Dr.Solomon K John

26/01/2026

Crohn's Disease

Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that may affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract.[3] Symptoms often include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, abdominal distension, and weight loss.[1][3] Complications outside of the gastrointestinal tract may include anemia, skin rashes, arthritis, inflammation of the eye, and fatigue.[1] The skin rashes may be due to infections, as well as pyoderma gangrenosum or erythema nodosum.[1] Bowel obstruction may occur as a complication of chronic inflammation, and those with the disease are at much greater risk of colorectal cancer and small bowel cancer.[1]

Although the precise causes of Crohn's disease (CD) are unknown, it is believed to be caused by a combination of environmental, immune, and bacterial factors in genetically susceptible individuals.[3][13][14][15] It results in a chronic inflammatory disorder, in which the body's immune system defends the gastrointestinal tract, possibly targeting microbial antigens.[14][16] Although Crohn's is an immune-related disease, it does not seem to be an autoimmune disease (the immune system is not triggered by the body itself).[17] The exact underlying immune problem is not clear; however, it may be an immunodeficiency state.[16][18][19]

About half of the overall risk is related to genetics, with more than 70 genes involved.[1][20] To***co smokers are three times as likely to develop Crohn's disease as non-smokers.[6] Crohn's disease is often triggered after a gastroenteritis episode.[1] Other conditions with similar symptoms include irritable bowel syndrome and Behçet's disease.[1]

Read more .... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crohn%27s_disease

26/01/2026

WHO - World Health Organization

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26/01/2026

21/01/2026

Article on Chronic Pancreatitis ( inflammation of the pancreas) and associated complications and outcomes! In the KHALEEJ times UAE

21/01/2026

https://www.alkhaleej.ae/2026-01-12/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%86-6258876/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%A9

Chronic pancreatitis is an inflammatory condition whose clinical manifestations range from abdominal pain and transient (acute) pancreatitis to impaired exocrine or endocrine pancreatic function and an increased long-term risk of pancreatic cancer.
Abdominal pain is a common symptom, typically located in the epigastric region and radiating to the back. Two main patterns of pain have been observed: short episodes lasting several days with long periods of remission, and prolonged periods of continuous pain or recurrent episodes of severe pain. Other symptoms to note include loss of appetite, weight loss, malnutrition, bloating after eating fatty or oily foods, steatorrhea (fatty, undigested stools), and new-onset diabetes.
Alcohol consumption is the leading cause of chronic pancreatitis in Western countries, while gallstones are more common in the Middle East. Numerous other causes exist, such as certain medications, high triglyceride levels, rare genetic syndromes, and hereditary pancreatitis.
Computed tomography (CT) is readily available and is often performed in cases of acute pancreatitis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), is widely considered to be more sensitive than CT in detecting subtle changes in the bile ducts and pancreatic tissue, particularly in the early stages of chronic pancreatitis. However, the two modalities are complementary. Given that the underlying pathogenic mechanism of chronic pancreatitis is persistent oxidative stress, some studies have suggested that a combination of antioxidants (such as vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and methionine) may be a useful adjunct therapy for pain relief. Chronic pain management services typically rely on a stepped-care approach, starting with non-opioid analgesics (such as paracetamol and ibuprofen), then progressing to weak opioids (such as codeine and tramadol), and finally to strong opioids (such as morphine and oxycodone).
Occasionally, chronic pancreatitis may initially present as unexplained weight loss. Further inquiry may reveal a history of chronic pain or steatorrhea (loose, bulky, foul-smelling stools). This is due to malabsorption resulting from the loss of exocrine pancreatic tissue. Treatment consists of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, for which a number of commercially available digestive enzyme preparations are available. Although most of these preparations are enteric-coated, gastric acid can reduce their effectiveness, and acid-suppressing therapy may be beneficial as an adjunct treatment.
It is rare for newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus to be the initial symptom of chronic pancreatitis, as the islets of Langerhans are usually the last to be affected by its progression. However, blood glucose levels should be checked as part of the diagnostic evaluation in patients presenting with other symptoms. Chronic pancreatitis, regardless of its cause, is an independent risk factor for pancreatic cancer, with some studies showing an increased risk of up to 17 times

14/01/2026

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30/12/2025

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