Cancer Care with Precision

01/08/2025

August is "World Cancer Support month"

World Cancer Support Month, observed annually in August, stands as a beacon of solidarity and hope for those affected by cancer across the globe.



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30/07/2025

Persistant throat pain, Painless neck swelling, Foreign body sensation in throat, Difficulty in swallowing or pain while swallowing food, Pain in ear, Reduced mouth opening, Altered speech, Restricted tongue movement- All these can be a presentation of oropharyngeal cancer.

What is Oropharynx?
Oropharynx is the part of the throat at the back of the mouth, including the soft palate, the base of the tongue, and the tonsils

What is Oropharyngeal cancer?
According to National Cancer Institute (NCI) definition Oropharyngeal cancer is a cancer that forms in tissues of the oropharynx. Most oropharyngeal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas.

What are the risk factors for developing Oropharyngeal cancer?
1. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) - It is postulated than about 90% of oropharyngeal cancers in developed countries like USA are HPV related. HPV 16 virus accounts for almost 90% of Oropharyngeal cancer. Other HPV virus which could also be associated with oropharyngeal cancer includes HPV 18, HPV 31 and HPV 33. . From 1975 through 2012, a 26.6% increase in incidence of OSCC has been reported worldwide, whereas in the USA the prevalence of HPV+ OSCC has been reported to have increased by 225%.
2. Smoking
3. To***co
4. Unprotected oral s*x can cause Oropharyngeal cancer by indirectly causing HPV virus infection.



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27/07/2025

Increase frequency of micturition, Urinary urgency, Urinary hesitancy, Nocturia can be a presentation of Prostate cancer !!

What is Prostate gland?

It is a gland in the male reproductive system found below the bladder and in front of the re**um.

What is prostate cancer?

Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that forms in tissues of the prostate. Prostate cancer usually occurs in older men.

What is the global burden of Prostate cancer?

It is the 4th most common cancer worldwide accounting for 7.3% of all cancer. According to Globocon 2020 data, 1.4 million people was diagnosed with prostate cancer worldwide in 2020. In India 25,700 patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2018 with 17200 death.

What causes prostate cancer?
1. Androgens (male hormones), such as testosterone, promote prostate cell growth. Having higher levels of androgens might contribute to prostate cancer risk in some men.
2. Family history- The relative risk of having prostate cancer doubles if one first degree relative diagnosed with prostate cancer before the age of 70 years. The risk is 4 times higher if two relatives are diagnosed and if one under the age of 65 years.
3. Germline mutations in BRCA2 gene increase the risk of developing prostate cancer by up to 5 times.



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25/07/2025

27th July- World Head & neck Cancer Day

How common is Oral cavity cancer?
According to GLOBOCON 2020 data, oral cavity cancer is the most common cancer among males in India in 2020. There were about 135329 new cases of Oral cavity cancer diagnosed in 2020 in India which accounts for 10.3% of all cancers. There were about 75290 death due to oral cavity cancer in 2020 which accounts for 8.8% of all cancer related death.

What are the symptoms of Oral cavity cancer?
1. An ulcer in mouth, which is not getting better with or without associated pain.
2. Difficulty in chewing.
3. Difficulty in swallowing food.
4. Difficulty in speaking.
5. Swelling in neck

&neckcancer

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23/07/2025

Metastatic breast cancer: Is it the end?

What is metastatic breast cancer or stage IV breast cancer?

Metastatic breast cancer is a stage of cancer when cancer cells have spread from the breast to other parts of the body. It is also called advanced breast cancer or stage IV breast cancer.

What is the outcomes of metastatic breast cancer?

Metastatic breast cancer is usually incurable. The aim of treatment at this stage is to try to control the cancer, try to control the symptoms from cancer, and try to improve the quality and quantity of life. A limited subgroup of patient called Oligo metastatic disease (Small or limited spread to other organ) can be treated with curative intent.

What are the treatment options for metastatic breast cancer?

Treatment of metastatic breast cancer depends on many factors: Age, medical comorbidities, fitness for treatment, symptom of the patient, Estrogen receptor/ Progesterone receptor/ HER2Neu receptor/ Ki-67 receptor status/ PDL1 level, PIK3CA mutation status etc. Treatment options for metastatic breast cancer patients include-
1. Hormone therapy which can be in oral form or injectable form
2. Chemotherapy
3. Targeted therapy
4. Immunotherapy in selected cases of triple negative breast cancer with PDL1 positive status.
5. Sometimes palliative radiotherapy may be needed for symptom control
6. Role of surgery is usually limited at this stage.



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20/07/2025

What is Oral cavity cancer?

Oral cavity is the front part of the mouth. It consists of mainly four parts- floor of mouth, the front 2/3rd of tongue, buccal mucosa, and lips. According to National Cancer Institute (NCI) definition Oral cavity cancer is a cancer that forms in tissues of the oral cavity. Most oral cavity cancer is squamous cell carcinomas.

How common is Oral cavity cancer?

According to GLOBOCON 2020 data, oral cavity cancer is the most common cancer among males in India in 2020. There were about 135329 new cases of Oral cavity cancer diagnosed in 2020 in India which accounts for 10.3% of all cancers. There were about 75290 deaths due to oral cavity cancer in 2020 which accounts for 8.8% of all cancer related death.

What are the risk factors for developing Oral cavity cancer?

1. To***co chewing is one of the commonest risk factors for developing oral cavity cancer.
2. Alcohol consumption.
3. In western countries excessive sun exposure can cause lower lip cancer.

What are the symptoms of Oral cavity cancer?

1. An ulcer in mouth, which is not getting better with or without associated pain.
2. Difficulty in chewing.
3. Difficulty in swallowing food.
4. Difficulty in speaking.
5. Swelling in neck



For appointment contact +918777427312
www.dranimeshsaha.com

16/07/2025

• Swelling or lump in breast
• Skin changes of breast- Thickening, redness, dimpling, ulceration
• Ni**le changes- Thickening, retraction, ulceration
• Swelling in axilla
• Swelling of arm

All these can be a presentation of breast cancer...

What are the risk factors for developing Breast cancer?

1. Reproductive factors:
• Early menarche(40 years)
• Nulliparity ( Having no children)
2. Benign breast diseases: Women who had a history of cysts, fibroadenomas or benign proliferative hyperplasia have an increased risk of breast cancer
3. Exposure to radiation: It has been shown that women received radiation to the chest for lymphoma at early age; are at increased risk of developing breast cancer.
4. Exogenous hormones: The Million Women study has shown that Hormone replacement therapy users were morelikely to develop breast cancers than non-users. The magnitude of risk was greater for women taking oestrogen and progestin in combination than for those taking Oestrogen alone and the risk was higher with increasing length of hormone replacement therapy use.
5. Dietary factor: Obesity increases breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women by around 50%, probably increasing the serum concentration of oestradial and decreasing the serum concentration of s*x hormone binding globulin, casuing a substantial increase in bioavailable oestradial.
6. Genetic factor:
• Breast cancer risk is doubled in women with a first degree relative with breast cancer, with a higher risk if more than one- first degree relative is affected or has breast cancer at a younger age.
• Breast cancer may result from mutation in one or more critical genes including BRCA, BRACA2 and TP53 etc.

16/07/2025

• Swelling or lump in breast
• Skin changes of breast- Thickening, redness, dimpling, ulceration
• Ni**le changes- Thickening, retraction, ulceration
• Swelling in axilla
• Swelling of arm

All these can be a presentation of breast cancer.

What are the risk factors for developing Breast cancer?
1. Reproductive factors:
• Early menarche(40 years)
• Nulliparity ( Having no child)
2. Benign breast diseases: Women who had a history of cysts, fibroadenomas or benign proliferative hyperplasia have an increased risk of breast cancer
3. Exposure to radiation: It has been shown that women received radiation to the chest for lymphoma at early age; are at increased risk of developing breast cancer.
4. Exogenous hormones: The Million Women study has shown that Hormone replacement therapy users were morelikely to develop breast cancers than non-users. The magnitude of risk was greater for women taking oestrogen and progestin in combination than for those taking Oestrogen alone and the risk was higher with increasing length of hormone replacement therapy use.
5. Dietary factor: Obesity increases breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women by around 50%, probably increasing the serum concentration of oestradial and decreasing the serum concentration of s*x hormone binding globulin, casuing a substantial increase in bioavailable oestradial.
6. Genetic factor:
• Breast cancer risk is doubled in women with a first degree relative with breast cancer, with a higher risk if more than one- first degree relative is affected or has breast cancer at a younger age.
• Breast cancer may result from mutation in one or more critical genes including BRCA, BRACA2 and TP53 and others.



Ph: For appointment call +918777427312
www.dranimeshsaha.com

13/07/2025

What are the treatment options for different stages of non-small cell lung cancer?

Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer depends on Type of lung cancer, stage of cancer, patient’s age, fitness for treatment and other associated medical problem. The treatment option for non-small cell lung cancer include the following-

Stage I- Treatment option for stage I include surgery (Removal of one lobe of lung or entire lung with lymph node sampling), Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy or SBRT, Hypo fractionated radical radiotherapy. SBRT is a technique for delivering accurate and precise external beam radiotherapy to a lung tumour, using high doses per session, in 3–8 treatment fractions. It has been shown to be equally effective treatment option for stage I, as surgery.

Stage II- Treatment option for stage II include surgery (Removal of one lobe of lung or entire lung with lymph node resection), Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, Hypo fractionated radical radiotherapy, Chemo radiotherapy, Chemo radiotherapy plus Immunotherapy.

Stage III- Chemoradiotherapy, Chemoradiotherapy plus Immunotherapy, Hypo fractionated radical radiotherapy, Chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy, Surgery (In very selected cases only).
Recent advance in radiotherapy allows us to use Intensity modulated radiotherapy, which helps to precisely target the tumour while sparing surrounding normal tissue. 4D-CT scan is another advancement in lung cancer radiotherapy. It helps us to assess the movement of lung cancer precisely with breathing and help to precisely target the lung tumour.

Stage IV- Chemotherapy, Immunotherapy, Chemo-Immunotherapy, Targeted therapy. Palliative radiotherapy is sometimes used for symptoms like chest pain, bleeding with cough etc.



Ph: For appointment call +918777427312
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12/07/2025

Hoarseness of voice, Throat pain, Difficulty in swallowing food, Pain while swallowing food, Difficulty in breathing, Abnormal sounds with breathing, Painless swelling in neck; can be a presentation of Laryngeal cancer.

What is larynx?
The area of the throat containing the vocal cords and used for breathing, swallowing, and talking. Also called voice box.

What is laryngeal cancer?
According to National Cancer Institute (NCI) definition laryngeal cancer is a cancer that forms in tissues of the larynx. Most laryngeal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (cancer that begins in flat cells lining the larynx).

How common is laryngeal cancer?
According to GLOBOCON 2020 data, there were about 1.85 lakh new cases of laryngeal cancer diagnosed in 2020 in India with 1lakh death.

What are the risk factors for developing laryngeal cancer?
1. Smoking
2. To***co
3. Alcohol consumption
4. Human papilloma virus infection can be associated with development of laryngeal cancer



Ph: For appointment call +918777427312

07/07/2025

July is National Bone and Sarcoma awareness month.

Gradually increasing swelling arising from any bone or muscle with or without pain can be an early sign of Bone tumour or sarcoma.

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03/07/2025

July is Bone and Sarcoma awareness month...

What is soft tissue sarcoma?
Soft tissue sarcoma is a broad term for cancers that start in soft tissues (muscle, tendons, fat, lymph and blood vessels, and nerves). These cancers can develop anywhere in the body but are found mostly in the arms, legs, chest, and abdomen.

What are the symptoms of soft tissue sarcoma?
A gradually increasing lump is the most common presentation

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Dr Animesh Saha is the Best Oncologist in Kolkata from last 10 years. He has good expertise in oncologist, medical oncologist near me