
15/02/2025
15 February INTERNATIONAL CHILDHOOD CANCER DAY
The exact causes of childhood cancer are not fully understood, but research suggests that a combination of genetic and environmental factors may contribute. Unlike adult cancers, childhood cancers are usually not linked to lifestyle factors such as smoking or diet. Here are some potential causes and risk factors:
1. Genetic Mutations (Most Common Cause)
Random DNA changes: Most childhood cancers result from random mutations in DNA that occur during cell growth, not inherited from parents.
Inherited genetic conditions: Some children inherit gene mutations that increase cancer risk, such as:
Li-Fraumeni syndrome (TP53 gene mutation) → Linked to various cancers.
Retinoblastoma gene (RB1 mutation) → Causes eye cancer (retinoblastoma).
Neurofibromatosis (NF1/NF2 genes) → Increases risk of brain tumors.
2. Environmental Factors (Less Common)
Radiation exposure: High doses of radiation (e.g., from medical treatments, nuclear accidents) may increase cancer risk.
Parental exposure to harmful substances: Some studies suggest that exposure to pesticides, to***co smoke, or industrial chemicals before birth may slightly increase risk.
3. Weakened Immune System
Children with immune system disorders (like HIV or after organ transplants) have a higher risk of certain cancers, such as lymphoma.
4. Viral Infections
Certain viruses are linked to childhood cancers, though they are not direct causes:
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) → Linked to Burkitt lymphoma.
Hepatitis B and C → Can increase risk of liver cancer.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) → May contribute to childhood cancers in rare cases.
While childhood cancer is often caused by random genetic mutations rather than lifestyle factors, certain healthy habits can help strengthen a child’s immune system and overall well-being, potentially reducing the risk of some cancers. Here are some key preventive measures:
1. Balanced and Nutritious Diet
Provide a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins to support overall health.
Avoid processed and ultra-processed foods, excessive sugar, and unhealthy fats.
Limit exposure to pesticides by washing fruits and vegetables thoroughly or choosing organic options when possible.
2. Regular Physical Activity
Encourage at least 60 minutes of physical activity daily to maintain a healthy weight and boost the immune system.
Activities like outdoor play, sports, and yoga can improve overall health and reduce obesity-related risks.
3. Reduce Exposure to Harmful Chemicals
Avoid exposure to to***co smoke, air pollution, and toxic household chemicals (e.g., pesticides, strong cleaning agents).
Choose BPA-free plastic bottles and containers for food and drinks.
4. Minimize Radiation Exposure
Avoid unnecessary X-rays and CT scans, as excessive radiation exposure may increase cancer risk over time.
Ensure proper sun protection (sunscreen, hats, shade) to prevent skin damage.
5. Promote a Strong Immune System
Breastfeeding for at least six months (if possible) can provide essential antibodies.
Ensure children get recommended vaccinations, including:
Hepatitis B (prevents liver cancer risk)
HPV vaccine (protects against HPV-related cancers later in life)
6. Encourage Good Sleep Habits
Ensure children get 9-12 hours of sleep per night (depending on age) to support immune function and cell repair.
7. Reduce Stress and Promote Mental Well-being
Encourage a supportive, loving environment to reduce chronic stress, which can affect overall health.
Teach relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation, or play therapy to help manage emotions.
8. Clean and Safe Environment
Ensure clean drinking water and avoid exposure to industrial pollutants.
Limit exposure to harmful electromagnetic radiation from excessive screen time or devices close to the body.
While these lifestyle habits can help promote overall health, they cannot guarantee cancer prevention, as many childhood cancers occur due to unavoidable genetic factors. However, they contribute to a healthier and stronger immune system that can help fight various diseases.