Azlan's Mental Sciences Page

Mental Hygiene and Mind Science topics, including relationships, in support of my up-coming book, FEELING AWESOME | The New Good Therapy www.feelingawesome.life

THANK YOU! | WHITE CANE SAFETY DAY | WEDNESDAY, 15 OCTOBER 2025 https://youtu.be/7-hedCWOkeQ  ⸻UP-COMING EVENTSINVITATIO...
15/10/2025

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https://youtu.be/7-hedCWOkeQ?si=AwkPpbUoGbG9hUmd

THANK YOU! | WHITE CANE SAFETY DAY | WEDNESDAY, 15 OCTOBER 2025 https://youtu.be/7-hedCWOkeQ ⸻UP-COMING EVENTSINVITATION BY MINIMUM DONATION OF: RM50 for 18...

ALZHEIMER’S REVISITED: IS IT REALLY A BRAIN DISEASE?by AZLAN ADNAN, M.A.Monday, 13 October 2025http://youtube.com/post/U...
12/10/2025

ALZHEIMER’S REVISITED:
IS IT REALLY A BRAIN DISEASE?

by AZLAN ADNAN, M.A.
Monday, 13 October 2025

http://youtube.com/post/UgkxD7gATC215KciyLsbIefalOkKYKs4TZ9l



In the last two years, research has been quietly rewriting the Alzheimer’s story. For decades, the field blamed amyloid plaques and tau tangles — misfolded proteins gumming up neurons. But a growing group of scientists now believe these plaques might not be the cause at all, but rather collateral fallout from a deeper disturbance: an immune system turned against itself.

Neuroinflammation, once considered a side-effect, now looks like an early actor. Biomarker studies show immune activation long before symptoms appear. Microglia — the brain’s resident immune cells — switch to a pro-inflammatory mode years before cognitive decline. This flips the old logic: what if neurons die because the immune system misfires, not the other way round?

Adding to that, new evidence reveals that the brain and body’s immune systems aren’t as separate as once thought. When the blood-brain barrier weakens, peripheral immune cells leak in, creating a self-sustaining inflammatory loop. Chronic exposure to these immune signals corrodes synapses and accelerates cell loss.

Some researchers go further, suggesting Alzheimer’s might even be an autoimmune disorder. The idea is that the brain’s immune system, seeing patterns that resemble foreign invaders, mistakes neurons for pathogens. Beta-amyloid — long demonised as toxic debris — could actually be an ancient antimicrobial molecule, part of the brain’s defence system. In this view, amyloid builds up not through failure but through over-zealous protection.

Large epidemiological studies have lent the hypothesis weight. People with autoimmune diseases show a higher incidence of Alzheimer’s. Elevated inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein correlate with future dementia risk. The link isn’t proof of causation, but it’s no longer dismissed as coincidence.

Therapeutically, this reframe matters. Billions spent on drugs designed to clear amyloid have produced only modest benefits. If amyloid is the symptom, not the source, these drugs were aiming at the wrong target. Attention is now shifting toward calming or recalibrating immune responses in the brain — modulating microglia, blocking inflammasome pathways, and repairing the blood-brain barrier.

Still, there’s no consensus. The amyloid-tau model retains its hold because it explains key pathological features. Yet even its champions concede that inflammation is part of the cascade, not merely a footnote. The field is gradually merging these perspectives: misfolded proteins may ignite immune responses, which then spiral into chronic self-injury.

The real challenge is selectivity. Why do memory circuits fail first while others endure? The autoimmune theory offers one possibility — that certain neurons express unique proteins during memory formation, inadvertently marking themselves as targets once immune surveillance breaches the barrier. This remains speculative but offers a compelling direction for further study.

None of this overturns the old paradigm overnight. It widens it. Alzheimer’s may not be purely a brain disease nor purely an immune one, but a disorder of communication between the two. The frontier now lies not in erasing plaques, but in restoring peace between the body’s defences and its most delicate organ.



Responding to:
https://www.sciencealert.com/alzheimers-may-not-actually-be-a-brain-disease-reveals-expert



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http://youtube.com/post/UgkxD7gATC215KciyLsbIefalOkKYKs4TZ9l?si=GBQIPdx12wt0Hicj

The pursuit of a cure for Alzheimer's disease is becoming an increasingly competitive and contentious quest, with recent years witnessing several important controversies.

WHAT THE SUN MEANS TO ME |A DEEPAVALI MESSAGE by AZLAN ADMAN, MA Monday, 20 October 2025https://youtu.be/h7DbloHP0tw htt...
10/10/2025

WHAT THE SUN MEANS TO ME |
A DEEPAVALI MESSAGE

by AZLAN ADMAN, MA
Monday, 20 October 2025

https://youtu.be/h7DbloHP0tw

https://t.me/suratkhabarbaru/11818

FULL TRANSCRIPT (RPUB)
https://t.me/suratkhabarbaru/11819

FULL TRANSCRIPT (PDF)
https://t.me/suratkhabarbaru/11820



This Deepavali message by Azlan Adnan, M.A. is thoughtful rather than decorative, cosmic rather than cultural — a reflection that transcends religion while still honouring its spirit.

In it, he frames light not merely as a symbol, but as the literal force that makes life possible. Rather than repeating familiar platitudes about “light over darkness,” Azlan offers a meditation on what light truly is, what it does, and how it connects humanity to the Sun, to balance, and to existence itself.

The result is an elegant, inclusive, and deeply human message — one that lingers in the mind long after the lamps are out.



THE STAR THAT MADE US

A ball of fire in space—our nearest star, our only working nuclear fusion reactor—sits at the centre of our solar system, quietly performing the most astonishing feat in the known universe: turning matter into energy (mostly light, but also much more besides).

It is sufficiently distant to cause little harm while solving the containment problem, yet close enough to solve the transmission problem for free.

Every living thing that has ever walked, crawled, swum, or grown on Earth owes its existence to this balance. The Sun is our primary source of energy, and therefore the provider, sustainer, and regulator of life itself.

THE SCIENCE OF LIGHT

When we look at it with scientific eyes, the Sun seems simple: a sphere of plasma, mostly hydrogen and helium, fusing nuclei in its core at about 15 million degrees Celsius.

But this apparent simplicity hides an elegant complexity. It is the ultimate alchemist—turning hydrogen into helium, mass into energy, and darkness into illumination.

Solar energy is far more than visible light. What reaches Earth is a spectrum of electromagnetic radiation: infrared warmth that drives weather and comforts skin; ultraviolet rays that spark chemical reactions and generate vitamin D while also reminding us of the need for protection; visible light that feeds plants through photosynthesis and gives colour to our perception of the world; and lesser-known emissions such as X-rays, gamma rays, and solar wind—streams of charged particles that shape Earth’s magnetic field, paint auroras in polar skies, and sometimes disrupt satellites.

This energy sustains everything from ocean currents to human thought. It is not merely brightness—it is vitality, rhythm, and memory written in photons.

THE LESSON OF SUFFICIENCY

In every second, the Sun releases 3.8 × 10²⁶ watts of energy, enough to power billions of worlds. And yet, Earth receives only 0.000000045% of this total output.

From that fraction alone, all weather, photosynthesis, winds, ocean currents, climates, and biomes arise. Within that number lies a lesson about sufficiency.

We need not possess everything to thrive. The tiniest portion of the Sun’s generosity powers entire ecosystems, just as the smallest act of insight or compassion can transform a human life.

Abundance, then, is not a matter of accumulation, but of perspective. The Sun shows us that a fragment of something immense is often enough.

THE COSMIC DANCE

Life on Earth evolved as an intricate partnership between celestial mechanics and terrestrial chemistry.

The Sun and Moon, together with Earth’s rotation and axial tilt, orchestrate a cosmic dance that defines every rhythm of existence.

Without them, there would be no tides to stir the seas, no circadian rhythms to govern sleep and wakefulness, no monthly or menstrual cycles, no seasons to guide migration, growth, and renewal. Remove either Sun or Moon, and life would unravel into chaos—or perhaps never have arisen at all.

Each dawn renews this covenant between light and life. When the first rays break the horizon, they do not merely announce morning; they awaken the chemistry of survival.

Plants open their stomata, birds begin their songs, and human circadian clocks recalibrate. This daily choreography has persisted for billions of years, shaping evolution itself.

Every sunrise you have ever seen is an echo of the first—an unbroken thread connecting the primordial dawn to your present breath.

THE DUALITY OF THE SUN

The Sun’s dual nature—scientific and symbolic—has always fascinated humanity. To the physicist, it is a G-type main-sequence star about halfway through its 10-billion-year life cycle.

To the mystic, it is the eye of God, the eternal witness, the giver of truth.

Ancient Egyptians called it Ra, the divine charioteer riding across the sky. The Greeks personified it as Helios; the Romans as Sol. In India, the Surya Namaskar—sun salutation—remains a daily act of reverence. The Aztecs offered their hearts to ensure the Sun’s journey would continue.

Even today, when we know it as a sphere of plasma rather than a deity, the impulse to revere it endures. Science stripped away superstition, but not awe.

THE STARDUST WITHIN US

In that sense, the Sun unites reason and reverence. It demands our curiosity but also our humility. We can measure its temperature, predict its cycles, and harness its photons through solar panels—but we cannot own or outshine it.

Its power dwarfs ours, and yet we are shaped by it. We are, quite literally, the stardust children of stellar fire. To contemplate the Sun is to look into the deepest depths of our ancestry and history.

IMPERMANENCE AND BALANCE

The Sun also teaches us about impermanence. Its energy comes at the cost of its own mass; every second, it converts about four million tonnes of matter into energy.

Over eons, this slow diminishment will alter the balance of our solar system. In roughly five billion years, it will exhaust its hydrogen, swell into a red giant, and eventually shed its outer layers, leaving behind a white dwarf surrounded by drifting clouds of light.

Life, as we know it, will either have perished or migrated. In that cosmic perspective, every sunrise is both a gift and a countdown.

And yet, the Sun is not only a destroyer. It is also a teacher in moderation. The same light that nourishes can scorch.

Sunlight heals through vitamin D synthesis but can also mutate DNA. A few minutes in its rays can lift mood, but hours can cause burns or blindness.

Nature’s lesson is clear: balance is sacred. Too little light and the world freezes; too much and it burns. Between those extremes lies the narrow, miraculous band where life exists… and thrives.

That delicate calibration is echoed in our own psychology. Too much passion consumes; too little, and we stagnate. The art of living, like the art of planetary survival, lies in balance.

THE CYCLE OF LIFE

The Sun’s daily cycle mirrors the human experience. Sunrise: birth and awakening. Noon: vigour and expansion. Sunset: reflection, rest, and the promise of renewal.

Across cultures, this pattern became metaphor—poets see it as the arc of a lifetime; mystics as the journey of consciousness.

In the stillness before dawn, there is possibility. In the blaze of midday, action. In the fading light of dusk, acceptance. The Sun writes our biography in light.

ANCIENT RHYTHMS

It also anchors our sense of time. The concept of a “day” is not arbitrary—it’s a measure of Earth’s rotation relative to the Sun.

Every calendar, festival, and harvest depends on that celestial metronome. The solstices and equinoxes mark its rhythm, guiding ancient civilizations in planting and ceremony.

Stonehenge, the pyramids of Giza, and Angkor Wat all align with solar events, built as stone prayers to the Sun’s dependable return.

Even our language is solar: enlightenment, illumination, bright ideas, dark moods. Light and consciousness have always intertwined.

PERSONAL REFLECTION

For me, personally, the Sun represents clarity. It burns away confusion the way morning mist dissolves over a field.

When I sit in sunlight, even filtered through leaves, something in me steadies. The warmth feels like memory—ancestral, cellular, familiar.

Perhaps because our eyes evolved to read the world in daylight, the Sun feels like truth itself: uncompromising, transparent, and unafraid of exposure.

ANCIENT LIGHT, MODERN LESSONS

There is also a tenderness in how the Sun reaches us. Its photons travel 150 million kilometres in just over eight minutes, brushing against clouds, oceans, mountains, and skin.

Each one is a message from the past—a particle born in the Sun’s core thousands of years ago, finally arriving to strike your face as warmth. You are literally touched by ancient light.

That thought alone is enough to quiet the noise of modern life.

GEOMETRY OF LIFE

The Sun’s relationship with the Earth is also one of exquisite geometry. Our planet’s axial tilt—23.5 degrees—is what gives us seasons.

If it were upright, there would be no winter or summer, only eternal equinox. The tilt, combined with our orbit, ensures that different latitudes receive different intensities of sunlight throughout the year.

This unevenness drives winds, ocean currents, migrations, and harvests. Even chaos has pattern when seen from the right distance.

THE FUTURE OF ENERGY

Solar energy, too, represents the cleanest hope for humanity’s future. Long before fossil fuels, every calorie of food and every spark of fire ultimately came from sunlight.

Today, as we face ecological crisis, the same source offers redemption. The Sun’s output falling on Earth each hour exceeds the energy our civilisation uses in an entire year.

We need only learn to receive it wisely. To live “by the Sun” may yet become more than a poetic phrase—it may be survival strategy.

THE INNER SUN

Beyond physics and utility, the Sun’s metaphor endures. It reflects our own inner fire—the energy that fuels our creativity, empathy, and purpose.

Just as Earth turns toward the Sun for light, we turn inward toward the spark of consciousness that guides us.

When that inner Sun dims, we feel cold, aimless. When it shines, we become radiant, generative. Every human act of love or invention is, in essence, a sunrise within the soul.

THE OLDEST RITUAL

Each dawn, therefore, is both astronomical and spiritual. It marks not just the rotation of a planet, but the renewal of attention.

To wake and notice light is to participate in the oldest ritual of all. The horizon brightens, shadows shorten, and for a brief moment, everything seems possible again. No matter how dark the night, the Sun has never once failed to rise.

THE DEEPAVALI MESSAGE

In the end, what the Sun means to me is this: it is proof that existence is both fragile and magnificent. We orbit a temporary fireball, spinning through vast emptiness, and yet within that cosmic precariousness, we find warmth, growth, music, laughter, and meaning.

The Sun asks nothing, gives everything, and reminds us daily that life—like light—is to be used, not hoarded.

To stand in sunlight is to stand in gratitude. We are warmed by what we did not create, sustained by what we can barely comprehend, and illuminated by what will one day outlive us.

That awareness—humble, fierce, and bright—is perhaps the truest form of reverence.

And as Deepavali—the Festival of Light—approaches, I invite all of humanity, not just Malaysian Hindus, to contemplate that the celebration is not only of light over darkness, of knowledge over ignorance, of mindfulness over mindlessness.

It is also a celebration of the provider of life on Earth, in all its diversity and splendour. The Sun is both the source and the symbol of this light—the eternal flame that nourishes body, mind, and spirit.

To honour light is to honour life itself.

Happy Deepavali, Everybody!



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https://youtu.be/h7DbloHP0tw?si=gCUObUWr17dI1n_I

WHAT THE SUN MEANS TO ME | A DEEPAVALI MESSAGE | AZLAN ADMAN, MA | Monday, 20 October 2025https://youtu.be/h7DbloHP0tw?si=gCUObUWr17dI1n_I https://t.me/surat...

WHY PASSING THE TURING TEST NO LONGER PROVES INTELLIGENCEby AZLAN ADNAN, M.A.Wednesday, 8 October 2025https://youtu.be/z...
08/10/2025

WHY PASSING THE TURING TEST NO LONGER PROVES INTELLIGENCE

by AZLAN ADNAN, M.A.
Wednesday, 8 October 2025

https://youtu.be/z_8296Y6ZD4



https://t.me/suratkhabarbaru/11817

https://t.me/suratkhabarbaru/11812

https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=10239609927726049&id=1226573927



https://youtu.be/z_8296Y6ZD4?si=AaxL_AgPTRmeFjhf

WHY PASSING THE TURING TEST NO LONGER PROVES INTELLIGENCEby AZLAN ADNAN, M.A.Wednesday, 8 October 2025https://youtu.be/z_8296Y6ZD4?si=AaxL_AgPTRmeFjhf⸻ https...

MANGO LEAVES AND BRAIN HEALTH: WHAT THE SCIENCE REALLY SAYSMangifera indica leavesby AZLAN ADNAN, M.A.Friday, 3 October ...
03/10/2025

MANGO LEAVES AND BRAIN HEALTH: WHAT THE SCIENCE REALLY SAYS
Mangifera indica leaves

by AZLAN ADNAN, M.A.
Friday, 3 October 2025

https://youtu.be/vus_qXgm2Hs



Mango leaves, long used in traditional medicine across South and Southeast Asia, are now drawing scientific attention for their potential effects on brain health. The interest centres on mangiferin, a polyphenolic compound found in high concentrations in the leaves.

It is believed to support cognitive function, mood regulation, and neuroprotection. Modern research has moved beyond folklore. Human trials are beginning to probe whether standardised mango leaf extracts can sharpen cognition, improve mood, or promote long-term neuroprotection.

These trials typically use extracts standardised for mangiferin, often branded as Zynamite® or Stadice®.

EVIDENCE FROM HUMAN TRIALS

Several controlled human studies have explored the acute cognitive effects of mango leaf extracts. In one double-blind, placebo-controlled study, a 3 mg dose of mango leaf extract (≥60% mangiferin) improved attention and episodic memory within hours of ingestion.

EEG recordings confirmed changes consistent with central nervous system activation. Other trials using soluble formulations at 100–150 mg reported faster reaction times and lower mental fatigue in young adults performing demanding tasks.

Additional studies with Stadice® observed improvements in verbal learning, working memory, and stress management. Across all studies, short-term dosing was well tolerated. No serious adverse events were reported.

HOW MANGO LEAF EXTRACT MIGHT WORK

The biological mechanisms are still being investigated. Mangiferin acts as a potent antioxidant and modulator of inflammatory processes. Both functions are relevant to brain ageing. Preclinical research suggests mangiferin can upregulate Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF).

BDNF is crucial for neuroplasticity, learning, and memory.

Higher BDNF levels are associated with resilience to stress and protection against neurodegeneration. Imaging studies hint that mango leaf extract may influence cerebral blood flow during cognitive tasks. This may partly explain observed improvements in attention and processing speed.

LIMITATIONS AND GAPS

Despite promising findings, caution is warranted. Most studies are acute, single-dose experiments rather than long-term interventions.

Sample sizes are small, often fewer than 50 participants. Many studies are industry-sponsored. Independent replication is essential before firm conclusions can be drawn. Long-term trials, particularly in populations at risk of cognitive decline, are still lacking.

IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSUMERS

In addition to their potential cognitive benefits, mango leaves have culinary applications in Southeast Asian cuisines. In Malaysia, young mango leaf shoots are eaten raw as part of ulam, a traditional Malay salad served with sambal belacan and rice. Sambal belacan is a spicy condiment made from chili peppers, shrimp paste, and lime juice, which adds zest to the fresh leaves.

In Filipino cuisine, ikan kembong (mackerel) is sometimes wrapped in mango leaves and boiled in vinegar. This method imparts a subtle, aromatic flavor to the fish. It is similar to pinangat na isda, a Filipino dish where fish is stewed with tomatoes and a souring agent like unripe mangoes or tamarind.

These culinary practices highlight the versatility of mango leaves beyond potential health benefits. Consumers can enjoy mango leaves in traditional dishes while exploring their cognitive support properties. However, these uses are traditional and may not have been extensively studied scientifically. It is wise to approach culinary use with awareness of food safety and dietary suitability.

CONCLUSION

The case for mango leaves in brain health is intriguing but not yet definitive. Standardised extracts appear to deliver short-term boosts in cognitive performance. Plausible biological underpinnings include antioxidant action and BDNF upregulation.

Whether these benefits translate into lasting neuroprotection or clinical treatment of cognitive disorders remains to be seen. For now, mango leaves offer a glimpse of how traditional botanicals and modern neuroscience can intersect.



REFERENCES

Acute effects of mango leaf extract on cognitive function in healthy adults: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11043474/

Acute supplementation of soluble mango leaf extract (Zynamite® S) improves mental performance and mood
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12030201/

Assessment of efficacy and safety of Mangifera indica extract (Stadice®) for cognitive function
https://www.cureus.com/articles/269718-assessment-of-efficacy-and-safety-of-mangifera-indica-extract-stadice-for-cognitive-function-a-randomized-double-blind-placebo-controlled-study

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https://youtu.be/vus_qXgm2Hs?si=IoQ6_p1GClgSCqil

MANGO LEAVES AND BRAIN HEALTH: WHAT THE SCIENCE REALLY SAYSby AZLAN ADNANFriday, 3 Oct 2025https://youtu.be/vus_qXgm2Hs ⸻Mangifera indica leaves, long used i...

WHITE CANE SAFETY DAYWednesday, 15 October 20251200 to 1430 hrsSalad Atelier @ KPMG TowerCome Celebrate with WFPB & RAW ...
02/10/2025

WHITE CANE SAFETY DAY
Wednesday, 15 October 2025
1200 to 1430 hrs
Salad Atelier @ KPMG Tower

Come Celebrate with
WFPB & RAW FOOD ADVOCATE
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ALL-YOU-CAN-EAT SALAD BAR
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WHITE CANE SAFETY DAY EVENTS | 15 & 18 OCTOBER 2025https://youtu.be/gtAIaKnHNeo?si=mKlF0YDf_ydu10Yo ⸻FULL DETAILS OF MY ...
30/09/2025

WHITE CANE SAFETY DAY EVENTS | 15 & 18 OCTOBER 2025

https://youtu.be/gtAIaKnHNeo?si=mKlF0YDf_ydu10Yo



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If you donate morevthan the stated minimum donation amount, you can attend one of the events. Proceeds will go towards payimgbfor my various eye treatments — wharever balance after payimg for the food, venue/facility rental and other incidentals.



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WHITE CANE SAFETY DAY EVENTS | 15 & 18 OCTOBER 2025https://youtu.be/gtAIaKnHNeo?si=mKlF0YDf_ydu10Yo ⸻FULL DETAILS OF MY UP-COMING EVENTShttps://t.me/vegevore...

29/09/2025

SMALL FIBRE NEUROPATHY (SFN)

by AZLAN ADNAN, M.A.
Tuesday, 30 September 2025



DEFINITION

Small Fibre Neuropathy (SFN) is a neurological disorder affecting the small cutaneous nerve fibres responsible for pain, temperature sensation, and autonomic functions such as sweating, gut motility, and cardiovascular regulation.

Unlike large-fibre neuropathies, SFN often evades detection on standard nerve conduction studies, making diagnosis challenging. Skin biopsy to measure intraepidermal nerve fibre density and specialised autonomic testing are the current diagnostic standards.

SYMPTOMS

Patients typically report burning, stabbing, tingling, or electric-shock sensations, most often beginning in the feet and hands.

Impaired temperature perception is common. In some cases, autonomic involvement produces dry eyes and mouth, abnormal sweating, dizziness on standing, or gastrointestinal and bladder dysfunction.

CAUSES

A wide spectrum of underlying conditions may trigger SFN:

• Metabolic: Diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, metabolic syndrome.

• Autoimmune: Sjögren’s syndrome, lupus, sarcoidosis, coeliac disease.

• Infectious: HIV, hepatitis C, Lyme disease.

• Toxic/Drug-related: Chemotherapy, alcohol misuse, antibiotics, antivirals.

• Nutritional: Deficiencies of vitamins B12, B1, B6, or E.

• Genetic: Mutations in sodium channel genes (SCN9A, SCN10A, SCN11A).

• Idiopathic: In up to half of cases, no cause is identified.

TREATMENT OPTIONS

Management follows two main tracks:

1. Addressing the underlying cause – controlling blood sugar in diabetes, correcting vitamin deficiencies, discontinuing toxic drugs, instituting gluten-free diets for coeliac disease, or treating infectious and autoimmune triggers.

2. Symptomatic relief – neuropathic pain is managed with gabapentin, pregabalin, duloxetine, venlafaxine, tricyclic antidepressants, and topical agents such as lidocaine or capsaicin. Non-drug strategies include physiotherapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and lifestyle measures such as regular exercise, good sleep hygiene, and stress management. In autoimmune-related cases, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or corticosteroids may be considered.

PROGNOSIS

Outcomes vary depending on the cause and timing of intervention.

• Favourable prognosis: Vitamin deficiencies, gluten-sensitive enteropathy, toxin-induced neuropathy, and early metabolic dysfunction often improve significantly once the cause is corrected.

• Intermediate prognosis: Autoimmune-related and infectious causes respond variably to treatment, with some patients stabilising while others relapse. Idiopathic cases may remain stable for years or slowly progress.

• Less favourable prognosis: Genetic sodium channel mutations, long-standing uncontrolled diabetes, and cases with severe autonomic dysfunction tend to be chronic, requiring lifelong symptom management.

In general, SFN is not life-threatening but can substantially impair quality of life. With appropriate management, many patients achieve meaningful symptom control and functional stability.

CONCLUSION

Small Fibre Neuropathy presents a complex clinical picture, spanning reversible, stable, and chronic-progressive forms. Identifying treatable causes early is crucial, as intervention can arrest or even reverse nerve damage. Where cure is not possible, comprehensive pain control and lifestyle adaptation can still preserve independence and well-being.

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Come Celebrate WORLD VEGETARIAN DAYwith WHOLE FOOD & RAW FOOD ADVOCATEAZLAN ADNAN, MAInvitation by Minimum Donation: RM2...
29/09/2025

Come Celebrate
WORLD VEGETARIAN DAY
with
WHOLE FOOD & RAW FOOD ADVOCATE
AZLAN ADNAN, MA
Invitation by Minimum Donation: RM200
Date: Wednesday, 1 October 2025
Time: 1200 to 1430 hrs
Venue:
Indulge Coffee House (by M World Hotel PJ)
Ground Floor
M World Hotel
1 Persiaran Bandar Utama
Bandar Utama
47800 PETALING JAYA
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SMOKING IN MALAYSIA:Declared Haram but Almost Never Enforced.Why?by AZLAN ADNAN, M.A.Saturday, 20 September 2025https://...
20/09/2025

SMOKING IN MALAYSIA:
Declared Haram but Almost Never Enforced.
Why?

by AZLAN ADNAN, M.A.
Saturday, 20 September 2025

https://youtu.be/rzB7XwJs5z8?si=FfvX7Xit20Kp3q24

Full Transcript
http://youtube.com/post/Ugkx41dag3RznXaP60zxKtnWVM2-rF2qSZ6z?si=Vxwd9nb0bOHCzxZ4



National Fatwas on Smoking

The issue of whether smoking is permissible for Muslims in Malaysia has long been settled by authoritative religious rulings.

On 23 March 1995, the Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Agama Islam Malaysia convened its 37th meeting.

The council declared unequivocally that smoking is haram (forbidden) in Islam, reasoning that smoking is harmful to health and thus falls within the prohibition of self-destruction.

This decision was subsequently mirrored at the state level.

For example, Selangor gazetted its fatwa on 7 December 1995 under the Enakmen Pentadbiran Perundangan Islam 1989, making smoking officially haram for Muslims in the state.

Similarly, Kelantan issued and gazetted its fatwa in 2015 under the Enakmen Majlis Agama Islam Dan Adat Istiadat Melayu Kelantan 1994, explicitly prohibiting both ci******es and sh**ha.

The fatwa councils have not limited their scope to conventional ci******es.

In 2013, sh**ha smoking was declared haram nationwide.

On 22 December 2015, the National Fatwa Council expanded the prohibition to include electronic ci******es and va**ng, again citing harm, wastefulness, and the absence of benefits.

The Health Burden vs Tax Revenue

The health burden from smoking and va**ng in Malaysia is enormous.

The Ministry of Health and WHO estimate that the direct health-care cost for non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes, exceeded RM 9.65 billion in 2017. Tobacco-related illnesses such as lung cancer, COPD, ischemic heart disease and asthma contribute heavily to this.

For va**ng-related lung injury (Evali), it is projected that by 2030 the treatment cost could reach RM 369 million a year, while v**e tax revenue is expected at about RM 500 million. But this does not account for the broader disease burden, which multiplies the real cost to the nation.

Meanwhile tax revenue from ci******es is much lower than the health-care costs they generate.

In 2020 Malaysia collected about RM 3 billion in to***co taxes, but spent about RM 6.2 billion treating three major smoking-related illnesses. In 2010, treatment costs already exceeded RM 3.83 billion, almost equal to the RM 3.62 billion raised in cigarette taxes. Each ringgit collected in to***co tax may demand multiple ringgit in health expenditure.

Hypocrisy in Enforcement

Despite the clarity of these fatwas, smoking among Muslims in Malaysia remains widespread.

The contradiction is glaring: if something is declared haram, one would expect meaningful enforcement, yet ci******es continue to be openly sold and consumed, even outside mosques and in public spaces.

The hypocrisy lies in the disconnect between religious rulings and state enforcement.

JAKIM and the various state religious councils issue strong prohibitions, yet they stop short of policing them with the same vigour applied to other moral offences.

Fatwas against smoking exist on paper, but without consistent legal enforcement, they remain toothless.

Selective Morality

This selective enforcement is what makes the situation most indefensible.

Religious authorities have shown they can act decisively in prosecuting khalwat, alcohol consumption, or non-conformity in dress.

Yet when it comes to smoking—an act declared haram by the highest Islamic body in the land—no raids, summonses, or public shaming campaigns are seen.

Instead, the authorities look away, and smoking is normalised among Muslims, including civil servants, teachers, and even mosque congregants.

The Double Standard

The commercial interests at stake are obvious.

The to***co industry contributes billions of ringgit in tax revenue.

Enforcing the fatwa would mean confronting not only addicted individuals but also powerful corporations and entrenched fiscal dependence.

It is easier, politically and financially, to target powerless individuals caught in khalwat than to challenge multinational to***co companies and government reliance on their revenue streams.

This exposes a deep double standard.

Islam is invoked when it comes to policing private morality, but conveniently sidelined when enforcement threatens state coffers or commercial lobbies.

Fatwas become instruments of selective morality rather than consistent principles.

The credibility of religious institutions suffers when they are seen to act against the weak but not against entrenched economic interests.

Conclusion

It is a paradox that in a country where Islamic credentials are so often displayed in the political arena, the prohibition of smoking is treated as symbolic rather than substantive.

Why issue fatwas at all if they are destined to be ignored in practice?

The silence and inaction of JAKIM and other agencies raise hard questions about priorities, consistency, and the sincerity of applying Islamic law in public life.



References

• National Fatwa Council, Muzakarah Ke-37, 23 March 1995:
https://infosihat.moh.gov.my/images/isusemasa/Bahaya_Merokok/29_Pos_MerokokAdalahHaram_Web.pdf

• M***i Wilayah Persekutuan, Bayan Linnas Siri Ke-18: Merokok, Hukum dan Penyelesaiannya:
https://www.muftiwp.gov.my/ms/artikel/bayan-linnas/2634-bayan-linnas-siri-ke-18-merokok-hukum-dan-penyelesaiannya

• Fatwa Kelantan, Rokok dan Sh**ha:
https://mufti.kelantan.gov.my/index.php/component/content/article/fatwa-tentang-hukum-menghisap-rokok-dan-sh**ha-dari-pandangan-islam?Itemid=101&catid=9

• Fatwa on va**ng, National Fatwa Council, 2015 (The Straits Times):
https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysias-fatwa-council-declares-electronic-ci******es-as-haram-or-forbidden

• Sh**ha ban, Fatwa Committee, 2013 (Malay Mail):
https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2013/07/19/fatwa-committee-declares-sh**ha-haram-for-muslims/497379

• WHO / Ministry of Health Malaysia, annual health care cost of NCDs in Malaysia:
https://www.who.int/malaysia/news/detail/09-08-2022-the-annual-health-care-cost-of-cardiovascular-diseases–diabetes-and-cancer-in-malaysia-exceeds-rm-9.65-billion

• Malay Mail, va**ng-related illness cost:
https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2023/11/30/dr-zaliha-govt-expected-to-spend-rm369m-per-year-to-treat-evali-cases/105091

• Business Today, cigarette tax revenue vs leakages:
https://www.businesstoday.com.my/2024/11/10/malaysia-losing-billions-from-cigarette-tax-leakages

• Today Online, cigarette tax vs treatment costs:
https://www.todayonline.com/world/cigarette-tax-cannot-cover-cost-treating-smoking-related-diseases-says-msia-health-ministry

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https://youtu.be/rzB7XwJs5z8

SMOKING IN MALAYSIA:Declared Haram but Almost Never Enforced. Why?by AZLAN ADNAN, M.A.Saturday, 20 September 2025https://youtu.be/rzB7XwJs5z8?si=FfvX7Xit20Kp...

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