07/12/2015
Talk to your doctor if you are vegetarian or vegan. These diets tend to be excellent for keeping your fat intake and cholesterol levels low. They are often associated with a lower risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, it is important to be sure that you are getting all of the proteins, vitamins, and minerals that you need. You may be less likely to get sufficient:[3]
Iron. Many vegetarians have lower iron stores than non-vegetarians. Ask your doctor if your iron levels are low.
Vitamin B12. Vegetarians can obtain B12 from dairy products and eggs, but vegans must obtain it from supplements or foods that have been fortified with B12. Check the packaging on soy and rice milk, breakfast cereals, and meat substitutes.
Calcium. Because meat and dairy products are rich in calcium, many vegans are particularly vulnerable to being low in calcium. Calcium is crucial for maintaining healthy bones and avoiding fractures. If you are vegan, try to consume foods that are fortified with calcium, such as some fruit juices, breakfast cereals, soy and rice milk. It will say on the packaging if it has been fortified. You may also want to ask your doctor about calcium supplements.
Vitamin D. Your body produces vitamin D when it is exposed to the sun. However, how much you produce depends on your sunscreen use, the time of day, time of year, latitude, and your skin pigmentation. Vitamin D is important for bone health. If you are concerned about your vitamin D intake, consult your doctor about supplements and eat vitamin D fortified foods. Foods that are sometimes fortified include cow's milk, rice milk, soy milk, orange juice, breakfast cereals, and margarine.
Zinc. Soy, legumes, grains, cheese, and nuts are good vegetarian sources of zinc. If your diet is low in these foods, talk to your doctor about possible solutions.
Long chain n-3 fatty acids. These are necessary for maintaining healthy eyes and good brain function. Many people get them from eating fish and eggs. If you do not eat these foods you can also get them from flaxseed, canola oil, walnuts, soy, fortified breakfast bars or microalgae supplements. Ask your doctor if it is necessary for you to also take supplements.
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