18/09/2020
Yesterday I talked about how a stroke can be caused by a blood clot travelling to the brain from the heart.
Two possible causes were Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and Mural Thrombus embolisation.
In AF the blood clot is formed in the fibrillating left atrium and can embolise to the brain via the left ventricle.
In the past the only way of preventing this was, apart from reverting the patient to sinus rhythm and maintaining it with drugs or surgically (another topic for another day..😅) was to prescribe Warfarin, an anticoagulant, or blood thinner, in layman’s terms.
Warfarin had it’s own risks, the most obvious being bleeding.
A patient could bleed from the stomach or also into the brain. Both are serious side effects.
The activity of the drug also needs to be monitored periodically with a blood test called INR.
This is in fact, very tedious.
Warfarin is still the drug of choice for mural thrombi and as an anticoagulant for prosthetic valves.
However for non valvular AF there is a newer class of drugs called DOACs or NOACs.
Don’t ask me why they keep changing the abbreviations.
Long story short, they are not affected by your diet and also do not require monitoring your blood tests so often.
So, for clots arising from the left ventricle of the heart due to muscle damage from a heart atttack the drug of choice is still warfarin.
For Non Valvular AF the ideal choice should now be NOACs pr DOACs.
NOAC stands for novel oral anticoagulant whereas DOAC stands for Direct...you can guess the rest. 😂