07/06/2021
Ultrasound is a very useful investigation for early diagnosis of PCOS. Book an appointment now.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), recently referred also as hyperandrogenic anovulation, is a chronic anovulation syndrome associated with androgen excess.
The classic triad of PCOS is:
oligomenorrhea and/or
anovulation
hirsutism
obesity
In addition to this, patients may have infertility, acne, alopecia or biochemically show increased androgen levels.
Biochemical hyperandrogenism is based on the measurement of free testosterone, free androgen index, or calculated bioavailable testosterone, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate.
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are generally increased, and there is emerging evidence for the utility of AMH in the diagnosis of PCOS. At the time of writing, there is insufficient assay standardization and validation, and AMH should not be used in the diagnosis of PCOS at this stage.
Associations
1. subfertility and recurrent pregnancy loss
2. long-term increased risk of
type 2 diabetes mellitus
cardiovascular disease
endometrial cancer (two to six-fold increased risk)
3.high prevalence of anxiety and depression
women with polycystic ovarian morphology are at increased risk of OHSS when undergoing IVF, regardless of whether they have PCOS.
