28/01/2026
Pelvis male & female explained! 😱😱🩺🧑🏻⚕️|🔹 1. Bony Pelvis – Detailed
Hip Bone (Os Coxae):
Ilium:
Ala (wing), iliac fossa, iliac crest
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) – important landmark
Ischium:
Ischial tuberosity (weight-bearing while sitting)
Ischial spine (important obstetric landmark)
P***s:
Superior and inferior p***c rami
P***c crest & tubercle
Sacrum:
Five fused vertebrae
Features: sacral promontory, anterior/posterior sacral foramina
Coccyx: 3–5 fused vertebrae, vestigial tailbone
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🔹 2. Pelvic Inlet & Outlet
Pelvic Inlet (superior aperture):
Boundaries: sacral promontory, arcuate line of ilium, pectineal line, p***c crest, symphysis p***s
Obstetric importance → size determines ease of childbirth
Pelvic Outlet (inferior aperture):
Boundaries: tip of coccyx, sacrotuberous ligaments, ischial tuberosities, p***c arch
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🔹 3. Types of Pelvis (Gynecology/Obstetrics)
1. Gynecoid (normal female pelvis) – wide, rounded inlet, best for childbirth
2. Android (male type) – heart-shaped inlet, narrow outlet
3. Anthropoid – oval inlet, long anteroposterior diameter
4. Platypelloid – flat inlet, wide transverse diameter
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🔹 4. Pelvic Floor & Diaphragm
Levator ani muscle:
Pubore**alis – maintains anore**al angle, continence
Pubococcygeus – supports pelvic viscera
Iliococcygeus – forms sling
Coccygeus muscle – supports sacrum & coccyx
Function: support pelvic organs, maintain continence, resist intra-abdominal pressure
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🔹 5. Pelvic Fascia & Ligaments
Ligaments stabilizing uterus & pelvic organs:
Broad ligament (peritoneal fold enclosing uterus, tubes, ovaries)
Round ligament (from uterus to l***a majora)
Uterosacral ligament (supports uterus posteriorly)
Cardinal (transverse cervical) ligament – main uterine support
Sacrospinous ligament (sacrum → ischial spine)
Sacrotuberous ligament (sacrum → ischial tuberosity)
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🔹 6. Pelvic Organs – More Detail
Male pelvis contains:
Bladder (anterior)
Prostate (below bladder)
Seminal vesicles & vas deferens
Re**um (posterior)
Female pelvis contains:
Bladder (anterior)
Uterus (central, between bladder & re**um)
Ovaries & fallopian tubes (lateral)
Va**na (inferior)
Re**um (posterior)
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🔹 7. Pelvic Blood Supply – Key Branches of Internal Iliac Artery
Anterior division:
Umbilical artery (gives superior vesical arteries)
Obturator artery
Uterine artery (female)
Va**nal artery (female) / Inferior vesical artery (male)
Middle re**al artery
Internal pudendal artery
Inferior gluteal artery
Posterior division:
Iliolumbar artery
Lateral sacral artery
Superior gluteal artery
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🔹 8. Pelvic Nerves
Lumbosacral trunk (L4–L5 + sacral plexus)
Sacral Plexus: sciatic, pudendal (important for perineum), gluteal nerves
Coccygeal Plexus: small nerves to coccyx
Autonomic:
Sympathetic → hypogastric plexus
Parasympathetic → pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2–S4)
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🔹 9. Clinical Importance
Childbirth: Pelvic inlet & outlet dimensions critical for vaginal delivery
Pelvic fractures: Can damage bladder, urethra, vessels
Prolapse: Weak pelvic floor → uterine, bladder, re**al prolapse
Surgical importance: Relations of ureter & uterine artery (“water under the bridge".)see more.. 🖼️👇🏻
Disclaimer:
For Educational and information ℹ️ Purpose Only
