02/11/2024
Today,I will be talking about a Health Issue called "ULCER"
An ulcer is essentially a sore or lesion that develops on the lining of the stomach, small intestine, or esophagus. While they can develop in various parts of the body, the most common forms are peptic ulcers, which include gastric ulcers (occurring in the stomach) and duodenal ulcers (occurring in the upper portion of the small intestine). Ulcers develop when the protective lining of the stomach or intestine becomes compromised, allowing acid to damage the tissue beneath. Let's discuss what causes ulcers, their symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
1. CAUSES OF ULCERS
Ulcers form due to an imbalance between the digestive juices in the stomach, including hydrochloric acid and pepsin, and the body's natural defense mechanisms that protect the stomach lining. Here are the main causes:
*Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) Infection: This bacteria is one of the most common causes of ulcers. H. pylori live in the stomach lining and can weaken the protective mucous coating, making the lining more susceptible to damage by stomach acid.
*Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Common over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen, when used regularly, can irritate the stomach lining and lead to ulcer formation. They inhibit enzymes responsible for producing the protective mucus.
*Excessive Acid Production: Conditions like Zollinger-Ellison syndrome lead to excessive acid production, which can cause severe peptic ulcers. Stress and diet were once thought to be primary causes of ulcers, but they are now considered risk factors rather than direct causes.
*Lifestyle Factors: Excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and high-stress levels are known to exacerbate ulcer formation by increasing stomach acid or compromising the stomach lining's defense mechanisms.
2. SYMPTOMS OF ULCER
Symptoms of ulcers can vary depending on the ulcer's location and severity, but the most common symptoms include:
*Burning Pain: A sharp, burning pain between the chest and the belly button is the most characteristic symptom. This pain may last from a few minutes to several hours and often worsens on an empty stomach.
*Bloating and Belching: People with ulcers frequently experience bloating and belching, which may be due to acid buildup.
*Nausea and Vomiting: In severe cases, ulcers can lead to nausea, and some may vomit, sometimes seeing blood in the vomit if the ulcer has started bleeding.
*Loss of Appetite and Weight Loss: Due to discomfort and pain, people may feel less inclined to eat, leading to weight loss.
*Dark or Tarry Stools: If an ulcer bleeds, it can cause dark, tar-like stools due to the presence of digested blood.
We will continue tomorrow,if you have questions concerning this lecture..... Comment below or come to DM!!
See you guys tomorrow!!
