
07/08/2025
Understanding Tooth Sensitivity: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
By Dr. Pradeep Gogia (MDS Endodontics) & Dr. Shilpa Gogia – Dental Surgeon
Dr. Gogia’s Super Specialty Dental Care Centre, Rohtak
Tooth sensitivity, medically known as dentin hypersensitivity, is a common dental concern that affects people of all ages. It presents as a sudden, sharp pain or discomfort in the teeth when exposed to certain triggers such as cold air, hot drinks, sweet foods, or even during brushing and flossing.
In this detailed blog, we’ll explore the causes of tooth sensitivity, symptoms to watch for, and the most effective ways to treat and prevent it.
What is Tooth Sensitivity?
Tooth sensitivity occurs when the enamel (the hard outer layer of your teeth) is worn down or when gum recession exposes the underlying dentin layer of the tooth. Dentin contains microscopic tubules filled with fluid and nerve endings. When exposed, these tubules react to stimuli, sending pain signals to the brain.
Common Causes of Tooth Sensitivity
Brushing Too Hard
Using a hard-bristled toothbrush or applying too much pressure can wear down enamel and cause gum recession.
Gum Recession
Often a result of periodontal (gum) disease, this condition exposes the roots of the teeth, which are not protected by enamel.
Tooth Decay or Cavities
Cavities create holes in the enamel, exposing dentin and causing sensitivity.
Worn Fillings or Crowns
Old or damaged dental restorations can leave parts of your tooth exposed.
Cracked or Chipped Teeth
A crack can expose the dentin or even the pulp of the tooth.
Teeth Grinding (Bruxism)
Grinding wears down enamel, especially at night, making teeth more sensitive.