Optics and Optometry Lebanon

05/10/2025

02/10/2025

Visual Field Defects

👁️ By Dr. Muzamil Hussain Baloch

What is a Visual Field?

The visual field is the total area a person can see when the eyes are fixed on a central point.

It includes central vision (sharp focus) and peripheral vision (side view).

Causes of Visual Field Defects

Eye diseases: Glaucoma, Retinal diseases (e.g., Retinitis Pigmentosa, Macular degeneration).

Optic nerve damage: Optic neuritis, Optic neuropathy.

Brain lesions: Stroke, Tumors, Trauma along the visual pathway.

Types of Visual Field Defects

1. Central Scotoma

Loss in the center of vision.

Seen in optic neuritis, macular disease.

2. Peripheral Field Loss

Tunnel vision.

Common in glaucoma and retinitis pigmentosa.

3. Altitudinal Defect

Loss of upper or lower half of visual field.

Often due to ischemic optic neuropathy.

4. Hemianopia

Loss of half of the visual field (right or left).

Seen in stroke, brain tumors.

Types:

Homonymous hemianopia: Same side of both eyes (lesion behind optic chiasm).

Bitemporal hemianopia: Outer fields lost (lesion at optic chiasm – e.g., pituitary tumor).

Binasal hemianopia: Inner fields lost (rare – glaucoma, congenital anomalies).

5. Quadrantanopia

Loss of a quarter of the visual field.

Caused by localized brain lesions (temporal or parietal lobe).

Diagnosis

Perimetry (Visual field test) – e.g., Humphrey or Goldman perimetry.

Fundus exam and imaging (OCT, MRI if neurological cause suspected).

Summary

Visual field defects indicate where along the visual pathway the damage has occurred.

Eye or optic nerve → central or peripheral loss.

Chiasm → bitemporal loss.

Brain → homonymous hemianopia or quadrantanopia.

01/10/2025

Central serous chorioretinopathy

29/09/2025

13/09/2025

Itchy eyes and blurry vision in the morning could be due to mites p**ping on your eye lashes.

If your eyes itch and feel irritated every morning but allergy meds don’t help, tiny creatures called Demodex mites could be the cause. These microscopic spider-like mites live at the base of your eyelashes, feeding on oily secretions and leaving behind debris as they p**p while you sleep.

Around 60% of people carry these mites, which become more active at night, explaining why symptoms flare up in the morning. Signs include waxy buildup on lashes, blurry vision that comes and goes, itching, frequent styes, or dry, gritty eyes—sometimes leading to inflammation called Demodex blepharitis.

People over 60, contact lens wearers, and those with conditions like rosacea or diabetes are more prone. Eye doctors can detect mites and treat them with medicated wipes or prescriptions. To avoid mite buildup, keep eyelids clean, remove makeup nightly, swap pillowcases often, and never sleep with contacts in. So if your morning itch won’t quit, it might be time to check for mites, not just allergies.

12/09/2025

27/08/2025

Dr-Muzamil Hussain Baloch

26/08/2025

https://ara.tv/tpx62

طور فريق من العلماء تقنية جديدة غير جراحية لإعادة تشكيل القرنية باستخدام تيار كهربائي خفيف وتغيير مؤقت في درجة الحموضة.وأظهرت التجارب الأولية نجاح التقنية

30/03/2025

فطر مبارك وكل عام وانتم بخير 🙌

05/03/2025

Here's what the world looks like with different eye conditions.

Eye conditions can change the way you see the world, often in subtle ways at first.

Cataracts may cause your vision to become blurry or hazy, making colors appear faded or yellow.

You might also experience intense glare at night and even double vision in one eye. Glaucoma, if untreated, can lead to a gradual loss of peripheral vision, making it seem like you’re looking through a tunnel. Over time, this can progress to total blindness.

Macular degeneration, on the other hand, can cause severe blurriness, making it difficult to recognize faces. Straight lines may appear wavy, and you could develop blank or dark spots in the center of your vision.

Eye floaters cause distorted objects to appear and move slowly around your vision.

If these conditions worsen, they can have a severe impact on your sight, though early detection can make a significant difference.

While some symptoms might not indicate a serious problem, it's crucial to see an eye doctor immediately if you notice any changes.