AYN EYE CARE

20/11/2025

18/11/2025

OUTER FIBROUS LAYER

18/11/2025

Morning Glory Disc Syndrome
Symmetrical like mount Fuji 🔥
A 5-year-old boy presented with poor vision in the left eye for 1 month and inward deviation of the eye.

🔍 Exam Findings:

• Anterior segment: Normal in both eyes
• Right eye fundus: Normal
• Left eye fundus: Large, funnel-shaped optic disc surrounded by concentric pigmentary changes with Radial blood vessels emanating from the disc
No systemic anomalies were detected.

📌 Diagnosis: Morning Glory Disc (Morning Glory Syndrome)
👉 Glasses and amblyopia therapy were started for visual rehabilitation.

🌄 What is Morning Glory Syndrome (MGS)?

• A rare congenital anomaly of the optic nerve characterized by a funnel-shaped optic disc with radially arranged vessels
• Usually presents in childhood with decreased vision, strabismus, or leukocoria

👁 Key Facts:
• Unilateral in ~85% of cases
• Radial, straight vessels with acute branching angles, artery and veins difficult to differentiate.
• Macula may be pulled into the excavation (“macular capture”) → ↓ vision
• Risk of retinal detachment, requiring vitrectomy
• Visual prognosis: guarded

✨ Early detection and amblyopia management remain essential for the best possible outcome.

18/11/2025

WHERE THERE'S NO EYE DOCTOR

👁️ Understanding How Astigmatism Affects Your Vision

Astigmatism is one of the most common vision conditions — and it simply means the cornea (the clear front surface of your eye) or the lens inside your eye isn’t perfectly round. Instead of focusing light evenly, it causes blurred or distorted vision at all distances.

Here’s how different degrees of astigmatism can impact your eyesight:

🔹 Low Astigmatism (≤ 1.00D)

Often goes unnoticed.

May cause mild blur or eye strain, especially when reading or using digital screens for long periods.

Usually correctable with glasses or contact lenses.

🔹 Moderate Astigmatism (1.00D – 2.00D)

Vision becomes noticeably blurred or distorted.

Can cause squinting, headaches, and visual discomfort.

Regular correction (glasses, contacts, or refractive procedures) significantly improves clarity.

🔹 High Astigmatism (> 2.00D)

Vision can appear stretched, shadowed, or double.

Driving at night or reading small print becomes challenging.

Precise corrective lenses or specialized contact lenses are often required for best results.

💡 Good news: Astigmatism is easily diagnosed with a simple eye exam — and modern correction options make clear vision possible at every level.

👓 Book your comprehensive eye test today and see the difference clarity can make!

18/11/2025

What Is a Pinguecula and a Pterygium

Pinguecula and pterygium are growths on your eye’s conjunctiva, the clear covering over the white part of the eye.

Pinguecula is a yellowish, raised growth on the conjunctiva. It’s usually on the side of the eye near your nose, but can happen on the other side too. A pinguecula may contain deposits of protein, fat, or calcium.

Pterygium is a growth of fleshy tissue (has blood vessels) that may start as a pinguecula. It can remain small or grow large enough to cover part of the cornea. When this happens, it can affect your vision.

Causes!!!
Both pinguecula and pterygium are believed to be caused by a combination of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun, wind and dust.

Avoiding pinguecula and pterygium!!!
lf you have had a pinguecula or a pterygium at least once before, try to avoid the things that cause these growths. Here are some ways:
wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from ultraviolet (UV) light
protect your eyes from dust by wearing glasses or goggles
use artificial tears when your eyes are dry

Symptoms of pinguecula and pterygium can range from mild to severe.
They include:
-redness and swelling of the conjunctiva, mostly while the pterygium grows a yellow spot or bump on the white of your eye.
-Dry, itchy, burning eyes. Or feeling like sand or grit is stuck in your eye
blurry vision.
-Photograph of a pterygium (surfer's eye), a fleshy growth on the eye

Pinguecula treatment
In many cases pinguecula and pterygium do not need to be treated. However, if your eyes are uncomfortable or your vision is affected, you may need treatment.
Drops to lubricate your eyes can help relieve irritation from pinguecula. They also help relieve that annoying feeling as if you have something in your eye. If pinguecula causes redness and swelling in your eye, your doctor may prescribe steroid eye drops.
Usually eye drops can relieve any discomfort from pinguecula, and surgery is usually not recommended or needed.

Pterygium treatment
Your ophthalmologist can treat the discomfort, redness or swelling from a pterygium with lubricating or steroid eye drops.

If a pterygium grows large enough to cause problems, your ophthalmologist will probably recommend surgery to remove it. Once the pterygium is removed, your surgeon may transplant a thin piece of normal tissue onto the affected area. This technique helps reduce the chance that your pterygium will grow back.

You should also protect your eyes from sunlight, dryness and dust.

12/11/2025

What is Vitreous Hemorrhage (VH) ?

⭐ Definition:
Vitreous hemorrhage refers to bleeding into the vitreous humor, the clear, gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina in the posterior part of the eye.

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⭐ Causes:

👉1. Diabetic Retinopathy – most common cause due to fragile neovascular vessels.

👉2. Retinal Vein Occlusion – especially branch or central retinal vein occlusion.

👉3. Retinal Tear or Detachment – bleeding occurs when retinal vessels are torn.

👉4. Trauma – blunt or penetrating injury to the eye.

👉5. Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD) – traction on retinal vessels may cause bleeding.

👉6. Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) – due to choroidal neovascular membrane rupture.

👉7. Tumors or Blood Disorders – less common causes (e.g., leukemia, anemia).

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⭐Symptoms:

👉Sudden painless loss or blurring of vision.

👉Floaters (black spots, cobwebs, or red haze) in vision.

👉Reduced visual acuity (depending on the amount of blood).

👉Sometimes photopsia (flashes of light).

👉In dense hemorrhage – complete vision loss, appearing like a curtain or shadow.

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⭐Signs (on Examination):

Fundus view obscured (can’t see retina clearly).

On B-scan ultrasonography – echoes within vitreous cavity indicating hemorrhage.

May find associated retinal tear, detachment, or neovascularization.

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⭐Diagnosis:

Clinical examination (slit-lamp with +90D or indirect ophthalmoscopy).

B-scan ultrasonography if fundus not visible.

OCT or fluorescein angiography after blood clears (to assess underlying cause).

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⭐Treatment:✅

👍1. Initial Management:

Bed rest with head elevated (to allow blood to settle inferiorly).

Avoid strenuous activity and aspirin/anticoagulants (if possible).

👍2. Medical Treatment:

Treat underlying cause (e.g., control diabetes, manage vein occlusion).

Anti-VEGF injections if neovascularization present.

👍3. Surgical Treatment:

Pars plana vitrectomy – indicated if:

Non-clearing VH (>3 months).

Recurrent bleeding.

Associated retinal detachment or tear.

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⭐Prognosis:

Depends on the cause and extent of bleeding.

Mild cases may clear spontaneously.

Recurrent or severe cases may lead to vision-threatening complications if not treated promptly.

AYN EYE CARE @ Nirmal & Hyderabad

10/11/2025

A young female with no systemic disease presented with acute vision loss in the right eye. Fundus examination showed dilated tortuous veins, intraretinal hemorrhages in all quadrants, optic disc swelling, a superior cotton wool spot, and retinal whitening with edema along the cilioretinal artery. Roth spots (arrows) were also evident. Fluorescein angiography revealed blocked fluorescence from hemorrhages and delayed cilioretinal artery filling. Systemic evaluation led to a diagnosis of leukemia.

Retinal vascular occlusions and Roth spots may represent the first ocular signs of underlying hematologic disorders such as leukemia. Ocular involvement occurs due to anemia, thrombocytopenia, hyperviscosity, or leukemic cell infiltration, and can precede systemic symptoms. Recognition of these findings is therefore critical for early diagnosis and management of potentially life-threatening systemic disease.
📸: .academy

10/11/2025

Colour vision

09/11/2025

External hardeolum vs chalazion 👁️

05/11/2025

03/11/2025

💛 Fluorescent Dye Test in Eye Examination
Fluorescent dye (commonly Fluorescein) is a bright yellow-orange dye used by eye specialists to detect and examine various eye surface problems.

When viewed under a blue light (cobalt blue filter), the dye glows green, highlighting any irregularities on the cornea or conjunctiva.

👁️ Uses of Fluorescent Dye Test:
1️⃣ Corneal Abrasions or Ulcers
Helps detect scratches, wounds, or ulcers on the cornea.

2️⃣ Dry Eye Assessment
Reveals dry patches or damaged areas on the eye surface.

3️⃣ Contact Lens Fitting
Used to evaluate the lens fitting pattern and tear film stability.

4️⃣ Tear Film Break-Up Time (TBUT)
Measures how quickly the tear film evaporates — important in dry eye diagnosis.

5️⃣ Checking Eye Injuries or Foreign Bodies
Detects small injuries or particles invisible to the naked eye.

6️⃣ Aqueous Leakage (Seidel’s Test)
Identifies leaking wounds after eye surgery or trauma.

⚕️ How It’s Done:
A small drop of fluorescein dye is placed on the eye surface.
The doctor examines the eye using a slit lamp with blue light.
Areas with damage or dryness appear bright green, helping accurate diagnosis.

💡 Did You Know?
This test is painless, quick, and safe — the dye washes away naturally with tears in a few minutes.

👩‍⚕️ AYN EYECARE
💗 Your Eyes, Our Priority.

🔖 Please follow my page AYN EYE CARE for more eye health awareness 👁️

02/11/2025

Describe about Astigmatism ?

👉 Definition:
Astigmatism is a refractive error of the eye in which light rays entering the eye fail to focus at a single point on the retina, resulting in blurred or distorted vision. This occurs due to an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens.

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⭐Types of Astigmatism :-

✨1. Corneal Astigmatism:

Caused by uneven curvature of the cornea (the clear front surface of the eye).

Most common type.

✨2. Lenticular Astigmatism:

Caused by irregular curvature of the lens inside the eye.

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⭐Optical Classification:

✨1. Simple Myopic Astigmatism:

One meridian focuses on the retina, the other in front of it.

✨2. Simple Hypermetropic Astigmatism:

One meridian focuses on the retina, the other behind it.

✨3. Compound Myopic Astigmatism:

Both focal lines are in front of the retina but at different distances.

✨4. Compound Hypermetropic Astigmatism:

Both focal lines are behind the retina but at different distances.

✨5. Mixed Astigmatism:

One focal line is in front of and the other behind the retina.

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⭐Causes:

👉Genetic factors (most common)

👉Eye injury or surgery

👉Keratoconus (progressive thinning of cornea)

👉Uneven pressure on the cornea during eyelid closure

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⭐Symptoms:

👉Blurred or distorted vision (both near and distant)

👉Eye strain or headache, especially after reading

👉Squinting

👉Difficulty seeing at night

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⭐Diagnosis:

👉Visual Acuity Test

👉Keratometry (measures corneal curvature)

👉Refraction Test

👉Corneal Topography (detailed corneal mapping)

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✅Treatment:

👍1. Spectacles:

👍Cylindrical lenses correct uneven curvature.

👍2. Contact Lenses:

👍Toric lenses specially designed for astigmatism.

👍3. Refractive Surgery:

👉LASIK, PRK, or LASEK to reshape the cornea.

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⭐Key Point:

> In astigmatism, light focuses at two different points instead of one, leading to blurred or distorted vision at all distances.