The Pathologist

13/03/2024

Lets appreciate the hardworking community performing critical role in healthcare, our dedicated professionals who perform vital diagnostic tests and meticulously maintain lab equipment under substantial time constraints.
Happy Lab Technician Day! 🙂😊🙏🏻👏🏼

06/10/2023

In type 2 diabetes mellitus, a distinct “diabetic dyslipidemia” is characteristic of the insulin resistance syndrome. Its features are a high serum triglyceride level (300–400 mg/dL), a low HDL cholesterol (less than 30 mg/dL), and a qualitative change in LDL particles, producing a smaller dense particle whose membrane carries supranormal amounts of free cholesterol. These smaller dense LDL particles are more susceptible to oxidation, which renders them more atherogenic.

Measures designed to correct the obesity and hyperglycemia, such as exercise, diet, and hypoglycemic therapy, are the treatment of choice for diabetic dyslipidemia, and in occasional patients in whom normal weight was achieved, all features of the lipoprotein abnormalities cleared. Since primary disorders of lipid metabolism may coexist with diabetes, persistence of lipid abnormalities after restoration of normal weight and blood glucose should prompt a diagnostic workup and possible pharmacotherapy of the lipid disorder.

12/09/2023

Molecular Characterization and Hematological Aspects of Hb E-Myanmar [β26(B8)Glu→Lys and β65(E9)Lys→Asn, HBB: c.[79G>A;198G>C]): A Novel β-Thalassemic Hemoglobin Variant

Hb E [β26(B8)Glu→Lys, GAG>AAG, HBB: c.79G>A] is an inherited thalassemic β-globin variant that favors the Hb E-β-thalassemia (β-thal) syndrome when interacting with the β-thal gene. However, hemogl...

02/09/2023

https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.23556.

The American Journal of Hematology publishes research in blood diseases in humans & animal model, covering all hematological diseases including leukemia, hemostasis and thrombosis.

27/06/2023

TP53-mutant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains the ultimate therapeutic challenge. Epichaperomes, formed in malignant cells, consist of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and associated proteins that support the maturation, activity, and stability of oncogenic kinases and transcription factors includin...

21/05/2023

A lady 32 yrs old, 3 months postpartum has come with lethargy , weakness, mild hyponatremia and complains of distinct tan although she hardly ventures outside. Lab studies showed Hb 11.9, Normal levels of protein & Albumin, sodium 128.7, potassium 3.6 (mmol/L) and very low 8am cortisol - 2.1 ug (normal range 10 to 20 ug/dL). Which of the following can be the most likely etiology?

A) Long-term steroid use
B) Sheehan Syndrome
C) Brain tumor
D) Autoimmune Adrenal destruction

26/03/2023

SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion) is the most frequent cause of Euvolemic hyponatremia where antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels are inappropriately high for the plasma osmolality.
The key diagnostic criteria for SIADH are
(1) reduced plasma osmolality 100 mOsm
(3) clinical euvolaemia and
(4) continued natriuresis >40 mM in the presence of
(5) normal thyroid and adrenal function and
(6) without recent use of diuretics.

Common conditions causing SIADH include malignancy (especially small cell lung cancer), lung disease (including pneumonia, tuberculosis and cystic fibrosis), cranial disease (encephalitis, meningitis and trauma), and drugs (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and antipsychotics).

13/02/2023

07/01/2023

Diagnostic Work up & Criteria for Iron Deficiency Anemia

1) Microcytic anemia (note; microcytosis in moderate to severe iron deficiency anemia but may not be present in mild iron-deficient anemia)

2)Low serum iron (but also decreases with inflammation);

3) Low transferrin saturation (typically

18/10/2022

06/10/2022

Part I deals with Alpha and Beta Thalassemias, Hemoglobin Variants & Complex Combinations will be explained in Part Ii, which will come subsequently.

08/08/2022

Hypoalbuminemia is associated with the acquisition and severity of infectious diseases, and intact innate and adaptive immune responses depend on albumin. Albumin oxidation and breakdown affect interactions with bioactive lipid mediators that play important ...