Pharm Chidi Obioha

15/10/2024

21/04/2024

This page is very interesting and educative.

19/04/2024

Good day my people and hope everything is going well. Please watch out for my next post and remember to share this page with friends, fans and groups. Thank you all

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Medical and health counselor

17/02/2022

Very educative,Please watch and learn.

27/01/2022

No 8

MALARIA
Definition; This is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects human and other animals.
Malaria causes symtoms that typically includes; fever, tiredness, vomiting and headache. In severe cases it can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma or death.
Symtoms usually begin ten to fifteen days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. If not properly treated, people may have references of the disease months later. In those who have recently survived an infection, reinfection usually causes milder symtoms. The partial resistance disappears over months to years if the person has no continuing exposure to mosquito bites.
Malaria is caused by single- celled microorganisms of plasmodium groups, it's spread exclusively through bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. The mosquito bite introduces the parasites from the mosquito' s saliva into a person's blood. The parasites travel to the liver where they mature and reproduce.
Five species of plasmodium can infect and spread by humans.
Most deaths are caused by P. falciparium, whereas P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae generally cause a milder form of malaria. The species P. knowlesi rarely cause disease in humans.

PREVENTION
Mosquito nets, insects repellent, mosquito control and medications.

TREATMENT:
Malaria is treated with antimalarial medications, the ones used depends on the type and severity if the disease. While medications against fever are commonly used, their effects on outcomes are not clear. Providing free antimalarial drugs to households may reduce childhood deaths when used appropriately.

Uncomplicated Malaria and severe/complicated malaria;
Simple or uncomplicated malaria may be treated with oral medications while severe /complicated can be treated with intravenous use of antimalarials.
Artemisinin in combination with other antimalarials (known as Artemisinin combination therapy or ACT) is about 90% effective when used to treat uncomplicated malaria.

Contact me for more information
Pharm J C Obioha 27/1/2022

05/12/2021

No 7

HEART ATTACK

A heart attack occur when the flow of blood to the heart is blocked. The blockage is most often a build up fats , cholesterol and other substances which form a plague in the arteries that feed the heart (Coronary arteries).
Sometimes, a plague can rupture and form a clot that blocks flow. The interrupted blood flow can damage or destroys part of the heart muscle.

SYMPTOMS

- Fatigue
- Shortness of breath
- Cold sweat
- Nausea, indigestion, heartburn or abdominal pains
- Pressure, tightness, pain or a squeezing or aching sensation in your chest or arms
- Lightheadedness or sudden dizziness.

RISK FACTORS

- AGE: Men, age of 45 or above and women age of 55 and above are more likely to have a heart attack than younger men and women.
- To***co; This includes smoking and long term exposure to secondhand smoke.
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol or triglyceride levels
- Diabetes
- Family history of heart attacks
- Lack of physical activity
- Metabolic syndrome
- Stress
- Illicit drug abuse

COMPLICATIONS

It means damage done to the heart during a hear attack, which can lead to;
- Arryhytmias
- Heart failure
- Sudden cardiac arrest

PREVENTION
It's never too late to take steps to prevent a heart, even if you have already had one.. Here are ways to prevent a heart attack.
1 Taking medications
2 Lifestyle factors etc

Pharm J C Obioha 5/12/22

10/10/2021

No 6

SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

This is one of a group of disorders known as sickle cell disease. Sickle cell anemia is an inherited red blood cells disorder in which there aren't enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout your body.
Normally, the flexibility, round red blood cells move easily through blood vessels. In sickle cell anemia, the red blood cells are shaped like sickles or crescent moons. These rigid, sticky cells can get stuck in small blood vessels, which can slow or block blood flow and oxygen to parts of the body.
There's no cure for most people with sickle cell anemia but treatments can relieve pains and help prevent complications associated with the disease.

SYMPTOMS
1 Anemia
2 Episodes of pains
3 Swelling of hands and feet
4 Frequent infections
5 Delayed growth or puberty
6 Vision problems
Sickle cell anemia is usually diagnosed in infancy through new born screening programs. If you or your child develops any of the symptoms, seek emergency medical care.

CAUSES
Sickle cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the genes that tells your body to make the iron compound that makes blood red and enables the red blood cells to carry oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body (hemoglobin) causes red blood cells to become rigid, and sticky.
Both father and mother must pass the defective form of the gene for a child to be affected.

LIFESTYLES AND HOME REMEDIES
1 Take folic acid supplements and choose a healthy diets.
2 Drink plenty of water
3 Avoid extreme temperature
4 Avoid mosquitoes bite
5 Exercise regularly but don't over do it.

PREVENTIONS
If you carry the sickle cell trait (AS) seeing a Pharmacist before trying to conceive/marry can help you understand your risk of having a child with sickle cell anemia.

Genotypes
Man. Woman
AA. AA. Excellent
AA. AS. Very good
AA. SS. Good
AS. AS. Avoid it
SS. SS. Too bad

Pharm J C Obioha 10/10/21

03/10/2021

No 5

ANTIBIOTICS MISUSE

Antibiotics misuse, sometimes called antibiotics abuse or antibiotics overuse refers to the misuse or overuse of antibiotics with potentially serious effects on health. It's a contributing factor to the development of antibiotics resistance including creation of multi-drug resistance bacteria, informally called 'Super bug' relatively harmless bacteria (such as Staphylococcus, Enterococcus and acinetobacter) can develop resistance to multiple antibiotics and cause life threatening effection .

MOST ABUSED ANTIBIOTICS
1 Ampicillin+Cloxacillin (Ampiclox). Others Amoxicillin+Clavulanic (Augmentin) , Fluconazole, Erythromycin etc
AMPICLOX. Many young Men and Women ignorantly take Ampiclox after an unprotective s*x in order to avoid pregnancy or infections, some even take one capsules anytime its needed without knowing that this Ampiclox should be taken 1 tds( three times daily). This is a drug abuse that can cause more harm to abusers.
CONCLUSION. Consult your Pharmacist before taking any antibiotics.

Pharm J C Obioha 03/10/2021

24/09/2021

Medical and health counselor

23/09/2021

NO 4

TOPIC; FOOD POISONING

Often occurs and may be due to many causes. Botulism is food poisoning caused by Clostridium botulinum. It is the most common and can be fatal if not vigorously treated.
Bacterial food poisoning is caused by toxins produced by organisms like staphylococcus while chemical food poisoning arises from chemical like cadmium from the food container. I will start with bacterial poisoning while others will be discussed later.

1 BACTERIAL POISONING
Some bacterial organisms, particularly staphylococcus, produce toxins in food kept at a warm temperature. Clostridium perfringens and Bacillus cereus spores also produce toxins during growth which cause food poisoning. The food commonly contaminated inclues suasage, salad, dried meat, fish and milk products.
The effect of the toxins is limited by the facts that the organism does not normally grow in the presence of normal intestinal flora.
The principal acute effects of bacterial food poisoning are vomiting and diarrhea which may appear 1 to 6 hours after food consumption with staphylococcus but up to 22 hours for others. There is also abdominal cramps and, occasionally, mild fever. The symptoms last for 12 to 24 hours before starting to subside.

TREATMENT
The aim in treatment is to control vomiting by giving and antiemetic like chlorpromazine. No fluid should be administered until vomiting is under control. Oral fluid adminstration may be given for 12 to 24 hours before initiating the normal food intake. Dextrose saline 5% by IV is given when the vomiting and diarrhea are severe . Recovery usually occur within 48 hours.

For more information contact me
Pharm J. C Obioha 23/09/21

14/09/2021

No 3

NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL TOXINS
We will be discussing an important topic and we need to read and ask questions.

TOPIC: SCORPION STINGS
A number of species of scorpion are poisonous and the stings can cause a lot of pain and discomfort. One of the most poisonous ones is Androctonus Australis whose venoms has caused the death of children in Sudan. There are reports of deaths in children mostly under 6 years of age in the USA. It's not known how many deaths occur in Nigeria as a result of scorpion sting. Scorpion sting is no doubt an environmental hazard.
The sting produces a burning sensation at the site of the sting and this spreads to extremities. In severe cases, the symptoms include spasm in the throat, restlessness and abdominal cramps. Others are muscular fibrillation, convulsion, cardiac arrhythmia, pulmonary oedema and respiratory failure. The symptoms may last for up to a day or two.

TREATMENT
The patient and the bitten part are immobilized and a constiction band applied as in a snake bite .
Cold pack (10-15°C) applied to the affected part for a few hours helps to reduce the rate of absorption of the venom. Artificial respiration with oxygen may be given if considered necessary.
An injection of calcium gluconate may be administered by slow IVto relieve muscle spasm and local anaesthetic into the area of the sting will reduce pain.
Many scorpion stings are treated at home but it must nlbe remembered that the smaller the pats (eg. Children) the greater the effect.

11/09/2021

No 2

STOMACH ULCER
DEFINITION; This is a painful sore or wound on the walls of the stomach, it results from overproduction of acids in the stomach.
Normally, this stomach (gastric)acid is needed in small quantity for digestion of food we eat, but when acids become too much or overproduced, the excess acid begins to eat up the linings of the stomach thereby causing stomach pains and may lead to stomach bleeding.
The bacterium called Helicopter pylori (H. Pylori) when taken through contaminated foods or water can also injure the walls of the stomach.

CAUSES

1 H. Pylori
2 Pain relieving drugs
3 Diets and lifestyles, not eating on time , too much carbonated drinks.

SYMPTOMS
1 Heartburn
2 Excessive gassing
3 Vomiting blood ( late stage)
4 Blood in stool ( late stage)
5 Stomach and back pains

DIFFERENTIAL TESTS

1 ENDOSCOPY
2 H. pylori

PHARMACIST RECOMMENDATION
Good news, stomach or peptic ulcers are curable. However, for you to treat and cure your ulcer you must take
1 Full responsibility of changing the lifestyles that predispose you to the disease
2 The prescribed medicatios for long duration of one to two months because it will take time for the wound to heal. Many people experience relapse after treatment because they weren't patience enough for the ulcer to heal before they stop their drugs or because they didn't adhere to diets restrictions.

........ Thank you
Please for adequate medications, contact me.

Pharm J C Obioha
11/9/21