02/03/2026
*Adenomyosis* is a condition where endometrial tissue (the lining of the uterus) grows into the muscular wall of the uterus (myometrium). It can significantly affect fertility, implantation, and pregnancy outcomes.
*🔬 How Adenomyosis Affects Infertility*
Although pregnancy is still possible, adenomyosis may reduce fertility through several mechanisms:
1. *Impaired Implantation*
Disrupts normal uterine lining function
Causes inflammation and altered immune response
Reduces endometrial receptivity
2. *Abnormal Uterine Contractility*
Excessive or uncoordinated uterine contractions can interfere with:
1. S***m transport
2. Embryo implantation
3. *Altered Uterine Environment*
Increased inflammatory cytokines
Progesterone resistance
Thickened junctional zone (seen on MRI)
4. *Association with Other Conditions*
Commonly coexists with:
1. Endometriosis
2. Fibroids
These combined factors may reduce natural conception rates and IVF success rates.
*📊 Impact on Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)*
Women with adenomyosis undergoing IVF may experience:
1. Lower implantation rates
2. Higher miscarriage rates
3. Reduced live birth rates
However, outcomes vary depending on:
1. Severity of adenomyosis
2. Age
3. Presence of coexisting endometriosis
*🩺 Diagnosis*
*Common diagnostic tools*:
1. *Transva**nal ultrasound* (first-line)
MRI pelvis (more accurate for junctional zone thickness)
*Typical findings:*
1. Enlarged globular uterus
2. Asymmetrical myometrial thickening
3. Myometrial cysts