Dr, Warda Khan

16/11/2025

23/10/2025

15/10/2025

21/09/2025

Heel pain
Heel pain is often caused by overuse injuries like plantar fasciitis (inflammation of the tissue connecting the heel to the toes) and Achilles tendinitis (tendon inflammation), but can also result from other conditions such as stress fractures, bursitis, arthritis, and nerve entrapment.

Risk factors include obesity, improper footwear, high-impact activities, and prolonged standing.

Common Causes of Heel Pain
Plantar Fasciitis: The most frequent cause, involving inflammation of the plantar fascia, a band of tissue that supports the arch. It causes pain under the heel, often worse after rest.

Achilles Tendinitis: Inflammation of the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscle to the heel bone. It typically causes pain higher up on the back of the heel.

Stress Fractures: Tiny cracks in the heel bone, often from repetitive stress, especially in runners or those who do high-impact activities.

Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursa, small fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction in joints, including the heel.

Heel Spurs: A bony growth on the underside of the heel bone. While often associated with plantar fasciitis, the spur itself is usually not the source of pain.

Arthritis: Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis can cause inflammation and pain in the heel joints.

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome: Entrapment or compression of the tibial nerve in the tarsal tunnel, which can cause heel pain and other foot symptoms.

Bruised Heel: Also known as a contusion, a deep bruise can cause pain in the heel.

Risk Factors
Obesity or Excess Weight: Puts extra stress on the feet and heels.
Improper Footwear: Shoes with inadequate support or cushioning can strain the foot.
Repetitive Strain: Activities like running, jumping, or long periods of standing on hard surfaces.
Tight Calf Muscles: Can contribute to conditions like plantar fasciitis.
Foot Mechanics: Abnormal foot structure or walking patterns can increase strain..

28/06/2025

Varicose veins are a common condition where veins become enlarged, twisted, and visible under the skin, often affecting the lower extremities.
Symptoms include
- *Visible Veins*:
Twisted, enlarged veins visible under the skin
- *Pain and Discomfort*:
Aching, heaviness, or pain in the legs
- *Swelling*:
Swelling in the ankles and feet
- *Skin Changes*:
Skin discoloration, dermatitis, or ulcers

Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the condition. Here are some common approaches:

*Conservative Treatments*

- *Compression Stockings*: Wearing compression stockings to reduce swelling and alleviate symptoms

- *Elevation*: Elevating the legs to reduce swelling and promote blood flow

*Minimally Invasive Procedures*

- *Sclerotherapy*: Injecting a solution into varicose veins to close them off and reduce their appearance
- *Endovenous Laser Therapy (EVLT)*: Using laser heat to close off affected veins
- *Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)*: Using heat from radiofrequency waves to close off varicose veins

*Surgical Options*

- *Vein Stripping and Ligation*: Removing affected veins through surgery
- *Miniphlebectomy*: Removing varicose veins through small skin punctures

*Physiotherapy Protocols*

While specific physiotherapy protocols for varicose veins may vary, some common approaches include
- *Exercise*: Gentle exercises to improve circulation and reduce swelling
- *Compression Therapy*: Using compression stockings or bandages to reduce swelling
- *Elevation and Positioning*: Elevating the legs to reduce swelling and promote blood flow

It's essential to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the best course of treatment for your specific condition. They can help you develop a personalized treatment plan to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications

14/05/2025

Neck stiffness
can be caused by various factors, including muscle strain, poor posture, injury, or underlying medical conditions like arthritis or meningitis. Common symptoms include limited mobility, pain, numbness, or tingling sensations in the neck, shoulders, or arms

Causes of Neck Stiffness
- *Muscle strain*:
Sleeping in an awkward position, overusing neck muscles, or stress

- *Injury*:
Whiplash, sports injuries, or car accidents

- *Arthritis*:
Wear and tear on joints, causing pain and stiffness

- *Meningitis*:
A serious infection that requires immediate medical attention

Treatment Options
- *At-home remedies*:
- *Ice or heat therapy*: Apply ice packs or warm compresses to relieve pain and inflammation

- *Pain relievers*: Over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen

- *Gentle exercises*: Stretching and light movement to improve mobility

- *Medical treatments*:
- *Physical therapy*: Professional guidance on posture, alignment, and neck-strengthening exercises

- *Medications*: Prescription NSAIDs, muscle relaxers, or corticosteroids

- *Alternative therapies*: Acupuncture, chiropractic care, or massage therapy

Prevention Strategies
- *Good posture*: Maintain proper alignment while sitting, standing, or sleeping
- *Regular breaks*: Take time to stretch and move when working or driving
- *Stress management*: Engage in relaxation techniques like yoga, meditation, or deep breathing
- *Proper sleeping habits*: Use a supportive pillow and maintain a neutral spine position

If your neck stiffness persists or worsens, or if you experience symptoms like fever, headache, or nausea, seek medical attention to rule out underlying conditions

06/05/2025

The Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) muscle is a long muscle in the lower leg that helps extend the toes and dorsiflex the ankle. Problems with the EDL muscle can cause pain and stiffness, especially in the front of the ankle and toes.

*Common Problems:*

- *Extensor Tendinitis*: Inflammation of the tendons surrounding the EDL muscle, often caused by repetitive motions or overuse. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, swelling, and discoloration.
- *Trigger Points*: Sensitive areas within the muscle that can cause pain and stiffness. These can be treated with self-release techniques using a ball or massage.
- *Muscle Imbalance*: The EDL muscle can become overactive and tight, compensating for weakened tibialis anterior muscles

*Treatment Options:*

- *Rest and Ice*: Give your body time to rest and recover, and apply ice to reduce inflammation.
- *Stretching*: Stretch the EDL muscle by sitting on your knees with your feet pointed backward or standing near a wall and leaning forward.
- *Strengthening Exercises*: Perform ankle dorsiflexion exercises, such as lifting your toes and front of your foot off the ground while sitting on a chair.
- *Physical Therapy*: Include range-of-motion exercises and stretches to relieve symptoms and strengthen the area around the irritated tendons.
- *Self-Release Techniques*: Use a ball to release tension in the EDL muscle .

*Prevention:*

- *Wear Proper Footwear*: Avoid tight or poorly fitting shoes that can irritate the tendons.
- *Warm Up and Stretch*: Before engaging in physical activity, warm up and stretch to prevent muscle strain.
- *Balance Exercises*: Engage in balance exercises, such as using a wobble board, to strengthen the muscles around the ankle

22/02/2025

Here are some common physiotherapy techniques for managing knee osteoarthritis:

Education and Lifestyle Modifications
1. *Weight management*: Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on the knee joint.
2. *Exercise*: Encouraging regular exercise, such as walking, cycling, or swimming, to improve joint mobility and strength.
3. *Proper footwear*: Recommending shoes with good arch support and cushioning to reduce stress on the knee.

Manual Therapy Techniques
1. *Mobilization*: Gently moving the knee joint to improve range of motion and reduce stiffness.
2. *Manipulation*: Using specific techniques to improve joint mobility and reduce pain.
3. *Soft tissue mobilization*: Massaging and stretching surrounding muscles and tissues to reduce tension and promote healing.

Exercise Therapy
1. *Strengthening exercises*: Strengthening the quadriceps, hamstrings, and core muscles to support the knee joint.
2. *Flexibility exercises*: Improving range of motion and reducing stiffness with exercises like knee bends and straight leg raises.
3. *Balance and proprioception exercises*: Improving balance and proprioception (awareness of body position) to reduce the risk of falls.

Modalities
1. *Heat or cold therapy*: Applying heat or cold packs to reduce pain and inflammation.
2. *Electrotherapy*: Using techniques like TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) or NMES (neuromuscular electrical stimulation) to reduce pain and promote muscle contraction.
3. *Ultrasound*: Using high-frequency sound waves to promote tissue healing and reduce inflammation.

Assistive Devices
1. *Knee braces*: Providing support and stability to the knee joint.
2. *Walking aids*: Using canes or walkers to reduce stress on the knee joint.
3. *Orthotics*: Using shoe inserts or orthotics to redistribute pressure and reduce stress on the knee.

Other Techniques
1. *Acupuncture*: Using fine needles to stimulate healing and reduce pain.
2. *Kinesiology taping*: Applying tape to support and stabilize the knee joint.
3. *Breathing exercises*: Teaching relaxation techniques to reduce stress and promote healing.

It's essential to note that each individual's treatment plan will vary depending on their specific needs and goals. A qualified physiotherapist will work with the patient to develop a personalized treatment plan.

09/02/2025

hormone imbalances
can cause weight gain. Hormones regulate metabolism, appetite, and body fat distribution. When hormone levels are out of balance, it can lead to weight gain.
Hormonal conditions that can cause weight gain

Hypothyroidism
When the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone, metabolism slows down, which can lead to weight gain

Cushing's syndrome
A rare condition that causes the body to produce too much cortisol, which can lead to rapid weight gain in the face, belly, back of the neck, and chest

Menopause
A natural hormonal change that causes a decrease in estrogen levels, which can lead to weight gain

Polycystic o***y syndrome (PCOS)
Can cause hormonal imbalances that lead to weight gain

Other factors that can contribute to weight gain
Sleep deprivation
Can cause the body to produce too much cortisol and insulin, which can lead to weight gain

Poor diet
Eating too much sugar and refined carbohydrates can cause blood sugar to fluctuate, which can disrupt hormones
How to treat hormonal weight gain

Treat the underlying condition
Eat a balanced diet that's rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, healthy fats, and lean protein
Avoid sugary foods and refined carbohydrates
Eat every 3-4 hours to keep blood sugar steady
Get enough sleep

03/02/2025

✓✓Golfer's elbow,
also known as medial epicondylitis, causes pain and tenderness on the inside of the elbow. The pain can vary from mild to severe.
✓✓Symptoms

Pain on the inside of the elbow, especially when gripping, lifting, or bending the wrist
Pain that radiates down the forearm to the wrist
Pain when flexing the wrist with the palm down
Pain when shaking hands
Weakness in the grip
Numbness and tingling in the elbow, pinkie, and ring fingers
Stiffness when bending or straightening the elbow
Mild swelling and heat

12/01/2025

Non-surgical Treatments for Sciatica Pain

Most physicians recommend conservative therapies to initially treat sciatica back pain. Among the most commonly prescribed are

Bed rest—
in most circumstances, physicians do not recommend extended periods of bed rest. Although short periods of rest may be necessary after a sciatica back pain flare-up, you should remain as active as possible to promote healing and limit the risk of your condition progressing to a chronic one. Too much bed rest can weaken muscles needed to support the spine as well as dry out and harden spinal discs, making them more prone to damage.

Heat or ice therapy—
the application of cold to numb the back pain and reduce swelling has prove quite effective for many sufferers. Short periods of icing—20 minutes or less—should be alternated with heat therapy which can also soothe pain, promote circulation and expedite healing.

Anti-inflammatory medications—
one of the key physiological responses to sciatica pain is inflammation of the surrounding tissue which can further aggravate pain symptoms. That is why many doctors recommend anti-inflammatory drugs like NSAIDS (e.g. aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen) to help limit swelling. In some cases, your doctor may recommend steroid injections to help reduce inflammation and pain.

Physical therapy—
for many patients, physical therapy that includes stretches and back strengthening exercises can help alleviate sciatica back pain. These exercises can help stretch your back and reduce pressure on your sciatic nerve. They may also help align your spine in to a more natural and less painful posture. It is important to maintain your physical therapy regimen until your doctor tells you to stop so that you can obtain the maximum benefit.

Exercise—
one key factor for many sciatica pain patients is the presence of belly fat. Not only does this press on the spine, making you more prone to a herniated disc, but it may also exacerbate a sciatica condition by increasing pressure on the sciatic nerve. That is one of the primary reasons why you should maintain a regular exercise regimen that includes stretching, cardiovascular exercise, and muscle building exercise. Discuss any new fitness program with your doctor prior to beginning to prevent any injury.