27/11/2025
*Causes:*
- *Type 1:* Autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells
- *Type 2:* Insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and lifestyle factors (obesity, inactivity, diet)
- *Gestational:* Hormonal changes during pregnancy
- *Other:* Genetics, medications, pancreatic disease
*Common Symptoms:*
- Increased thirst and urination
- Fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Slow healing wounds
- Tingling or numbness in hands/feet
- Recurring skin, gum, or bladder infections
*Additional Symptoms:*
- Weight loss (type 1)
- Increased hunger
- Darkened skin patches (type 2)
*Complications:*
- *Microvascular:* Nerve damage (neuropathy), kidney damage (nephropathy), eye damage (retinopathy)
- *Macrovascular:* Heart disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease
- *Other:* Foot ulcers, amputations, cognitive decline, pregnancy complications
*Prevention:*
- *Lifestyle Changes:* Healthy diet, regular exercise, weight management
- *Early Detection:* Screening for high-risk individuals
- *Medication Adherence:* Following prescribed treatment plans
- *Healthy Habits:* Not smoking, limiting alcohol, managing stress
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