19/01/2021
Intermittent fasting (IF). Is it safe for people with diabetes?
IF has has become a popular health fitness trend. According to research, it is used to manage weight and control/reverse some conditions. But can anyone practice intermittent fasting?
What is intermittent fasting?
Intermittent fasting entails when you eat, it is all about time. This is a cycle where one switches between fasting and eating.
The most popular one is the 16/8 program. This is a schedule where one fasts for 16 hours and restricts eating to 8 hours. It has to be a regular plan for it to yield results. An example is where one skips breakfast and eats between 1-9 p.m. The fasting window starts from this time up to 1 p. m the following day.
There is also another method of intermittent fasting known as the 5.2 approach. In this approach, one eats regularly for five days in a week. For the remaining two days of the week, one restricts to eating a 500-600 calorie meal, once a day.
Another plan is called eat-stop-eat. This is where you fast for 24 hours once or twice a week. During the eating days, one should eat normally and regularly.
It is not advisable to fast for longer periods such as 24, 48 and 72 hours. It is dangerous and may lead to health concerns and your body storing fats.
Finally, there is alternate day fasting where one fasts every other day. However, this plan may not be sustainable since you will be fating for several days in a week.
Intermittent fasting is believed to work in that when the body exhausts its sugar stores, it begins to use stored fat. Using fat burns up calories. On the other hand, if you eat three times a day and not exercise, your body will run on calories and fail to burn fats. It will take you 2-4 weeks to get used to intermittent fasting.
When you are not eating, you can take water and tea. During the eating period, maintain healthy foods, avoid junk and high calorie foods. Always eat the right portions, do not fill the plate because you have not eaten for a long period.
Benefits of intermittent fasting
-It helps in preventing obesity hence lowering the risk of getting type 2 diabetes
-It leads to improved blood pressure and heart rates
-It boosts memory
-It reduces tissue damage and leads to better performance
Is intermittent fasting for everyone?
As much as it has several benefits, this fasting is not safe for everyone. It is advisable to consult your doctor before you start any fasting plan because people react differently to this plan.
-If you have diabetes, especially type 1, it is not advisable to fast. If you have type 2, kindly talk to your doctor, who will check your readings and advise accordingly
-Children and teens below 18 years should not fast
-If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, you are not supposed to fast
-People with a history of eating disorders should not fast
Risks of intermittent fasting to people with diabetes
-One risk of this type of fasting is that your sugar levels may go dangerously low, causing a hypo. It is for this case that people on insulin should not fast.
-Skipping meals may lead to poor glucose control. One of the recommended ways of controlling sugars is having regular meals, in recommended portions. Hunger may lead to poor diet choices when one breaks the fast.
-It could lead to increased hunger hence increased cravings. As a result, you could suffer from hyperglycemia when you break the fast.
-Finally, it puts people with diabetes at a high risk of diabetic ketoacidosis. This condition is dangerous because it could lead to a coma or death. Also, cutting out whole food groups may cause nutritional deficiency and loss of muscle mass
Negative effects of fasting
-Weakness
-Increased irritability
-Difficult concentrating
-Dizziness
-Constipation
Bottom line, if you have type 1 diabetes, fasting is not recommended. If you have type 2, do not try intermittent fasting on your own without having consulted your doctor. You could experience episodes of highs and dips, which are not good for diabetes management. Effective diabetes control means having stable and balance sugars throughout.
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