Nurse cherryjewels

Nurse cherryjewels I’M NURSE CHERRYJEWELS. BNSC,RN,RM,RPH,BLS,ACLS,PALS AND LOT MORE
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02/12/2025

I don’t know how to feel fr

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A PREGNANT WOMAN DOES NOT TAKE FOLIC ACID SPINA BIFIDA AND FOLATE DEFICIENCY – DETAILED EXPLANATION1. ...
01/12/2025

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A PREGNANT WOMAN DOES NOT TAKE FOLIC ACID

SPINA BIFIDA AND FOLATE DEFICIENCY – DETAILED EXPLANATION

1. What Is Spina Bifida?

Spina bifida is a neural tube defect (NTD) a condition that affects the spine and spinal cord during early pregnancy.
It occurs when the neural tube (the structure that forms the baby’s brain and spinal cord) fails to close completely within the first 3–4 weeks of pregnancy, often before many women even know they are pregnant.

This incomplete closure leaves an opening in the spine, which can lead to nerve damage, movement problems, and, in severe cases, disability.

2. Types of Spina Bifida

a. Spina Bifida Occulta (Mildest Form)
• Means “hidden split spine.”
• The opening in the spine is small and covered by skin.
• Many people may not show symptoms.
• Sometimes a small dimple, patch of hair, or birthmark is seen on the back.

b. Meningocele
• The protective membranes of the spinal cord (meninges) push out through the opening.
• A fluid-filled sac is visible, but the spinal cord is NOT inside it.
• Can often be repaired with surgery and may cause fewer long-term problems.

c. Myelomeningocele (Most Severe Form)
• The spinal cord AND meninges protrude through an opening in the spine.
• Nerves are exposed, causing severe damage.
• It leads to:
• leg weakness or paralysis
• bladder and bowel problems
• possible learning challenges
• hydrocephalus (fluid in the brain)

3. What Causes Spina Bifida?

There is no single cause, but several factors increase the risk:

a. Folate (Folic Acid) Deficiency

This is the number one preventable cause of spina bifida.

b. Genetic Factors

Some families have a higher risk.

c. Certain Medications

Especially anti-seizure drugs like valproic acid.

d. Uncontrolled Diabetes in Pregnancy

e. Obesity

Can increase the risk of neural tube defects.

f. High Body Temperature in Early Pregnancy

Like fever episodes or using hot tubs/saunas excessively.

4. What Is Folate (Folic Acid) Deficiency?

Folate is a natural B-vitamin (Vitamin B9).
Folic acid is its synthetic form found in supplements and fortified foods.

The body needs folic acid to:
• produce healthy cells
• form DNA
• close the neural tube during early pregnancy

When a woman does not have enough folate before conception and early in pregnancy, the baby’s neural tube may fail to close properly — causing spina bifida or other neural tube defects like anencephaly.

5. Why Folate Deficiency Causes Spina Bifida

During the first 28 days of pregnancy, the neural tube forms and closes.
Without adequate folic acid:
• the neural tube closes slowly
• it may remain partially open
• the spinal cord does not form normally

This results in structural defects in the spine.

6. Symptoms and Complications of Spina Bifida

Physical Symptoms
• Weakness or paralysis of legs
• Difficulty walking
• Abnormal foot or leg shape
• Loss of bladder or bowel control

Possible Complications
• Hydrocephalus
• Learning challenges
• Repeated urinary tract infections
• Orthopedic problems (scoliosis, club foot)

7. How Spina Bifida Is Diagnosed

During Pregnancy
• Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) blood test
• Ultrasound scan
• Amniocentesis if needed

After Birth
• Physical examination
• X-ray, MRI or CT scan

8. Prevention of Spina Bifida

This is the most important part, especially for health education.

a. Folic Acid Supplementation

Women of childbearing age should take:
• At least 400 mcg of folic acid daily
• For women who previously had a pregnancy with a neural tube defect, the dose is 4 mg (4000 mcg) daily before conception

Start folic acid at least 3 months before pregnancy and continue throughout the first trimester.

b. Eat Folate-Rich Foods
• Green leafy vegetables
• Beans
• Citrus fruits
• Fortified cereals
• Groundnuts
• Avocado
• Eggs

c. Manage Chronic Illnesses

Proper control of diabetes and epilepsy medications.

d. Maintain Healthy Weight

e. Avoid Excess Heat

Avoid hot tubs or very high fever early in pregnancy.

9. Treatment of Spina Bifida

a. Surgery
• Closing the opening soon after birth
• In some cases, fetal surgery is done before birth

b. Management of complications
• Treatment for hydrocephalus
• Physiotherapy
• Mobility aids
• Bladder and bowel management
• Orthopedic surgery if needed

Spina bifida cannot be “cured,” but early treatment greatly improves quality of life.

10. Key Takeaway for Health Education
• Spina bifida is largely preventable.
• Folic acid before and during early pregnancy is the strongest protection.
• Mothers should not wait until after missing their period to start folic acid — by then the neural tube may have already closed.

Compliments of the season my fam 😍❤️
01/12/2025

Compliments of the season my fam 😍❤️

29/11/2025

Big shout-out to my top fans on a streak 🔥!

Aubreyy Madisonn,
Hunter Criswell,
Cherry Mally,
Pretty Michael,
Araba Arthur,
Blessing Ayomippsi

Traditional E***a: RE**AL PUMP1. What Is a Traditional E***a?A traditional e***a is a liquid preparation introduced into...
29/11/2025

Traditional E***a: RE**AL PUMP

1. What Is a Traditional E***a?

A traditional e***a is a liquid preparation introduced into the re**um through the a**s with the aim of cleansing the bowel, treating certain ailments, or performing cultural/spiritual rituals.
It has been practiced for centuries in many African, Asian, and Caribbean cultures.

The liquids used vary widely and may include:
• Herbal mixtures (e.g., bitter leaf, guava leaf, “agbo,” “oyinbo leaves”)
• Salty water
• Palm oil mixtures
• Ginger, garlic, or local roots
• Soap water (in some communities – and this is very dângerous)

2. Why People Use Traditional E***as

Cultural Reasons
• Considered a method of “cleansing” or “removing toxins”
• Used as part of traditional healing practices
• Used during festivals or rites of passage in some communities
• Given to infants or children for “purging”

Perceived Health Benefits

Some claim it helps with:
• Constipation
• Bloating
• Abdominal pain
• Fever or malaria
• “Worms”
• General detoxifying

However, these benefits are not scientifically proven, and some practices can be harmful.

3. How Traditional E***as Are Prepared

Preparation depends on cultural practices, but it generally involves:
1. Boiling herbs or roots to extract their active substances
2. Cooling the mixture to lukewarm temperature
3. Straining to remove particles
4. Loading the liquid into a calabash, syringe, bulb, or bamboo stem
5. Administering into the re**um

Some communities use non-boiled mixtures or raw herbs, which increases the risk of infection.

4. How Traditional E***as Work in the Body

When the liquid is inserted into the re**um:
• The colon absorbs some of the fluid directly into the bloodstream
• The liquid stimulates intestinal movement
• It causes rapid bowel emptying
• It may irritate the colon lining, leading to a strong urge to defecate

Because of this rapid effect, some people believe the e***a is “effective,” but the body may actually be reacting to irritation or chemical imbalance.

5. Risks and Dangers of Traditional E***as

A. Risks in Adults
1. Electrolyte imbalance
– Can cause low sodium or potassium, leading to weakness, seizures, or collapse.
2. Re**al burns or irritation
– Especially with hot water or harsh herbs.
3. Internal bleeding
4. Infection
– Using non-sterile tools or contaminated water.
5. Perforation of the re**um or colon
– Especially when bamboo or sharp instruments are used.
6. Dependence
– The bowel may become “lazy,” making it hard to pass stool without e***as.
7. Toxicity
– Some herbs contain compounds that are harmful when absorbed into the bloodstream.

B. Risks in Babies and Children (Very High Risk)

Sadly, e***as are still given to babies in some communities, but this is dangerous because:
• Their intestines are delicate
• They can easily absorb toxins
• They can quickly lose fluids
• They can get severe infections or burns
• Some have suffered perforation leading to death

Paediatric bodies are too fragile for these practices.

6. Safer, Evidence-Based Alternatives

For Constipation:
• Increase water intake
• Eat fibre-rich foods (vegetables, fruits, oats, beans)
• Encourage physical activity
• Use doctor-approved laxatives if needed
• Glycerin suppositories (for children, only when recommended)

For Detoxification:

The human body cleanses itself naturally through:
• Liver
• Kidneys
• Lungs
• Skin
• Colon (on its own)

E***as are not required for detox.

7. Why Many Doctors Discourage Traditional E***as

Because the risks outweigh the benefits, especially when:
• The preparation isn’t sterile
• The herbs used are not scientifically studied
• The mixture enters the bloodstream directly
• The re**um or colon gets injured

Health professionals recommend safer, proven treatments instead.
***as

29/11/2025

Benefits of taking chia seeds

28/11/2025

What’s on your mind?

HOW TO PROPERLY WEAR A MALE CÔNDÖM1. Check the expiry date • Look at the packet. • Do NOT use if expired it may tear eas...
28/11/2025

HOW TO PROPERLY WEAR A MALE CÔNDÖM

1. Check the expiry date
• Look at the packet.
• Do NOT use if expired it may tear easily.

2. Check the packet for damage
• Make sure the wrapper is not torn or punctured.
• Feel the condom inside; it should feel soft and flexible, not dry.

3. Open carefully
• Tear from the edge.
• Do NOT use your teeth or sharp objects (nails, scissors, earrings, etc.).

4. Make sure the condom is facing the right direction
• The rim should roll outward like a little hat.
• If it looks like a bowl shape and won’t roll down, it’s the wrong way ,throw it away and use a new one (don’t flip it after touching the p***s).

5. Pinch the tip
• Hold the condom by the tip to leave space for semen collection.
• This prevents it from bursting.

6. Roll it down
• Place the condom on the tip of the erect p***s.
• While still pinching the tip, roll it down all the way to the base.
• Ensure there is no trapped air.

7. Add lubrication (optional but recommended)
• Water-based or silicone l**e only.
• Avoid oil-based products (vaseline, shea butter, lotion) they damage condoms.

8. After sěx remove properly
• Hold the base while withdrawing to prevent slipping.
• Remove before the p***s becomes soft.

9. Dispose
• Tie it, wrap it in tissue, and throw in the bin.
• Do NOT flush down the toilet.

Mothers how do you care for your babies umbilical cord from birth?
28/11/2025

Mothers how do you care for your babies umbilical cord from birth?

Do people still do this kind of thing in this time and era when H!V IS spreading faster than malaria?😳😳THE TRUTH IS 👇🏽👇🏽...
27/11/2025

Do people still do this kind of thing in this time and era when H!V IS spreading faster than malaria?😳😳

THE TRUTH IS 👇🏽👇🏽👇🏽

HIV survives only a short time outside the human body and becomes non-infectious quickly on ordinary surfaces generally minutes to hours although it can last longer in protected liquid environments (for example inside a sealed syringe) where it may remain infectious for days under the right conditions. In practice, transmission from casual contact with surfaces is effectively nonexistent.

Why HIV doesn’t survive well outside the body

HIV is an enveloped virus (it has a lipid membrane). That envelope is fragile . it is easily damaged by drying, heat, sunlight (UV), detergents, and disinfectants. Once the envelope is disrupted the virus cannot enter human cells and therefore cannot cause infection. Two important distinctions that are often confused:
• Detectable virus material ≠ infectious virus. Laboratory tests can detect HIV RNA or proteins long after the virus has lost the ability to infect cells. Detection does not mean the virus could cause infection.
• Infectivity falls quickly once fluid dries. Fresh, liquid blood or body fluid protects the virus; once that fluid dries, infectivity drops rapidly.

How long on different types of surfaces/environments

(These are general, evidence-based patterns rather than exact fixed times.)
• Dry household surfaces (countertops, doorknobs, clothing): Infectious HIV usually survives only minutes to a few hours once the fluid has dried. The drying process and exposure to ambient conditions (temperature, humidity, light) quickly inactivate the virus.
• Small amounts of dried blood on skin: Risk is essentially zero if skin is intact. If there are cuts/abrasions or mucous-membrane contact, the theoretical risk is still extremely low from dried blood because infectivity is reduced by drying.
• Pooled liquid (fresh blood, laboratory specimens) kept moist: Virus can remain infectious longer while in a liquid environment. The exact time depends on temperature and other conditions; infectivity declines faster at higher temperatures and with exposure to sunlight/air.
• Used syringes/needles: This is an important exception. When blood is trapped inside a needle or syringe (airless, protected from drying) HIV can remain infectious much longer measured in days to possibly weeks in some experimental conditions, and survival is greater at lower temperatures. That’s why needle sharing is a known high-risk route of transmission.

Factors that speed up or slow down inactivation
• Speeds inactivation (reduce survival): drying, heat, sunlight/UV, detergents/soaps, bleach and other disinfectants, high pH.
• Preserves infectivity (increase survival): remaining in a protected liquid environment, lower temperatures, absence of disinfectants and sunlight.

Practical implications / infection control
• Casual contact and surfaces: You do not get HIV from hugging, touching surfaces, toilet seats, shared cutlery or clothing. Transmission from environmental surfaces is effectively nonexistent.
• Blood exposure: If you find fresh blood on a surface, clean it with soap and water then disinfect (household bleach diluted 1:10 or other EPA-registered disinfectant) these destroy HIV quickly. Gloves and standard precautions should be used when handling blood.
• Needle-stick or mucous membrane exposure: These are real risks. If you sustain a needle-stick with a used syringe or significant exposure of mucous membranes/broken skin to fresh blood from a person who might be HIV-positive, seek medical evaluation urgently. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) should be started as soon as possible and is usually recommended within 72 hours of exposure the sooner the better.
• Hand hygiene works: Regular handwashing with soap and water or use of alcohol-based sanitizers is effective at removing and inactivating HIV from hands and surfaces.

Takeaway (simple)

HIV doesn’t survive well outside the body: on dry surfaces it loses infectivity quickly (minutes–hours). The main exceptions are when infected blood remains liquid and protected (e.g., inside a syringe), where the virus can survive much longer and transmission is possible. For any real exposure (needle-stick, body-fluid splash to eyes/mouth, or broken-skin contact with fresh blood), get medical advice right away.

BUT PLEASE VOOM KA MMA KARIA STATEMENT MEANING THAT PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE

Ophthalmia Neonatorum (Newborn Eye Infection)What Is Ophthalmia Neonatorum?Ophthalmia neonatorum is a severe eye infecti...
27/11/2025

Ophthalmia Neonatorum (Newborn Eye Infection)

What Is Ophthalmia Neonatorum?

Ophthalmia neonatorum is a severe eye infection that occurs in newborns within the first 28 days of life.
It presents as eye redness, swelling of the eyelids, and pus-like discharge.
It is a serious condition because, if not treated early, it can lead to corneal damage and permanent blindness.

Causes

The infection is usually caused by organisms acquired during childbirth, especially when the mother has an untreated infection. The major causes include:

a. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
• Causes the most rapid and severe form.
• Symptoms usually appear within 2–5 days after birth.
• Can cause corneal ulceration and blindness quickly if untreated.

b. Chlamydia trachomatis
• Most common cause worldwide.
• Symptoms appear 5–14 days after birth.
• May accompany pneumonia in infants.

c. Other Causes
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Streptococcus species
• Herpes simplex virus (HSV) — can be life-threatening
• Chemical irritation from antiseptics (rare nowadays)

How It Happens (Pathophysiology)

During vaginal delivery, if the mother has an untreated sexually transmitted infection, the baby’s eyes become exposed to the organisms.
These pathogens multiply rapidly in the conjunctiva, causing:
• Inflammation
• Swelling of the eyelids
• Pus production
• Potential corneal damage

Gonococcal infection is particularly aggressive, destroying eye tissue within hours if not managed promptly.

Signs and Symptoms

Newborns with ophthalmia neonatorum may present with:
• Red eyes
• Swollen, puffy eyelids
• Thick yellow or green discharge
• Difficulty opening eyelids
• Irritable baby due to discomfort

The timing of onset helps identify the cause:
• 2–5 days → Likely gonorrhea
• 5–14 days → Likely chlamydia
• Immediate redness → Could be chemical irritation

Treatment

Treatment depends on the cause, but should start immediately,don’t wait for lab results in severe cases.

a. Gonococcal Infection
• IV or IM ceftriaxone
• Clean eyes with warm saline frequently
• Treat mother and her partner

b. Chlamydial Infection
• Oral erythromycin or azithromycin
• Topical treatment alone is not enough
• Treat mother and partner

c. Other Bacterial Causes
• Topical antibiotics such as tetracycline or erythromycin ointment

d. Herpes Infection
• IV acyclovir urgently
• Manage as a medical emergency

Prevention

This is the most important aspect.

a. Antenatal Screening
• Pregnant women should be screened and treated for STIs early in pregnancy.

b. Good Maternal Hygiene
• Ensure healthy vaginal environment before delivery.

c. Routine Newborn Eye Prophylaxis

Most countries apply antibiotic ointment immediately after birth to prevent infection.
Common prophylaxis includes:
• Tetracycline eye ointment
• Erythromycin eye ointment

d. Proper Delivery Practices
• Clean delivery environment
• Avoid harmful substances or traditional eye applications

Complications (If untreated)
• Corneal ulceration
• Perforation of the cornea
• Permanent blindness
• Spread of infection to the bloodstream (gonococcal sepsis)


FB: please this is solely for educational purposes

26/11/2025

My hubby’s reaction to his birthday gift 🤣🤣

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