04/05/2022
The 5 best gut-friendly foods to improve digestion
1. Dark chocolate
Great news for chocolate lovers, dark chocolate is good for your gut health. The higher the cocoa percentage the better when it comes to chocolate's gut-friendly properties, so opt for a bar containing at least 70 per cent cocoa solids.
'Cocoa's polyphenol content is s special plant compound that is a favourite food of good gut bacteria,' says Dr Rossi. 'Regularly eating foods high in polyphenols is associated with optimal gut health and promotes widespread health benefits including lowering blood pressure and cholesterol levels.'
🍎 Tip: Polyphenols can also be found in apples, blueberries, plums, hazelnuts, red wine and turmeric.
2. Legumes and pulses
Prebiotics such as legumes and pulses provide a source of food for the good bacteria, and help it to flourish. What's more, healthy levels of bifidobacteria are linked with improved digestion and prevention of gut inflammation. 'These cheap but nutritious store-cupboard staples are an excellent source of prebiotics (galactooiligosaccharide or GOS) which promote the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria, such as bifidobacteria,' says Dr Rossi.
Examples of legumes and pulses include:
Black beans
Kidney beans
Lentils
Peas
Chickpeas
Peanuts
🍎 Tip: soak and thoroughly rinse canned legumes and pulses to lower 'anti-nutrients' such as lectins (which can inhibit absorption of vitamins and minerals) , and to make them better tolerated by individuals with more sensitive guts, particularly if you suffer from Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).
3. Flaxseeds (or linseeds)
Don't be fooled by these unassuming little seeds; flaxseeds come with a wealth of gut health benefits. 'They are a good source of omega 3 which is thought to play a role in gut health, but they are an excellent source of dietary fibre which helps to soften stools and make them easier to pass,' says Dr Rossi.
In fact, national dietary guidelines recommend trialing flaxseeds for the management of constipation predominant IBS and a recent study found that flaxseed improved gut bacteria. A large systematic review in 2017 also showed promising results for flaxseed and body composition.
🍎 Tip: it's important to drink plenty of water alongside flaxseeds (1 cup of water per tablespoon), as flaxseeds need water to work. Gradually introduce flaxseeds into the diet starting with half a tablespoon, as a rapid increase can aggravate gut symptoms.
4. Whole oats
Naturally low in gluten, oats are a gut-friendly source of complex carbohydrates. 'Unlike many other grains, oats are well tolerated by those with gut issues such as non-coeliac gluten sensitivity and IBS, which is thought to effect up to 6 per cent and 15 per cent of people, respectively,' says Dr Rossi. 'Whole oats are also a rich source of dietary fibre including, beta-glucans and resistant starch, both known to increase growth of good bacteria associated with decreased gut inflammation.' Oats also support good bowel regulation.
🍎 Tip: opt for the large whole oats instead of ground oats, as the former contain more resistant starch to feed your good gut bacteria.
5. Kefir
A type of fermented milk, kefir is a potent and diverse dietary source of good 'live' bacteria which contains up to 30 different strains of bacteria and yeast, says Dr Rossi. 'Specific bacteria from kefir has also been shown to inhibit the growth of potentially harmful bacteria such as salmonella and e.coli', she explains.
What's more, compared to regular milk, kefir is better tolerated by people with lactose intolerance as the bacteria it contains helps to break down the lactose.
🍎 Tip: other fermented foods rich in good bacteria include live unsweetened yogurt, sauerkraut, tempeh and kimchi. However, it's important to note that many of the commercial products don't follow the traditional processing and skip the fermentation step (such as sauerkraut made with vinegar) and therefore don't contain any live bacteria.
