03/01/2026
Arthritis is not a single disease but a group of conditions that cause joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and reduced movement. Each type has a different cause, pattern, and treatment, which is why correct diagnosis is so important.
๐ Common Types of Arthritis Explained:
๐น Osteoarthritis (OA)
The most common form, caused by wear and tear of cartilage. Commonly affects the knees, hips, spine, and hands, leading to pain and stiffness that worsens with activity.
๐น Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
An autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks joint lining. It usually affects joints symmetrically and causes prolonged morning stiffness, swelling, and fatigue.
๐น Psoriatic Arthritis
Seen in people with psoriasis. It can cause swollen fingers or toes (sausage digits), nail changes, and joint pain along with skin rashes.
๐น Gout
A metabolic arthritis caused by uric acid crystal deposition in joints. It often begins suddenly in the big toe, with severe pain, redness, and swelling.
๐น Ankylosing Spondylitis
A chronic inflammatory arthritis mainly affecting the spine and sacroiliac joints, leading to back pain, stiffness, and in advanced cases, spinal fusion.
๐น Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)
Occurs in children under 16 years, causing joint swelling, pain, and stiffness. Early treatment is crucial to prevent growth and joint problems.
๐น Septic (Infectious) Arthritis
Caused by infection in the joint. It presents with severe pain, swelling, fever, and requires urgent medical care.