03/10/2025
Key Studies & Reviews on Compression Socks.
Acute Effects of Graduated Elastic Compression Stockings in Patients with Symptomatic Varicose Veins:
➡️ Patients with varicose veins, wearing GECS (18-21 mm Hg at ankle) vs placebo for 1 week - significantly reduced pain/aching compared with placebo (VAS: ~1.7 vs ~4.5) after 1 week. Also trends toward less swelling, paraesthesiae.
PubMed
➡️ Efficacy of medical compression stockings class I on the reduction of symptoms in patients with uncomplicated varicose veins German/European trial (class I stockings ~18-21 mm Hg)
Hogrefe eContent-Patients with varicose veins CEAP C2-C4 Compression class I stockings improved symptoms like pain, leg swelling, “heaviness” vs baseline or no sock use.
Hogrefe eContent
➡️ Graduated compression stockings in the prevention of venous thromboembolism – DARE review Systematic review of reviews (Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects)
NCBI- Hospitalised medical/surgical patients, post-op, etc. Found that graduated compression stockings (GCS) are effective, safe, relatively inexpensive for preventing DVT; increase venous outflow, reduce venous stasis; in hospitalised patients they reduce DVT risk by ~55-70% when properly used.
NCBI
➡️ Efficacy of compression stockings in preventing post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) – systematic review / meta-analysis Various RCTs, meta-analysis (2015-2020 range)
PubMed
Patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) Evidence suggests compression stockings can significantly reduce risk of PTS over 1-2 years, though some trials show no effect; overall evidence supportive but not completely consistent.
PubMed
➡️ # Sports Compression Garments Alter Measures of Peripheral Blood Flow? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis Weakley J, Broatch J, O’Riordan S, Morrison M, Maniar N, Halson SL, 2023
PubMed
“Sports compression garments” during rest, exercise, recovery Found that these garments improve venous blood flow (SMD = 0.37), also arterial in some conditions; especially during and after physiological challenge (e.g. after exercise) improvements more evident than at rest.
PubMed
➡️ COMETA Trial: Randomized Controlled Trial of Compression After Endovenous Thermal Ablation of Varicose Veins Bootun R, Belramman A, Bolton-Saghdaoui L, Lane TRA, Riga C, Davies AH, et al., 2019–2021
OUCI
After varicose vein treatment (endovenous ablation ± phlebectomy), comparing wearing compression stockings vs none for 7 days Wearing stockings post-procedure resulted in lower pain scores in the first few postoperative days (esp in patients who also had phlebectomies) compared to no stockings. Differences faded by 6-months follow up.
JVS Venous
▶️ What the Evidence Supports
From the above, the scientific literature supports a number of benefits of compression socks, including:
✔️ Reducing pain, aching, heaviness in varicose veins (especially with moderate compression like 18-21 mm Hg).
PubMed
✔️ Decreasing swelling / oedema in legs.
Hogrefe eContent & SAGE Journals
✔️ Improving venous blood flow, particularly during or after activity.
PubMed
✔️ Prevention of DVT in high-risk / hospitalised patients (surgery, immobility).
NCBI
✔️ Reducing the incidence of post-thrombotic syndrome after DVT, although results vary and quality of evidence ranges from moderate to low. Pubmed
✔️ Short-term relief after procedures like ablation for varicose veins.
OUCI
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