front of the patient

Hands placed on the lateral aspect of both knees

🔄 Procedure

Patient is instructed to:

Abduct and externally rotate both hips

Therapist applies manual resistance against this movement

Observe for:

Pain

Weakness

Asymmetry

✅ Positive Pace Sign

Reproduction of buttock pain

Pain may radiate down the posterior thigh

Weakness during resisted movement

➡ Indicates Piriformis muscle pathology

📍 Interpretation

Pain without weakness → Piriformis tightness

Pain + weakness → Piriformis syndrome

Radiating pain → Sciatic nerve involvement

🩺 Conditions Commonly Associated

✔ Piriformis syndrome
✔ Deep gluteal pain syndrome
✔ Sciatic nerve entrapment
✔ Postural or overuse hip disorders
✔ Athletes with repetitive hip rotation

01/02/2026

The Resisted Hip Abduction Test is a muscle strength and pain-provocation test used to assess the hip abductor muscles, primarily the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus.

🎯 Purpose

This test is performed to evaluate:

Strength of hip abductors

Presence of lateral hip pain

Tendinopathy or strain of gluteal muscles

Functional stability of the hip

🧍 Patient Position

Patient lies in side-lying position

Test leg on the top

Bottom hip and knee slightly flexed for stability

Test hip kept in neutral extension and rotation

(Alternative position: standing or supine, depending on clinical need)

🧑‍⚕️ Therapist Position

Therapist stands behind or beside the patient

One hand stabilizes the pelvis

Other hand applies resistance at the lateral aspect of the thigh or ankle

🔄 Procedure

Ask the patient to lift the top leg sideways (hip abduction)

Instruct the patient to hold the position

Apply manual resistance downward

Ask the patient to push against resistance

✅ Positive Test

Pain reproduced over the lateral hip

Inability to maintain position

Muscle weakness compared to the opposite side

➡ Indicates hip abductor weakness or pathology

📍 Interpretation

Pain with good strength → Gluteal tendinopathy

Weakness without pain → Muscle weakness or deconditioning

Pain + weakness → Muscle strain or tear

31/01/2026

The Single Leg Stance Test (SLST) is a simple functional balance assessment used to evaluate an individual’s ability to maintain balance while standing on one leg.

🎯 Purpose

This test helps assess:

Static balance

Postural stability and control

Lower limb strength and endurance

Risk of falls

Functional hip and ankle stability

🧍 Patient Position

Patient stands upright

Barefoot or wearing shoes

Hands on hips or by the side

Eyes open (eyes closed for advanced assessment)

🧑‍⚕️ Procedure

Ask the patient to stand on one leg

Lift the opposite foot off the ground (≈ 10 cm)

Maintain balance without hopping or touching down

Time is recorded using a stopwatch

Test both right and left legs

⏱ Assessment / Measurement

Time (seconds) the position is maintained

Observe for:

Swaying

Hopping

Foot touching the ground

Trunk or pelvic deviation

✅ Normal Result

Able to maintain single-leg stance for ≥ 30 seconds

Minimal body sway
➡ Indicates good balance and stability

❌ Abnormal Result

Loss of balance before 30 seconds

Excessive sway or hopping

Foot touches the ground
➡ Indicates balance impairment or instability

🩺 Conditions Commonly Associated

Hip pain or hip osteoarthritis

Weak hip abductors

Ankle instability

Vestibular dysfunction

Neurological disorders

Frailty or deconditioning

30/01/2026

The Trendelenburg Test is a functional weight-bearing test used to assess the strength and integrity of the hip abductor mechanism, mainly the gluteus medius and minimus muscles.

🎯 Purpose

The test is performed to evaluate:

Hip abductor muscle weakness

Hip joint stability during single-leg stance

Neuromuscular control of the pelvis

Structural hip pathology affecting abductor function

🧍 Patient Position

Patient stands upright

Feet shoulder-width apart

Hands may rest on examiner’s shoulders or hips for balance

🧑‍⚕️ Therapist Position

Therapist stands in front or behind the patient

Observes pelvic alignment at the level of the iliac crests

🔄 Procedure

Patient is asked to stand on one leg (test leg)

The opposite leg is lifted off the ground

Position is held for 20–30 seconds

Therapist observes pelvic movement

✅ Normal (Negative Test)

Pelvis remains level or slightly elevated on the unsupported side
➡ Indicates normal hip abductor strength

❌ Positive Test

Pelvis drops on the unsupported side

Or patient leans trunk towards the stance side to compensate

➡ Indicates weakness or dysfunction of hip abductors on the stance leg

📍 Interpretation

Pelvic drop on right side → Weak left hip abductors

Trunk lean towards stance side → Compensation for abductor weakness

🩺 Conditions Associated

✔ Gluteus medius/minimus weakness
✔ Hip osteoarthritis
✔ Developmental dysplasia of hip
✔ Perthes disease
✔ Hip fractures
✔ Post-hip surgery
✔ Superior gluteal nerve injury

26/01/2026

The Scour Test, also known as the Quadrant Test, is a dynamic passive hip joint assessment used to evaluate intra-articular hip pathology by applying axial compression combined with hip movements.

It reproduces functional loading of the hip joint, helping detect mechanical abnormalities.

🎯 PURPOSE OF THE TEST

The Scour Test is performed to assess:

Intra-articular hip pathology

Hip osteoarthritis

Acetabular labral tears

Articular cartilage lesions

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI)

Loose bodies within the hip joint

🧍 PATIENT POSITION

Patient lies in supine position

Pelvis is stabilized

Hip and knee of the tested limb are flexed to 90°

Patient is asked to relax completely

🧑‍⚕️ THERAPIST POSITION

Therapist stands on the side being tested

One hand stabilizes the pelvis

Other hand holds the knee or distal femur

🔄 PROCEDURE

Flex the hip to 90°

Apply downward axial compression along the femur

While maintaining compression, move the hip through:

Internal rotation

External rotation

Abduction

Adduction

Movement is performed in a sweeping arc, covering all hip quadrants

👉 The test simulates weight-bearing stress on the hip joint.

✅ POSITIVE TEST

The Scour Test is considered positive if the patient experiences:

Deep groin pain

Sensation of catching, locking, or grinding

Crepitus felt or heard

Restricted or painful movement

Apprehension during movement

25/01/2026

The Log Roll Test is a passive hip examination test used to assess:

Intra-articular hip pathology

Hip capsular laxity

Femoral head or neck pathology

Early hip joint involvement when active movement is painful

It is considered the most sensitive test for hip joint pathology because it minimizes muscle activity.

👤 Patient Position

Patient lies in supine position

Lower limbs placed in neutral alignment

Muscles must be completely relaxed

🧑‍⚕️ Therapist Position

Therapist stands on the side being tested

One hand supports the distal thigh or knee

Other hand holds the foot or ankle

🔄 Procedure

The therapist gently internally rotates the hip

Then externally rotates the hip

Movement is done passively, without lifting the limb

Observe:

Pain response

Range of motion

Degree of external rotation

Patient apprehension

👉 The limb should roll like a log, hence the name.

✅ Positive Test

The test is considered positive if:

Pain is reproduced in the groin or deep hip

There is excessive external rotation compared to the opposite side

Patient reports discomfort even with minimal movement

📍 Interpretation of Findings
🔹 Pain during rotation

➡ Indicates intra-articular hip pathology

🔹 Excessive external rotation (>50°)

➡ Suggests:

Capsular laxity

Ligamentous injury

Labral tear

🔹 Restricted or painful movement

➡ Possible:

Femoral neck fracture

Avascular necrosis

Synovitis

🩺 Conditions Commonly Associated

✔ Femoral head or neck fractures
✔ Hip labral tears
✔ Avascular necrosis (AVN)
✔ Hip osteoarthritis
✔ Transient synovitis
✔ Capsular laxity

⭐ Clinical Significance

Only test that assesses pure hip rotation

Minimal muscular involvement → high sensitivity

Helpful when patient cannot perform active ROM

Must always be compared with the contralateral side

Not diagnostic alone — used with FABER, FADIR, imaging

⚠️ Precautions

Avoid forceful rotation

Do not perform if fracture is suspected

Always assess patient comfort

Use gentle, controlled movements

24/01/2026

(Flexion – Adduction – Internal Rotation Test)
📌 Purpose

To assess hip joint pathology, especially:

Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI – Cam type)

Acetabular labral tears

Anterior hip joint pain

Early hip osteoarthritis

👤 Patient Position

Patient lies in supine position

Pelvis stabilized

Lower limb relaxed

🧑‍⚕️ Therapist Position

Standing on the side being tested

One hand stabilizes the pelvis

Other hand controls the tested limb

🔄 Test Procedure

Flex the hip to 90°

Adduct the hip across midline

Apply internal rotation of the hip

Observe patient response carefully

✅ Positive Test

Reproduction of anterior groin pain

Sharp or deep hip pain

Restricted internal rotation

Pain may radiate to thigh

➡️ Indicates intra-articular hip pathology

❌ Negative Test

No pain or discomfort

Smooth movement without restriction

🩺 Clinical Significance

Highly sensitive for FAI

Commonly used in young athletes

Helps differentiate hip joint pain from lumbar or SI joint issues

Important screening test before imaging

23/01/2026

The FABER test is used to assess hip joint pathology and sacroiliac (SI) joint dysfunction.

🧍 Patient Position

Patient lies supine

Test leg is placed in FLEXION – ABDUCTION – EXTERNAL ROTATION

Heel of the tested leg rests on the opposite knee (figure-4 position)

🧑‍⚕️ Examiner Position & Procedure

Stabilize the opposite ASIS with one hand

Apply gentle downward pressure on the tested knee

Observe range, pain, and resistance

✅ Positive Test

Pain reproduced or restricted movement

📍 Pain Location Matters

Groin pain → Hip joint pathology

Posterior / buttock pain → SI joint dysfunction

🩺 Indications / Conditions Detected

Hip osteoarthritis

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI)

Hip labral tear

Sacroiliac joint dysfunction

Piriformis tightness (occasionally)

📌 Clinical Significance

Limited FABER distance compared to opposite side indicates hip stiffness

Asymmetry is clinically important.

Address

1, Abdul Kalam Salai, Lakshmi Nagar, Gerugambakkam
Chennai
600122

Opening Hours

Monday	8am - 9:30pm
Tuesday	8am - 9:30pm
Wednesday	8am - 9:30pm
Thursday	8am - 9:30pm
Friday	8am - 9:30pm
Saturday	8am - 9:30pm
Sunday	8am - 9:30pm

Telephone

+918056855869

Website

http://Www.Physio360.biz/

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