Brief answers to big Medical questions

29/08/2025

OPAT is outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy

Ref:- mandel principle of infectious diseases

29/08/2025

A rehydration algorithm

How to approach adult patient with acute hypovolemia ??

29/08/2025

Troponin pathway

How can you use hs serum troponin to rule out/in myocardial injury ? Is there an absoulte cut off ? Normal value?
The short answer is no , value depend on clinical setting

04/08/2025

GIT ..2

04/08/2025

GIT…1

01/08/2025

What is the indication of “ prophylactic thyroidectomy “???

31/07/2025

How should maternal hyperglycemia be managed in pregnant individuals with GCK-MODY, and what role does fetal genotype determination play in guiding treatment decisions?

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✅ Answer:

In pregnant individuals with GCK-MODY (glucokinase-maturity-onset diabetes of the young), the management of maternal hyperglycemia depends critically on the fetal genotype:

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🧬 1. If the Fetus Inherits the Maternal GCK Variant:
• The fetus has the same altered glucose sensing as the mother.
• Result: It does not mount a hyperinsulinemic response to maternal hyperglycemia.
• ✅ Management: No treatment of maternal hyperglycemia is required.
• ✳️ Reason: Fetal growth remains normal despite maternal hyperglycemia.

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🧬 2. If the Fetus Does NOT Inherit the GCK Variant:
• The fetus responds normally to maternal glucose levels.
• Result: Risk of fetal hyperinsulinemia → macrosomia and complications.
• 🚨 Management: Maternal insulin therapy is indicated to control glucose and prevent excessive fetal growth.

How to determine fetal genotype ?

27/07/2025

What is CAPS ???

25/07/2025

What is TPP?

18/07/2025

Malignancy that reveals itself through significant weight loss usually has a very poor prognosis.

Harrison 22 ed ..2025

15/07/2025

The five pillars of DKD management

1) improved glycemic control,

(2) strict blood pressure control,

(3) administration of an ACE inhibitor or ARB,

(4) in individuals with type 2 DM, administration of a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor

(5) administration of a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (especially finerenone).

Dyslipidemia should also be treated.

14/07/2025

Goals of asthma therapy

Adapted from Harrison 22 ed