20/10/2025
*What is Down Syndrome?*
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21. This extra genetic material can cause a range of physical, intellectual, and developmental delays.
*Causes and Risk Factors*
- *Genetic mutation*: Extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21)
- *Advanced maternal age*: Women over 35 are at higher risk
- *Family history*: Having a family member with Down syndrome
*Characteristics and Symptoms*
- *Physical characteristics*: Distinctive facial features, short stature, and low muscle tone
- *Developmental delays*: Delayed speech, language, and cognitive development
- *Intellectual disability*: Varying degrees of cognitive impairment
- *Health issues*: Increased risk of heart defects, vision and hearing problems
*Diagnosis and Treatment*
- *Prenatal testing*: Blood tests and ultrasound scans during pregnancy
- *Postnatal diagnosis*: Physical examination and genetic testing after birth
- *Early intervention*: Speech therapy, occupational therapy, and physical therapy
- *Medical care*: Regular check-ups, vaccinations, and treatment for related health issues
*Living with Down Syndrome*
- *Inclusion and acceptance*: Encouraging participation in education, employment, and social activities
- *Support systems*: Family, caregivers, and support groups
- *Health and wellness*: Regular health check-ups, healthy lifestyle, and adaptive activities
Let’s work together to create a more inclusive and supportive environment for individuals with Down syndrome