02/06/2025
以下是你提供内容的中文翻译，清晰易懂，适合用于医学学习或教学材料：
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手臂三大神经：正中神经、尺神经、桡神经
这三大神经起源于臂丛神经（Brachial Plexus），该神经丛由脊神经的 C5–T1 节段组成，主要负责调控前臂与手部的运动与感觉。
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1. 正中神经（Median Nerve）
• 起源：由 C5–T1 神经根组成
• 走向：穿过肘部前方（肘窝），再经过腕管（Carpal Tunnel）进入手掌
• 主要功能：
• 控制手指弯曲的肌肉，如桡侧屈腕肌、指浅屈肌等（即屈肌群）
• 提供拇指、食指、中指和无名指一半的手掌侧感觉
• 常见异常：
• 腕管综合征（Carpal Tunnel Syndrome）：当手腕受到压迫时，导致拇指、食指、中指出现麻木或疼痛感
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2. 尺神经（Ulnar Nerve）
• 起源：来自 C8–T1 神经根
• 走向：沿手臂内侧行进，在肘部绕过内上髁（也就是“打到手肘很痛”的那个骨头），再通过Guyon 管道进入手部
• 主要功能：
• 控制部分手指动作相关的肌肉，如骨间肌（Interossei）和部分蚓状肌（Lumbricals）
• 负责小指和无名指一半的感觉
• 常见异常：
• 肘管综合征（Cubital Tunnel Syndrome）：肘部压迫引起手部无力、小指发麻
• 神经严重损伤时，可能出现**“爪形手”（Claw Hand）**畸形
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3. 桡神经（Radial Nerve）
• 起源：同样来自 C5–T1 神经根
• 走向：沿手臂背侧行进，穿过肱骨的桡神经沟，分为浅支（感觉）和深支（运动）
• 主要功能：
• 控制伸展肘部、手腕和手指的肌肉（伸肌群）
• 负责手臂、手背以及拇指部分的感觉
• 常见异常：
• 垂腕（Wrist Drop）：当桡神经受到压迫或损伤时，会无法伸直手腕
• 常见于“周六晚上瘫”（Saturday Night Palsy），如睡觉时压着手臂太久所致
The Median, Ulnar, and Radial nerves are three major nerves in the arm that play a primary role in regulating movement and sensation of the hands and lower arms. All of them originate from the Brachial Plexus (a group of spinal nerve classes C5–T1)
1. Median Nerve
Origin: derivative of C5–T1 nerves.
Route: Run through front of elbow (cubital fossa) through in carpal
Tunnel into the palm of your hand.
Main duties :
- Control the muscles used in finger bends (flexors), such as flexor carpi radialis,
flexor digitorum superficialis
- Give sense to the palm of the palm of your thumb, index finger, middle finger and half.
One of her fingers
A common anomaly:
- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Pressing on the wrist causes numbness or pain in the thumb, index and middle finger.
2. Ulnar Nerve
Origin: Derived from the C8–T1 nerve roots.
Route: Running through the inside of the arm, a curve around the elbow bone called a medial epicondyle (the spot that hurts when impact) into the hand through Guyon’s canal.
Main duties :
- Control the muscles used in finger movements such as interossei and
Some lumbricals
- giving her pinky and half of her finger feeling
A common anomaly:
- Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: Compression at the elbow makes the hands weak and
Little finger tea.
- Possible "Claw hand" condition if nerves are damaged.
3. Radial Nerve (radial nerve)
Origin: derivative of C5–T1 nerves.
Route: Running on the back of the arm, breaking through the radial groove at the bone.
humerus is separated into superficial (sensitive) and deep (control)
Movement)
Main duties :
- Control the muscles that stretch elbows, wrists and fingers (extensors)
- Gives some sense of the back of the arms, hands and thumb
A common anomaly:
- Wrist Drop: When nerves are suppressed or injured, making it impossible.
I can stretch my wrist.
- May be caused by lying on the arm (Saturday night palsy)
