13/05/2025
Major Body Systems
a. Skeletal System
Provides structure and support.
Protects internal organs (e.g., the skull protects the brain).
Stores minerals like calcium.
b. Muscular System
Works with bones to produce movement.
Includes skeletal, cardiac (heart), and smooth muscles (in organs).
c. Circulatory System
Heart pumps blood through arteries and veins.
Transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones.
Removes waste like carbon dioxide.
d. Respiratory System
Involves lungs and airways.
Main function is gas exchange — oxygen in, carbon dioxide out.
e. Digestive System
Breaks down food into nutrients.
Includes mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and liver.
f. Nervous System
Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Controls body functions and responds to stimuli.
g. Endocrine System
Glands that produce hormones (e.g., thyroid, pancreas).
Regulates growth, metabolism, and mood.
h. Urinary System
Kidneys filter waste from blood.
Produces and excretes urine.
i. Reproductive System
Male and female systems produce offspring.
Controlled by hormones like estrogen and testosterone.
j. Immune System
Defends against disease and infection.
Includes white blood cells, lymph nodes, and antibodies.
