27/10/2025
Gingivitis and Periodontitis are both gum (periodontal) diseases, but they differ in severity and how much damage they cause. Here’s a clear comparison 👇
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🦷 1. Gingivitis
Definition:
The early stage of gum disease — inflammation of the gums caused by plaque buildup along the gumline.
Causes:
• Poor oral hygiene
• Plaque and bacterial accumulation
• Hormonal changes (e.g., pregnancy, puberty)
• Certain medications or medical conditions
Signs and Symptoms:
• Red, swollen gums
• Bleeding while brushing or flossing
• Bad breath (halitosis)
• No bone loss or tooth mobility
Reversibility:
✅ Reversible with proper oral hygiene and professional dental cleaning.
Treatment:
• Professional scaling and polishing
• Improved brushing and flossing
• Antimicrobial mouth rinse if needed
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🪥 2. Periodontitis
Definition:
An advanced stage of gum disease that occurs when untreated gingivitis leads to infection of the supporting structures of the teeth (bone, ligament, and gums).
Causes:
• Long-standing gingivitis
• Plaque hardens into calculus (tartar), causing deeper infection
• Smoking and systemic diseases (e.g., diabetes) increase risk
Signs and Symptoms:
• Deep gum pockets
• Gum recession (teeth appear longer)
• Bone loss around teeth
• Loose or shifting teeth
• Persistent bad breath
Reversibility:
❌ Irreversible — bone and tissue loss can’t be fully restored, but disease progression can be controlled.
Treatment:
• Deep cleaning (scaling and root planing)
• Possible surgical procedures (flap surgery, bone grafts)
• Strict oral hygiene and regular maintenance visits.
