07/11/2021
Pig farming terminology
Barrow – a male pig castrated before puberty
Biosecurity – the process to prevent diseases from entering an area, whether it is at a
country’s border, between states and territories or an individual piggery
Boar – an uncastrated male pig over nine (9) months-of-age
Creep – an area of the piglet protection pen which is heat to keep the piglets warm
Deep litter system – a type of group housing system in which pigs are kept on a deep
layer of bedding material, usually straw
Dry sow – an adult female pig that is between litters (does not currently have any
piglets) and is not lactating
Entire male – a pig that has not be castrated
Estrus/Oestrus cycle - the 21days between standing heat periods
Farrowing – when a sow gives birth to piglets
Farrowing pen – see piglet protection pen
Feeder/self feeder – equipment from which feed is dispensed
Feeding station – an enclosure used in group housing systems that animals enter into
one at a time to be fed
Finisher – grower pigs over 70 kg liveweight
Foster – a management practice when a piglet is moved soon after birth so that it is
fed by a sow that is not its mother
Free range – where all sows, boars and their piglets live outside, with access to shelter
Gestation – pregnancy
Gestation stall free – sows and gilts kept in loose housing. For the Australian pork
industry, this means from five (5) days after last mating until one (1) week before
farrowing
Gilt (or maiden gilt) – a young female pig that has been selected to join the breeding
herd but has not had her first litter
Grower – any pig between weaning and sale
Health treatment – any medication administered by oral dosing, injection, topical
application to the skin or any other means
Heat - Desire to be mated
Herd – a group of pigs
Hutches – see arks above
Lactating sow – a sow that has given birth, and is producing milk to feed her piglets
Litter – all the piglets born to one sow from the same pregnancy
Loose housing – sows and gilts, either singularly or in groups, have freedom