19/05/2025
The relationship between screen time and childhood myopia (nearsightedness) has been a growing concern among health professionals, especially with the increased use of digital devices by children. Here are the key points:
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1. What is Myopia?
Myopia is a common vision condition where close objects are seen clearly, but distant ones appear blurry. It's caused by the eye growing too long from front to back or problems with the cornea or lens.
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2. Role of Screen Time
Studies suggest a correlation between excessive screen time and increased risk of developing or worsening myopia in children:
Close-up focus: Prolonged focusing on screens up close can strain the eyes and encourage eye elongation, a key factor in myopia.
Reduced outdoor time: More screen time often replaces outdoor play, which has been shown to protect against myopia development.
Blue light exposure: While not definitively linked to myopia, prolonged exposure to screen-emitted blue light can contribute to digital eye strain.
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3. Protective Role of Outdoor Time
Research consistently shows that spending more time outdoors, especially in natural daylight, reduces the risk of developing myopia. The exact reasons aren’t fully understood, but natural light and distance focusing are believed to play a role.
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4. Recommendations for Parents and Caregivers
Limit screen time according to age (e.g., no screen time for under 2, max 1 hour for ages 2–5, as per WHO).
Encourage at least 2 hours of outdoor play daily.
Follow the 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break to look at something 20 feet away.
Schedule regular eye exams for early detection and management.
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