Ginecologo en Querétaro Dr Luis Nelson Bautista Garcia

01/05/2026

Syphilis is a s*xually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It progresses in stages and can become serious if not treated.
Modes of Transmission
Unprotected va**nal, a**l, or oral s*x
From infected mother to baby (congenital syphilis)
Direct contact with a syphilitic sore (chancre)
Stages & Symptoms
1. Primary Syphilis
Painless ulcer (chancre) at site of infection (ge****ls, mouth, a**s)
Appears ~3 weeks after exposure
Heals on its own (but infection persists)
2. Secondary Syphilis
Skin rash (often on palms & soles)
Fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes
Hair loss, fatigue
Highly infectious stage
3. Latent Syphilis
No symptoms
Can last for years
4. Tertiary Syphilis (Late stage)
Severe complications:
Brain & nerve damage (neurosyphilis)
Heart problems (cardiovascular syphilis)
Organ damage
Can be life-threatening
Congenital Syphilis (in newborns)
Miscarriage, stillbirth
Deformities, developmental delay
Preventable with proper maternal treatment
Diagnosis
Blood tests (VDRL, RPR, TPHA)
Dark-field microscopy (rarely used now)
Treatment
Penicillin injection is the treatment of choice
Early treatment = complete cure
Late stages may need longer treatment
Sexual partners should also be treated
Prevention
Use condoms
Regular STI screening
Avoid multiple s*xual partners
Test during pregnancy

01/05/2026

A hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus. There are several types, classified either by what is removed or by the surgical approach used.
🔹 Types Based on What Is Removed
1. Total Hysterectomy
Removal of entire uterus + cervix
Most common type
Ovaries may or may not be removed
2. Subtotal (Partial / Supracervical) Hysterectomy
Removal of upper part of uterus only
Cervix remains intact
Sometimes chosen to preserve pelvic support or s*xual function
3. Radical Hysterectomy
Removal of:
Uterus
Cervix
Upper part of va**na
Surrounding tissues (parametrium)
Sometimes lymph nodes
Typically done for cancers like cervical cancer
4. Hysterectomy with Salpingo-Oophorectomy
Removal of:
Uterus
One or both ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Called:
BSO (bilateral) if both sides removed
Leads to surgical menopause if ovaries removed
🔹 Types Based on Surgical Approach
1. Abdominal Hysterectomy
Large incision in abdomen
Used for large uterus, cancer, or complications
Longer recovery
2. Vaginal Hysterectomy
Uterus removed through the va**na
No visible external scar
Faster recovery
3. Laparoscopic Hysterectomy
Small incisions + camera (laparoscope)
Less pain and quicker healing
May be combined with va**nal removal
4. Robotic-Assisted Hysterectomy
Advanced form of laparoscopic surgery
Controlled by surgeon using robotic system
High precision

01/05/2026

The pelvic bone (also called the pelvis) is a ring-shaped structure of bones at the base of your spine. It connects your upper body to your legs and plays a key role in support, movement, and protection of internal organs.

Structure of the Pelvic Bone..

The pelvis is made up of three fused bones on each side, forming the hip bones:
Ilium – the large, flared upper part (what you feel as your “hip”)
Ischium – the lower back portion (you sit on it)
P***s – the front part where the two sides meet at the p***c symphysis
Together, these bones form a basin-like structure.

At the center:
The sacrum (base of the spine) fits between the hip bones
The coccyx (tailbone) sits just below the sacrum

Functions of the Pelvic Bone
Supports body weight when sitting and standing
Protects organs like the bladder, intestines, and reproductive organs
Connects muscles and ligaments for movement of the hips and legs
Facilitates childbirth (in females, the pelvic opening is wider)

Male vs Female Pelvis
Female pelvis: wider, shallower, larger opening
Male pelvis: narrower, taller, more heart-shaped opening
These differences are mainly related to childbirth.

01/05/2026

01/05/2026

29/04/2026