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19/03/2024

Breast cancer originates in your breast tissue. It occurs when breast cells mutate (change) and grow out of control, creating a mass of tissue (tumor). Like other cancers, breast cancer can invade and grow into the tissue surrounding your breast. It can also travel to other parts of your body and form new tumors. When this happens, it’s called metastasis.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women, second only to skin cancer. It’s most likely to affect women over the age of 50.

Though rare, men can also develop breast cancer. Approximately 2,600 men develop male breast cancer every year in the United States, making up less than 1% of all cases.

Transgender women are more likely to develop breast cancer compared to cisgender men. Additionally, transgender men are less likely to develop breast cancer compared to cisgender women.

Breast cancer is most often diagnosed in adults over the age of 50, but it can occur at any age.

Overall, women who are non-Hispanic white have a slightly higher chance of developing breast cancer than women of any other race or ethnicity. Women who are non-Hispanic Black are almost as likely as non-Hispanic white women to develop the disease. Statistically, women who are Asian, Hispanic or Native American are the least likely to develop breast cancer.

Breast cancer originates in your breast tissue. It occurs when breast cells mutate (change) and grow out of control, creating a mass of tissue (tumor). Like other cancers, breast cancer can invade and grow into the tissue surrounding your breast. It can also travel to other parts of your body and form new tumors. When this happens, it’s called metastasis.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women, second only to skin cancer. It’s most likely to affect women over the age of 50.

Though rare, men can also develop breast cancer. Approximately 2,600 men develop male breast cancer every year in the United States, making up less than 1% of all cases.

19/03/2024

31/01/2024

Dm for price

06/01/2024

NB:

Cirrhosis: Hardening of an organ, usually the liver. Cirrhosis of the liver is a progressive disease which leads to destruction of liver cells, interference with blood flow in the liver, and interference with the function of the liver.
Palpitations: Throbbing or pulsation. Heart palpitations usually infer an irregular or rapid rhythm.
Polycythemia vera: A chronic disorder characterized by increased red blood cell mass and other malfunctions of the blood system. It most commonly occurs in males of Jewish ancestry between the ages of 40 and 60.
Systemic: Relating to a system, or especially the entire system.
Systemic lupus erythematosus: A connective tissue disease that results in fever, weakness, fatigue, joint pain and arthritis.
Ulcerations: Breaks in skin or mucous membranes that are often accompanied by loss of tissue on the surface.

06/01/2024

Treatments

Possibly splenic ablation (splenectomy or radiation therapy)In secondary hypersplenism, the underlying disease must be treated to prevent further sequestration or destruction of blood cells, and possible spleen enlargement. Those therapies will be tried prior to removal of the spleen (splenectomy ), which is avoided if possible. In severe cases, the spleen must be removed. Splenectomy will correct the effects of low blood cell concentrations in the blood.
Vaccination for splenectomized patientsBecause the intact spleen protects against serious infections with encapsulated bacteria, splenectomy should be avoided whenever possible, and patients undergoing splenectomy require vaccinationagainst infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae.

06/01/2024

Hypersplenism
a premature destruction of blood cells by the spleen
Hypersplenism is an overactive spleen. The spleen is an organ found in the upper left side of your abdomen. The spleen helps filter old and damaged cells from your bloodstream. If your spleen is overactive, it removes the blood cells too early and too quickly. The spleen plays a key role in helping your body fight infections. Problems with the spleen can make you more likely to develop infections.

05/11/2023

05/11/2023

Soyabeans powder for adults and babies available

24/09/2023

PREVENTION

While you can’t prevent breast cancer altogether, there are certain things you can do to reduce your risk of discovering it at an advanced stage. For example:

- Get routine mammograms. The American Cancer Society recommends having a baseline mammogram at age 35, and a screening mammogram every year after age 40.

- Examine your breasts every month after age 20. You’ll become familiar with the contours and feel of your breasts and will be more alert to changes.

- Have your breasts examined by a healthcare provider at least once every three years after age 20, and every year after age 40. Clinical breast exams can detect lumps that mammograms may not find.

NB:-
People with early-stage breast cancer often manage their condition successfully with treatment. In fact, many people who’ve received a breast cancer diagnosis go on to live long, fulfilling lives. Late-stage breast cancer is more difficult to treat, however, and can be fatal.

In addition to having routine checkups and mammograms, you should call your healthcare provider if you notice any changes in your breasts.

24/09/2023

CAUSES OF BREAST CANCER

Breast cancer develops when abnormal cells in your breast divide and multiply. But experts don’t know exactly what causes this process to begin in the first place.

However, research indicates that are several risk factors that may increase your chances of developing breast cancer. These include:

Age. Being 55 or older increases your risk for breast cancer.
S*x. Women are much more likely to develop breast cancer than men.
Family history and genetics. If you have parents, siblings, children or other close relatives who’ve been diagnosed with breast cancer, you’re more likely to develop the disease at some point in your life. About 5% to 10% of breast cancers are due to single abnormal genes that are passed down from parents to children, and that can be discovered by genetic testing.
Smoking. To***co use has been linked to many different types of cancer, including breast cancer.
Alcohol use. Research indicates that drinking alcohol can increase your risk for certain types of breast cancer.
Obesity. Having obesity can increase your risk of breast cancer and breast cancer recurrence.
Radiation exposure. If you’ve had prior radiation therapy — especially to your head, neck or chest — you’re more likely to develop breast cancer.
Hormone replacement therapy. People who use hormone replacement therapy (HRT) have a higher risk of being diagnosed with breast cancer.
There are many other factors that can increase your chances of developing breast cancer.

24/09/2023

- Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Making up about 15% of all cases, triple negative breast cancer is one of the most challenging breast cancers to treat. It’s called triple negative because it doesn’t have three of the markers associated with other types of breast cancer. This makes prognosis and treatment difficult.
- Inflammatory breast cancer. Rare and aggressive, this type of cancer resembles an infection. People with inflammatory breast cancer usually notice redness, swelling, pitting and dimpling of their breast skin. It’s caused by obstructive cancer cells in their skin’s lymph vessels.
- Paget’s disease of the breast. This cancer affects the skin of your ni**le and ar**la (the skin around your ni**le).

THE EARLY SIGNS OF BREAST CANCER

Breast cancer symptoms can vary for each person. Possible signs of breast cancer include:

A change in the size, shape or contour of your breast.
A mass or lump, which may feel as small as a pea.
A lump or thickening in or near your breast or in your underarm that persists through your menstrual cycle.
A change in the look or feel of your skin on your breast or ni**le (dimpled, puckered, scaly or inflamed).
Redness of your skin on your breast or ni**le.
An area that’s distinctly different from any other area on either breast.
A marble-like hardened area under your skin.
A blood-stained or clear fluid discharge from your ni**le.
Some people don’t notice any signs of breast cancer at all. That’s why routine mammograms and are so important.

24/09/2023

Transgender women are more likely to develop breast cancer compared to cisgender men. Additionally, transgender men are less likely to develop breast cancer compared to cisgender women.

Breast cancer is most often diagnosed in adults over the age of 50, but it can occur at any age.

Overall, women who are non-Hispanic white have a slightly higher chance of developing breast cancer than women of any other race or ethnicity. Women who are non-Hispanic Black are almost as likely as non-Hispanic white women to develop the disease. Statistically, women who are Asian, Hispanic or Native American are the least likely to develop breast cancer.

TYPES OF BREAST CANCER

There are several different types of breast cancer, including:

- Infiltrating (invasive) ductal carcinoma. Starting in your milk ducts of your breast, this cancer breaks through the wall of your duct and spreads to surrounding breast tissue. Making up about 80% of all cases, this is the most common type of breast cancer.
- Ductal carcinoma in situ. Also called Stage 0 breast cancer, ductal carcinoma in situ is considered by some to be precancerous because the cells haven’t spread beyond your milk ducts. This condition is very treatable. However, prompt care is necessary to prevent the cancer from becoming invasive and spreading to other tissues.
- Infiltrating (invasive) lobular carcinoma. This cancer forms in the lobules of your breast (where breast milk production takes place) and has spread to surrounding breast tissue. It accounts for 10% to 15% of breast cancers.
- Lobular carcinoma in situ is a precancerous condition in which there are abnormal cells in the lobules of your breast. It isn't a true cancer, but this marker can indicate the potential for breast cancer later on. So, it’s important for women with lobular carcinoma in situ to have regular clinical breast exams and mammograms.

15/09/2023

*Vital signs monitoring*

Vital signs monitoring is an essential aspect of healthcare, providing crucial information about a patient's health status.

The four vital signs that are typically monitored include blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature.

These measurements provide healthcare professionals with valuable insights into a patient's overall health and can help identify potential medical issues.

Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of arteries as it flows through the body. High blood pressure can lead to serious health problems such as heart disease and stroke.

Monitoring blood pressure regularly can help detect high blood pressure early on and allow for prompt treatment.

Heart rate refers to the number of times the heart beats per minute. A normal resting heart rate ranges from 60-100 beats per minute.

An irregular or abnormal heart rate can indicate underlying medical conditions such as arrhythmia or heart disease.
Respiratory rate measures how many breaths.