02/11/2018
What are fissures in ano..?
Fissures are the longitudinal tear in the lower end of a**s. It is the most painful condition affecting the a**l region. They are commonly seen in young & middle age people. Due to wrong food habits, fissures are found in children also.
Site:
The crack is usually in the midline posterior i.e. in line with the cleft of the buttocks. Occasionally, it may be in the front or sides.
Sometimes, a little tag-swelling of the skin, develops at the edge of the a**s. This is called as sentinel tag or sentinel piles. This stays even after the fissure heals unless excised.
Symptoms:
Severe burning, cutting pain during and after passing stools.
Severe constipation.
Drop of blood or streak of fresh blood during defecation.
Sentinel piles.
Itching.
Hard stool.
Causes:
Extreme conditions like severe constipation or dysentery.
Surgeries (Piles surgery).
Sphincter hypertonia (spasm of a**s).
Repeated normal deliveries.
Excessive use of ointments.
Excessive use of laxatives.
Complications of fissure:
Anemia.
Pain.
Fistula in ano.
Infection.
How to cure a**l fissures?
Self help-
Correcting Constipation:
This can be done by adopting a hot, fresh, light, timely and high fibre diet. Also eat as per your appetite. Avoid fast food. Drink sip by sip water during eating. Do exercise regularly.
Sitz Bath:
The best way to reduce pain is a sitz bath in simple warm water or warm medicated water(Proctobath).
Avoid straining during defecation.
Applying coconut oil locally helps a lot sometimes.
Conservative treatment:
Panchakarma ( Basti ) Treatment.
Basti of medicated ayurvedic oil or ghee helps to reduce pain, spasm, swelling of a**l ring. It also reduces dryness of internal skin which helps to heal fissure very fast.
A**l Dilation :
This is para surgical procedure. When conservative treatment fails to cure fissure permanently due to severe spasm of a**l ring, dilation of the a**l ca**l is preferred. This is a short procedure where a**l ca**l is dilated manually by fingers. This can be done under local anaesthesia. This is also called Lord's a**l dilation. It is the safest procedure to cure a**l fissures.