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📚 High-yield medical content
💡🚀🔥💪📖Empowering future doctors with knowledge! Follow for daily learning

01/02/2026

⚖️ METABOLIC ACIDOSIS – ABG INTERPRETATION SIMPLIFIED

This post explains metabolic acidosis with verified, error-free values, strictly following standard concepts used in NEET PG, INICET, FMGE, ICU, and emergency practice.

🔍 Key points covered in this infographic:
✅ Definition of metabolic acidosis
✅ Correct ABG pattern: ↓ pH, ↓ HCO₃⁻ (

01/02/2026

🫁 RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS – ABG INTERPRETATION MADE SIMPLE
Respiratory acidosis is a common and high-yield ABG abnormality encountered in ICU, emergency, pediatrics, medicine, anesthesia, and pulmonology. This post explains respiratory acidosis in a clear, stepwise, exam-oriented manner, exactly the way it is expected in NEET PG, INICET, FMGE and during on-call duties.
🔍 Key concepts covered: ✅ Definition of respiratory acidosis
✅ ABG pattern (↓ pH, ↑ PaCO₂, HCO₃⁻ changes)
✅ Acute vs chronic respiratory acidosis with exact compensation values
✅ Pathophysiology explained in one flow line
✅ High-yield causes (COPD, severe asthma, CNS depression, drugs, neuromuscular disorders)
✅ Clinical features including CO₂ narcosis
✅ One-line diagnosis format for exam answers
📚 Core concept to remember:
👉 Respiratory acidosis is due to hypoventilation
👉 Lungs fail first, kidneys compensate later
🎯 Best suited for: • MBBS students
• Interns & residents
• ICU / emergency postings
• Rapid ABG revision before exams
💾 Save | Share | Revise
⚠️ Disclaimer:
This content is intended for educational purposes only and should not replace clinical judgment or institutional protocols.
📝 If any misprint, please comment below.

01/02/2026

🫁 RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS – SIMPLE EXPLANATION FOR EXAMS & CLINICAL PRACTICE

Respiratory alkalosis is a common ABG finding in emergency, ICU, pediatrics, and medicine wards. This infographic is designed with more text and minimal visuals to help in concept clarity and last-minute revision for exams like NEET PG, INICET, FMGE, and during on-call duties.

🔍 Key points covered clearly:
✅ Definition of respiratory alkalosis
✅ ABG pattern (pH, PaCO₂, HCO₃⁻ changes)
✅ Acute vs chronic respiratory alkalosis (renal compensation explained)
✅ Pathophysiology in one-line flow
✅ Common exam-oriented causes (anxiety, hypoxia, sepsis, pregnancy, salicylates, ventilator overuse)
✅ One-line diagnosis format for answer writing

📚 High-yield concept:
👉 Respiratory alkalosis = primary lung problem first, kidneys compensate later
👉 Most commonly due to hyperventilation

🎯 Useful for:
• MBBS students
• Interns & residents
• ICU / emergency postings
• Rapid ABG interpretation practice

💾 Save | Share | Revise

⸻

⚠️ Disclaimer:
This content is strictly for educational purposes and should not replace clinical judgment or institutional protocols.

📝 If any misprint, please comment below.

30/01/2026

📌 IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (IBS)
Approach & Treatment – According to Harrison’s Internal Medicine
IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain associated with defecation and change in stool frequency or form, without any structural abnormality.
🔹 Key highlights from Harrison
• Diagnosis is clinical (Rome IV criteria)
• IBS is a positive diagnosis, not a diagnosis of exclusion
• Red flags like weight loss, GI bleeding, anemia, nocturnal diarrhea → think NOT IBS
• Management is step-wise and subtype-based (IBS-C, IBS-D, IBS-M)
• Patient education & reassurance are the most important pillars of treatment
This infographic is designed for MBBS, NEET PG, INICET, MRCP aspirants and for quick clinical revision.
Save • Share • Revise ✔️
⚠️ Disclaimer
This content is for educational purposes only and is based on standard textbook references (Harrison’s Internal Medicine). It is not a substitute for clinical judgment or patient-specific medical advice.

📝 Note
If any misprint, please comment below.
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29/01/2026

Methylprednisolone Dosage in a 9-Month-Old Infant with Asthma (Acute Exacerbation) – According to Nelson
Acute asthma exacerbations in infants require early and appropriate systemic corticosteroid therapy to reduce airway inflammation, prevent progression, and decrease hospital admission rates.
🔹 According to Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics:
Systemic steroids are indicated in moderate to severe asthma exacerbations, even in infants.
Oral route is preferred if the child can tolerate feeds.
IV methylprednisolone is used in severe cases or if the child is vomiting.
🩺 Recommended Doses (Weight-based):
Oral (preferred): Prednisolone/Prednisone
👉 1–2 mg/kg/day for 3–5 days
IV (severe / vomiting): Methylprednisolone
👉 1–2 mg/kg/dose IV every 6–12 hours
⚠️ Dose should always be adjusted based on clinical severity, weight, and response to therapy.
This infographic is designed for quick pediatric revision, ward use, and exam-oriented learning 📚
⚠️ Disclaimer
This content is intended for educational purposes only for medical students and healthcare professionals. Clinical decisions should always be made based on individual patient assessment and standard treatment guidelines.

📝 Note:
If any misprint, please comment below.

27/01/2026

Fever in a 6-month-old baby is a common but important clinical presentation.
As per Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, the approach should always be systematic—starting with assessment of general condition (toxic vs non-toxic), accurate temperature measurement (re**al ≥38°C), and age-appropriate risk stratification.
🔹 Key points covered in this infographic: • Definition of fever in infants
• Age-based risk (6 months = intermediate risk)
• Common causes including viral infections, UTI, pneumonia, otitis media
• First-line antipyretic: Paracetamol 10–15 mg/kg/dose
• When to avoid ibuprofen and why aspirin is contraindicated
• Non-pharmacological care
• Clear indications for investigations and hospital admission
📌 Remember:
Fever is a symptom, not a disease. Treat the child, not just the temperature.
⚠️ Disclaimer:
This content is for medical education purposes only. It is not a substitute for clinical judgment or senior consultation. Always manage patients based on clinical condition and institutional protocols.

📝 If any misprint, please comment below.

27/01/2026

👶 Abdominal Pain in a 1-Year-Old – Nelson Based Approach
Abdominal pain in infants is a clinical challenge because babies cannot localize or describe pain. According to Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, every case must first be evaluated for surgical emergencies before labeling it as a benign medical cause.
🔴 Red flags you must never miss
• Inconsolable crying
• Bilious (green) vomiting
• Blood or mucus in stools (red currant jelly)
• Abdominal distension
• Fever with toxicity or shock
🚨 Presence of any red flag = Immediate surgical evaluation
🟢 Common causes in a 1-year-old
• Intussusception (most important)
• Gastroenteritis
• Constipation
• UTI
• Colic / gas
• Milk protein allergy
🩺 Nelson emphasizes
✔ Detailed history
✔ Gentle abdominal examination
✔ Ultrasound abdomen as first-line imaging
✔ Avoid unnecessary investigations in stable children
📌 Exam & clinical pearl
Any infant with episodic crying + vomiting should be considered intussusception until proven otherwise.
📚 Based strictly on Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics
🎯 Designed for interns, residents & pediatric practice
⚠️ Disclaimer:
This content is for educational purposes only and not a substitute for clinical judgment or specialist consultation.

📌 If any misprint, please comment below.

26/01/2026

🫁👶 CROUP IN A 3-MONTH-OLD BABY – IS STEROID SAFE?
Croup is a viral illness causing inflammation and edema of the larynx, leading to barking cough and stridor.
📘 According to Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, systemic corticosteroids (prednisolone / dexamethasone) are SAFE and strongly recommended at all ages, including young infants

26/01/2026

Nobody tells you this before MBBS… 💔
Everyone thinks medical college is about IQ.
It’s not. It’s about showing up every day when you’re tired, scared, and doubting yourself.
If you’re in MBBS and felt even ONE of these points —
this reel is for you.
👇 Comment “REAL” if you relate
📌 Save this — you’ll need it
👨‍⚕️ Follow for honest med student life

26/01/2026

👶 2-Year-Old Child with Cough, Fever & Body Ache – What to Do?
A child presenting with cough, fever, and generalized body aches, but having clear bilateral air entry on chest auscultation, is most commonly suffering from Acute Viral Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (Viral URI) according to Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics.
🔍 Key Points (Nelson-based):
✔ Clear chest examination rules out pneumonia
✔ Viral illness is the most likely cause
✔ Antibiotics are NOT required
✔ Treatment is mainly supportive
💊 Management Includes:
• Paracetamol / Ibuprofen in correct weight-based dose
• Adequate oral fluids & normal feeding
• Warm fluids and saline nasal drops
• Close observation for danger signs
🧪 Investigations:
❌ Not required if child is stable and chest exam is normal
🚨 Seek medical care immediately if:
• Breathing difficulty
• Persistent high fever
• Poor feeding or lethargy
📘 Reference: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics
⚠️ Disclaimer:
This content is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for clinical judgment or pediatric consultation.
📌 If any misprint, please comment below.

26/01/2026

🔴 Decreased Feeding in a 45-Day-Old Baby with HCO₃⁻ = 31 mEq/L
According to Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, a raised bicarbonate level in a young infant becomes clinically significant when associated with poor feeding. This scenario commonly suggests early metabolic alkalosis, often due to dehydration or gastric acid loss (vomiting).
Key points highlighted in this infographic:
✅ Decreased feeding = symptomatic infant
✅ Always assess hydration status, urine output, and weight
✅ Interpret bicarbonate with ABG and electrolytes, not in isolation
✅ Management focuses on treating the cause – volume and chloride replacement, not just correcting numbers
👶 Early recognition and timely management can prevent complications.
Disclaimer
This content is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for clinical judgment or specialist consultation. Always manage patients according to institutional protocols and senior guidance.

📝 If any misprint, please comment below.

25/01/2026

👶 Constipation in a 1-Month-Old Baby – What Does Nelson Say?
According to Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics (21st ed., pp. 206–207), glycerine suppository can be used occasionally in young infants only for acute constipation when the baby is symptomatic and stools are hard.
🔹 Dose: ½ infant glycerine suppository per re**um
🔹 Action: Osmotic agent + re**al stimulant
🔹 Onset: Stool usually passes within 5–30 minutes
🔹 Important: Not for routine or chronic use due to risk of re**al irritation and dependence
🍼 Remember:
Breastfed infants may normally pass stools once every 3–7 days if stools are soft — no treatment is needed in such cases.
🚨 Red flags like delayed meconium, abdominal distension, bilious vomiting, or failure to thrive require evaluation to rule out Hirschsprung disease.
📘 Reference: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 21st Edition
⚠️ Disclaimer:
This post is for educational purposes only and does not replace clinical judgment or consultation with a pediatrician.

👉 If any misprint, please comment below

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