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Pediacare_Dr. Paridhi, Kathmandu (2025)

15/10/2022

Vaginal bleeding in newborn baby girl occurs in approximately 5% babies. Bleeding occur is in the first week to 10 days of life.

It happens for 2-3 days in most cases and subsides. Usually the bleeding is little. Some babies have blood tinged diapers while some bleed few drops of blood.

It is also called as false me**es. It occurs because of withdrawal of hormones that the body was exposed to in the mother’s womb.

It is a normal phenomenon for which nothing needs to be done.

So, if your baby has vaginal bleeding just after birth, do not panic.

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15/10/2022

WHO and AAP recommends No screen time for children < 2 years of age (video calls with parents/family is permitted if they are residing outside).

Studies have shown children of this age group if shown screen regularly have significant delayed speech. Screen time leads to one way communication. Children don’t learn from screens as well as they learn from live interactions.

The older age group children & adolescents are seen to be spending a lot of time watching phone , tablets, TV and playing games. They happen to view a lot of good and bad content on the screen. The increased screen time may lead to such issues:

-> Sleep problems
-> Lower grades in school
-> Reading fewer books
-> Less time spent with family and friends
-> Not enough physical activity in the day
-> Increased chances of obesity and mood problems
-> Increased eye issues
-> Less time spent doing other activities and having fun

It is important to limit and set barriers for screen time for children. Parents must spend more time during the day doing activities with their kids.
Encourage children to be involved in more outdoor activities, music , art etc.

14/10/2022

Vaginal bleeding in newborn baby girl occurs in approximately 5% babies.

Bleeding occurs in the first week to 10 days of life. It happens for 2-3 days in most cases and subsides.

Usually the bleeding is little. Some babies have blood tinged diapers while some bleed few drops of blood.

It is also called as false me**es. It occurs because of withdrawal of hormones that the baby was exposed to in the mother’s womb.

It is a normal phenomenon for which nothing needs to be done.

So, if your baby has vaginal bleeding just after birth, do not panic.

**es

23/09/2022

Growing pain:
Around 10-20% of children complain of such kind of pain. The pain is usually during evenings and sometimes wakes up the child from his/her sleep too.

The exact cause of growing pain is not known. Many studies and researches have shown children may experience such pain because of:

-> Increased physical activity and overuse of the muscles
->deficiency of Vitamin D levels
-> lower pain threshold levels , causing pain in other parts of the body as well

You can help relieve this pain by:
->Massaging the painful area
->Applying heat pads (please make sure it’s not too hot or it might cause burn injury)
->In severe pain you can give a dose of Paracetamol (make sure you know the correct dose)
->In case the pain is not bearable contact your Pediatrician for a higher analgesic like ibuprofen.

Usually children outgrow this pain with age. In case of persistent pain , your child may need to get investigated for any deficiencies.

06/09/2022

🐄 According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, animal milk (commonly cow milk) can be introduced after the child’s first birthday.
By then the child’s gut is mature enough to digest the cow milk proteins.(Of course we need to do boil the milk before giving to avoid consumption of harmful bacteria). Before that cow’s milk does not provide the required nutrients a child needs for proper growth and development.

**Cow milk can be mixed in food in small quantities and given even before the first birthday.

🐄 milk is low in iron and children in their first year(and even later) need iron for their brain development. Hence it’s advisable to give iron rich food along with milk.

🐄 AAP recommends not more than 16-24 oz of milk per day. If more milk is given , the child would refuse to take solid food.

🐄 Full fat milk should be given for couple of years as children need this extra fat for growth and development.

🐄 In case there are more doubts about animal milk intake , please drop down in the comments below.

25/08/2022

The monsoon season is here, the weather seems to be cooling down but what’s annoying the kids are the tiny mosquitoes around. It’s almost impossible to get rid of them, but we can keep our children protected by the following ways:

1. Try to keep them covered with full clothing as much as possible. They can wear light cotton clothes if the temperature is high in your area.

2. Avoid floral prints or bright colours which would attract insects.

3. Avoid unnecessary water collection in and around the house. These water bodies act as breeding ground for mosquitoes.

4. Use mosquito patches on babies clothes. These patches are made with natural substances & essential oils. They are safe to use on the child’s clothing/hat/stroller/chair etc.
They protect children Upto some extent.

5. AAP now recommends the use of insect repellent sprays above the age of 2 months. Spray only on the outside of kids clothes and exposed areas. Avoid eyes, hand & mouth area.
DEET is the most common ingredient in the these sprays - Upto 30% DEET is safe for children. A lot of DEET free sprays are available which contain essential oils.

6. It’s quite difficult to restrict children from playing where they want but try to keep them indoors, specially during monsoon season.

7. Use mosquito nets on the baby’s crib , stroller where possible.

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01/08/2022

Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva layer of our eye. It is quite coming among adults as well as children.

It can be caused by:
>bacteria
>virus
>allergens
>chemicals

Symptoms:
*Red eye
*watering
*Itching
*Glued eyes (eyelids stick together due to discharge)
*sometimes eye pain

Conjunctivitis is highly contagious. It can spread easily from one to another by contaminated hand-to-eye contact.

Treatment:
Depending on the cause of conjunctivitis eye drops are advised.

To prevent spread:
**Practise hand washing
**avoid sharing of towels,linen etc
**avoid sending your child to school till symptoms persist

22/07/2022

It could be very traumatic for parents to see their child bleed. Nose bleed/Epistaxis is quite common in children between 3-8 years and then there is a decline in incidence after puberty. It is rarely seen in Infants.
Bleeding from the nose is more commonly seen during the winter season when the air is dry.

Most nosebleeds stop spontaneously in a few minutes.

* Help your child lean forward (so that he does not aspirate the blood which trickles back).
* Pinch the nose just below the body prominence. Do this for at least 5 minutes.

You can also apply an ice pack if the child allows you to do so.

Contact your doctor in any of the following cases:
> Continuous bleeding
> Head/ face injury
> Child feels dizzy
> Family history of bleeding disorders

To prevent further episodes:
* Keep the child’s nails short
* Use a cool mist humidifier
* Prevent the child from picking his nose
* Keeping a close watch on children so they don’t insert foreign objects into their nose

21/07/2022

Hand foot mouth disease is usually mild illness. It is a viral disease, caused by Coxsachie A16 commonly.

As the name suggests, it presents as-
*blisters/ulcers in the mouth
*rash on the hand and feet (Sometimes thigh and buttocks might be involved)
*fever
*irritability
*drooling
*poor appetite

The management of the disease is usually symptomatic.
*Keep the child well hydrated
*Paracetamol syrup if the child has fever (T>100*F)
*Avoid hot fluids/food
*In case the oral blisters are painful, ask your Pediatrician for an ointment.

The disease is contagious. It can spread via hands, stool, saliva, nasal discharge or fluid from blisters. Wait for the blisters to dry and rashes to heal.
Symptoms usually last for a week.

Contact your doctor in the following cases:
*Worsening of rash
*Irritability
*Dehydration
*Lethargy

12/07/2022

Heat rash can occur in summers and winters both.
It occurs due to the following reasons:
1) hot weather
2) being too warmly dressed in winters
3) sometimes also due to the application of thick ointment/cream

The rash appears when the sweat glands get blocked. It looks like reddish bumps in the neck, groin, and axilla commonly.
It can appear anywhere in the body but usually appears in high friction areas(where there is increased sweating).

What to do?
1) keep your surrounding temperature cool - use a fan or air conditioner. A cool mist humidifier also helps.

2) Remove excess clothes off the child’s body. Even in winters children usually need one more layer of clothing as compared to adults.

3) Apply cool washcloth on the child’s body. You could do this several times a day.

4) Use water based cream/lotion instead of thick ointments.

This rash usually disappears in a few days and it ain’t too troublesome for the child.

Contact your doctor if the rash increases or if associated with fever or if troubles the child too much.

09/07/2022

Growth is the most important aspect about any child that worries every parent.

The commonest question faced by most paediatricians is their child ain’t gaining weight/ looks quite lean or fat compared to other children of the same age.

So, to assess the growth we use these charts which have reference standard values of height, weight & head circumference of children of same age and gender.

Each child’s growth is different. Any value that lies between 3rd-97th percentile is normal.

If the child is following his/her growth curve it’s okay. In case they happen to shoot up or down from their growth curve in subsequent years, you need to follow up with your doctor.

In routine paediatric check ups your child’s growth parameters is usually plotted. It’s a good indicator to detect any abnormality of growth be it- underweight, obesity,failure to thrive etc.

14/05/2022

A lot of parents are worried when their infants have hiccups. Let me assure you, hiccups is normal in most cases (rarely it can be pathological).

It is believed that hiccups are very common infants due to the trapped air in the stomach or overfeeding leading to irritation of the diaphragm.

All you can do is wait for the hiccups to stop on it's own. There are ways you can prevent/ decrease it's frequency by the following ways:

**Feeding the baby in upright position.
**Making the baby burp in between and after feeds.
**Giving pacifier to the baby, it might help relax the diaphragm.
**Making sure the baby has latched correctly.
**Assess hunger cues early & feed the baby (crying results in swallowing more air while feeding).
**If bottle fed, use the right size ni**le( not too big/small).

Like us adults, when hiccups occur in infants it is usually harmless and do not bother them.

Pediacare_Dr. Paridhi

15/10/2022

15/10/2022

14/10/2022

23/09/2022

06/09/2022

25/08/2022

01/08/2022

22/07/2022

21/07/2022

12/07/2022

09/07/2022

14/05/2022

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