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MEDIC USAM, Gembu, Zaria (2026)

07/05/2026

🟣 Uterine Fibroids

➟ Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus.

➟ Many fibroids cause no symptoms and are found accidentally during a checkup or ultrasound.

➟ Symptoms depend on the size, number, and location of the fibroids.

🟣 Common signs and symptoms

➟ Heavy periods
Bleeding may be heavier, last longer, or contain clots.

➟ Pelvic pressure
Fibroids can create a heavy, full, or pressure-like feeling in the pelvis.

➟ Lower belly bloating
The lower abdomen may feel swollen or enlarged, especially with larger fibroids.

➟ Pelvic pain or cramps
Some women may feel pain, cramping, or discomfort.

➟ Frequent urination
Fibroids pressing on the bladder can make you p*e more often.

➟ Constipation sometimes
Large fibroids may press on the bowel and make stool harder to pass.

➟ Back or leg pain sometimes
Pressure from fibroids can sometimes cause pain in nearby areas.

➟ Trouble getting pregnant sometimes
Some fibroids can affect fertility or pregnancy, depending on their location.

🟣 Treatment options

➟ Watch and monitor
Small fibroids without symptoms may only need regular follow-up.

➟ Medicines for symptoms
Pain relief medicines or hormonal treatment may help reduce bleeding and cramps.

➟ Treat anemia if present
Heavy bleeding can cause iron-deficiency anemia, so iron treatment may be needed.

➟ Hormone-based options
Some treatments can help control bleeding or shrink fibroids temporarily.

➟ Procedures to shrink fibroids
Uterine artery embolization can reduce blood supply to fibroids in selected cases.

➟ Surgery when needed
Myomectomy removes fibroids while keeping the uterus. Hysterectomy removes the uterus and may be considered when symptoms are severe and other options are not suitable.

🟣 When to see a doctor

➟ See a gynecologist if periods are very heavy, painful, prolonged, or causing weakness.

➟ Get checked if there is pelvic pressure, frequent urination, infertility concerns, or rapid increase in belly size.

07/05/2026

This is not a tattoo. It is advanced putrefaction; fifth stage of de*th, involving the decomposition of organic matter (specifically protein) by bacteria and fungi, resulting in a foul-smelling, rotting state. It typically involves bloating, skin discoloration, and the breakdown of tissues, often appearing 10–20 days after de*th.

03/05/2026

What’s the diagnosis on this eye exam?

03/05/2026

🔴 8 PAINS YOU SHOULD NEVER IGNORE

Educational Clinical Guide

⚠️ Some symptoms require urgent medical attention—do not delay care.

⸻

1. ❤️ CHEST PAIN

Pain may radiate to the arm, jaw, or back.
May indicate angina or myocardial infarction (heart attack).
👉 Caused by reduced blood flow to heart muscle.
🚨 Seek immediate medical attention.

⸻

2. 🍽️ SHARP STOMACH PAIN OR CRAMPS

Sudden or persistent abdominal pain.
May indicate peptic ulcer disease, gallbladder disease, or appendicitis.
👉 Location and severity help determine cause.
⚠️ Do not ignore persistent or worsening pain.

⸻

3. 🦵 CALF PAIN

Swelling, warmth, redness, or tightness.
May indicate deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
👉 Blood clot in deep veins can travel to lungs (pulmonary embolism).
🚨 Requires urgent evaluation.

⸻

4. 🔥 BURNING LEGS OR FEET

Tingling, numbness, or burning sensation.
May indicate peripheral neuropathy, poor circulation, or vitamin B deficiency.
👉 Common in diabetes and nerve disorders.
⚠️ Early treatment prevents complications.

⸻

5. 🦷 TOOTHACHE

Persistent or throbbing dental pain.
May indicate infection, decay, or abscess.
👉 Untreated infection can spread to surrounding tissues or bloodstream.
⚠️ Seek dental care promptly.

⸻

6. 💥 SUDDEN SHOULDER PAIN

Unexplained pain without injury.
May indicate referred pain from lungs, gallbladder, diaphragm, or heart.
👉 Referred pain occurs when internal organs share nerve pathways.
⚠️ Do not ignore sudden onset.

⸻

7. 🧠 SEVERE HEADACHE

Sudden, intense, or “worst-ever” headache.
May indicate hemorrhage, aneurysm, infection, or hypertensive crisis.
👉 Warning sign of serious neurological conditions.
🚨 Seek urgent medical attention.

⸻

8. 🌡️ STIFF NECK + FEVER

Neck stiffness with fever and headache.
May indicate meningitis or severe infection.
👉 Often associated with sensitivity to light and confusion.
🚨 Medical emergency—get help immediately.

03/05/2026

Stomach ulcer Vs GERD ⬇️

01/05/2026

🟣 Sepsis

➟ Sepsis is a life-threatening medical emergency that happens when the body has an extreme reaction to an infection.

➟ Instead of fighting only the infection, the immune response can start damaging the body’s own tissues and organs.

➟ Sepsis can develop from infections like pneumonia, urine infection, abdominal infection, skin infection, wound infection, or blood infection.

🟣 Common signs and symptoms

➟ Fever or very low temperature
The person may have high fever, chills, or sometimes an abnormally low body temperature.

➟ Fast heartbeat
The heart may beat much faster than normal.

➟ Fast or difficult breathing
Breathing may become rapid, shallow, or difficult.

➟ Confusion or extreme sleepiness
The person may seem confused, drowsy, restless, or less alert than usual.

➟ Low blood pressure or dizziness
They may feel faint, weak, dizzy, or may collapse.

➟ Cold, pale, bluish, or mottled skin
Poor blood circulation can make the skin look patchy, cold, or discolored.

➟ Less urine
Passing very little urine can be a warning sign that the kidneys are not getting enough blood flow.

➟ Looks extremely unwell
The person may appear very sick and may worsen quickly.

🟣 Why sepsis is dangerous

➟ Sepsis can reduce blood flow to important organs like the brain, kidneys, lungs, and heart.

➟ Without urgent treatment, it can lead to septic shock, organ failure, and death.

➟ Early recognition and fast treatment can save lives.

🟣 Management

➟ Call emergency help or go to the ER immediately
Do not wait at home if sepsis is suspected.

➟ Antibiotics quickly
Doctors usually give antibiotics as early as possible if bacterial sepsis is suspected.

➟ IV fluids
Fluids through a vein help support blood pressure and circulation.

➟ Oxygen and close monitoring
Breathing, blood pressure, urine output, oxygen level, and organ function need careful monitoring.

➟ Treat the source of infection
Doctors may need to treat pneumonia, urine infection, wound infection, abscess, or

01/05/2026

🟣 Folic Acid Deficiency

➟ Folic acid deficiency means the body does not have enough folate, a B vitamin needed to make healthy red blood cells and DNA.

➟ When folate is low, the body may produce large, immature red blood cells, leading to megaloblastic anemia.

➟ This can reduce oxygen delivery in the body and cause tiredness, weakness, and other symptoms.

🟣 Common signs and symptoms

➟ Tiredness
Low folate can cause anemia, making the person feel tired or low in energy.

➟ Weakness
Muscles may feel weak, heavy, or easily fatigued.

➟ Pale skin
The skin may look pale when anemia develops.

➟ Shortness of breath
Breathing may feel harder during walking, climbing stairs, or other activity.

➟ Fast heartbeat
The heart may beat faster to supply oxygen to the body.

➟ Mouth ulcers
Small painful sores may appear inside the mouth.

➟ Sore red tongue
The tongue may become red, smooth, swollen, or painful.

➟ Poor concentration
Some people may feel mentally tired, forgetful, or less focused.

🟣 Common causes

➟ Low intake of folate-rich foods like green leafy vegetables, beans, lentils, citrus fruits, and fortified grains.

➟ Increased need during pregnancy, breastfeeding, growth, or recovery from illness.

➟ Poor absorption due to gut conditions such as celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease.

➟ Certain medicines may reduce folate levels, such as methotrexate, some anti-seizure medicines, and long-term use of some other drugs.

➟ Excess alcohol intake can also lower folate levels.

🟣 Management

➟ Medical evaluation
A doctor may advise blood tests such as CBC, folate level, vitamin B12 level, and other tests depending on symptoms.

➟ Folic acid supplementation
Folic acid tablets may be given if deficiency is confirmed or strongly suspected.

➟ Treat the cause
Diet issues, gut problems, alcohol use, pregnancy needs, or medicine-related causes should be addressed.

➟ Improve diet
Include folate-rich foods such as spinach, fenugreek leaves, beans, lentils, chickpe

28/04/2026

🟣 Hemorrhoids Common Signs & Symptoms

➟ What are hemorrhoids?
→ Hemorrhoids are swollen veins around the a**s or inside the re**um.
→ They can be internal or external.
→ They are common and often happen due to constipation, hard stool, straining, pregnancy, prolonged sitting, or low-fiber diet.

🟣 Common signs and symptoms

➟ Bright red blood
→ Fresh red blood may appear on toilet paper, on the stool surface, or in the toilet bowl.
→ Bleeding should always be checked if it is heavy, recurrent, or mixed with stool.

➟ Itching around the a**s
→ Irritation, moisture, or mucus can cause itching.

➟ Pain or discomfort
→ Pain is more common with external hemorrhoids or thrombosed hemorrhoids.
→ Internal hemorrhoids are often painless unless they prolapse or become irritated.

➟ Lump near the a**s
→ A soft, tender, or swollen lump may be felt near the a**l opening.

➟ Swelling
→ The area may feel swollen, puffy, or tender.

➟ Mucus discharge
→ Internal hemorrhoids can sometimes cause mucus leakage, leading to irritation.

➟ Feeling not fully empty
→ Some people feel they still need to pass stool even after bowel movement.

➟ Prolapse
→ Internal hemorrhoids may bulge out during bowel movements.
→ Sometimes they go back inside on their own, but larger ones may need medical care.

➟ Worse with straining
→ Constipation, hard stool, and long sitting on the toilet can make symptoms worse.

🟣 Basic management tips

➟ Increase fiber intake
→ Eat fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes to soften stool.

➟ Drink enough water
→ Good hydration helps prevent hard stool and constipation.

➟ Avoid straining
→ Do not force stool out.
→ Avoid sitting on the toilet for a long time.

➟ Warm sitz bath
→ Sitting in warm water for 10–15 minutes may reduce pain, itching, and swelling.

➟ Use medicines if advised
→ A doctor may suggest stool softeners, fiber supplements, or short-term hemorrhoid creams.

➟ Seek treatment for recurrent symptoms
→ Persistent, large, painful, or pr*****ed

28/04/2026

🟣 A**l Fissure Signs & Symptoms

➟ What is an a**l fissure?
→ An a**l fissure is a small tear in the lining of the a**s.
→ It is often caused by hard stool, constipation, straining, or sometimes repeated diarrhea.
→ It is usually not dangerous, but it can be very painful.

🟣 Common signs and symptoms

➟ Sharp pain during p**p
→ Pain is often severe and may feel like cutting, tearing, or passing glass.

➟ Pain after bowel movement
→ Pain may continue for minutes to hours after passing stool.
→ This happens because the a**l muscle can go into spasm.

➟ Bright red blood
→ Fresh red blood may appear on toilet paper, on the stool surface, or in the toilet bowl.
→ Heavy bleeding is not typical and should be checked by a doctor.

➟ Burning or stinging
→ The a**l area may burn or sting after passing stool.

➟ Itching or irritation
→ Skin around the a**s may feel itchy, sore, or irritated.

➟ Hard stool or constipation
→ Passing hard stool is a common trigger and can make the tear worse.

➟ Visible small tear
→ A small split or crack may sometimes be seen near the a**l opening.

➟ Sphincter spasm
→ The a**l muscle may tighten, which increases pain and delays healing.

➟ Fear of passing stool
→ Pain can make people avoid going to the toilet, which can worsen constipation.

➟ Small skin tag sometimes
→ Long-standing fissures may develop a small “sentinel” skin tag near the tear.

🟣 Basic management tips

➟ Soften the stool
→ Drink enough water and increase fiber through fruits, vegetables, whole grains, or a fiber supplement if advised.

➟ Avoid straining
→ Do not sit on the toilet for too long.
→ Avoid forcing stool out.

➟ Warm sitz bath
→ Sitting in warm water for 10–15 minutes can reduce pain and muscle spasm.

➟ Use medicines if advised
→ A doctor may suggest stool softeners, pain-relief creams, or special ointments to relax the a**l muscle and help healing.

🟣 When to see a doctor

➟ Seek medical advice if:
→ Pain or bleeding keeps coming back
→ Symptoms last more th

19/04/2026

PYLORIC STENOSIS

🟣 What is pyloric stenosis?
➟ Pyloric stenosis is a condition in young babies where the muscle at the outlet of the stomach becomes abnormally thick, so milk cannot pass into the intestine normally.
➟ It usually needs prompt medical treatment, and the usual treatment is surgery after dehydration and salts are corrected.

🟣 Most important symptom
➟ The classic symptom is projectile vomiting after feeds.
➟ The vomiting is often forceful, may travel a long distance, and usually happens soon after milk or formula.
➟ It may start mild at first and then become more forceful over time.

🟣 Baby is hungry again right away
➟ Even after vomiting, the baby often still seems hungry and wants to feed again.
➟ This happens because the milk is not reaching the intestines properly.

🟣 Belly signs
➟ Some babies show wave-like ripples across the upper belly just before vomiting.
➟ A small firm “olive-shaped” lump may sometimes be felt in the upper abdomen.
➟ This lump is the thickened pyloric muscle.

🟣 Dehydration and poor growth
➟ Because the baby keeps vomiting, dehydration can happen quickly.
➟ Warning signs include fewer wet diapers, dry mouth, low tears, low energy, or lethargy.
➟ Babies may also have poor weight gain or weight loss.

🟣 Stool changes
➟ Some babies have fewer stools or constipation because less milk is getting through to the intestines.

🟣 Important point
➟ Pyloric stenosis usually affects babies in the first weeks of life, often around 3 to 6 weeks.
➟ The baby may not look very sick at first, but the vomiting and dehydration can become serious quickly.

🟣 When to get checked urgently
➟ Projectile vomiting after feeds
➟ Baby is hungry again after vomiting
➟ Fewer wet diapers or other signs of dehydration
➟ Poor weight gain or weight loss
➟ Visible belly ripples or an olive-shaped lump

Medical disclaimer: This note is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. A baby with projectile

24/04/2024

Here are some facts about Max Hospital ¹ ² ³:

- *Location*: Max Hospital is located in Delhi, India.
- *Ranking*: It is considered one of the top hospitals in Delhi.
- *Number of hospitals*: There are over 8 hospitals in Delhi.
- *Staff*: There are over 1500 physicians/doctors, 3000 support staff and 800 beds.
- *Services*: Max Healthcare is India's leading providers of world class healthcare services. With 5000+ doctors & a network of 19 hospitals in India, they offer treatment and consultation services.
- *History*: Max Institute of Cancer Care was established in Lajpat Nagar in 2015. Max Smart Super Speciality Hospital was established in Saket in 2015. They were listed on NSE and BSE in 2017 and received JCI Accreditation in 2016.

MEDIC USAM

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