27/06/2024
STROKE فالج
Stroke is a neurological event which occur in sudden onset due to non-
traumatic cause and must be vascular resulting focal neurological deficit which must be persist more than 24 hours.
CAUSES:
1) Infraction:
> Thrombosis
> Steroid
> Smoking
> Alkali intake
2) Hemorrhage:
> High blood pressure
> Vascular:-
= Arterial Disease
= Venous Disease
> AVM=Anterior venous malformation
CLASSIFICATION:
1) Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
2) Stroke in evolution
3) Complete stroke:
It has two types-According to pathological
A) Ischemic stroke(80%)
B) Hemorrhage stroke(20%)
SIGNS and SYMPTOMS:
> Loss of vision or double vision
> Slurred speech
> Spinning sensations or dizziness
> Loss of balance or coordination
> Sudden numbness or weakness of face, arm or leg specially on one side of the body
> Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding
> Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
Sudden trouble walking
> Sudden severe headache with no known cause
OTHER important but LESS COMMON stroke symptoms:
> Sudden nausea and vomiting
> Brief loss of consciousness or period of decreased consciousness (fainting, confusion, convulsions or coma).
RISK FACTORS:
> Age
> Gender
> Race
> Family and health history
> High blood pressure
> High cholesterol
> Smoking
> Drinking too much alcohol
> Being overweight
> Unhealthy diet
> Not getting enough exercise
> Heart disease; atrial fibrillation (irregular heartbeat) in particular can cause blood clots
> Atherosclerosis (fatty deposits in arteries)
> Diabetes.
DECREASING your RISK:
> Identify and treat high blood pressure
> Identify and treat diabetes
> Stop smoking
> Identify and treat high cholesterol
> Take blood thinners if recommended by your doctor
> Exercise regularly ( more than 30 minutes most days of the week)
> Avoid high sodium and excess fat in diet in order to maintain a healthy weight and prevent development of hypertension and diabetes.
Physiotherapy management of stroke:
➡️Physiotherapy- as early as possible:
🔹️Initially passive moments
🔹️Active assisted exercise
🔹️Later active movements
🔹️In every case early mobilization prevents contractures, spasticity and atrophy.
🔹️Electrotherapy (Ems).
🔹️Respiratory management-
a. Chest physio
b. Postural drainage
🔹️Positioning
🔹️Bladder & bowel training
🔹️Gait re-education
🔹️Treadmill Training
🔹️Bobath approach
🔹️Balance training
🔹️Physical activities might include:
> Motor-skill exercises
> Constraint-induced therapy
> Mobility training.
🔹️Technology-assisted physical activities might include:
> Functional electrical stimulation
> Robotic technology
> Wireless technology
> Virtual reality.
🔹️Cognitive and emotional activities might include:
> Psychological evaluation and treatment
> Therapy for communication disorders
> Therapy for cognitive disorders
> Medication
🔹️Experimental therapies include:
> Non invasive brain stimulation
> Biological therapies
> Alternative medicine: Treatments such as massage, herbal therapy, acupuncture and oxygen therapy are being evaluated.
🔹️Stretching exercise ( spastic management)
🔹️Hydrotherapy
🔹️Orthotics
🔹️Bilateral Arm Training
🔹️Constraint Induced Movement Therapy
🔹️Strength Training
🔹️Mirror Training
Dr. Awais Habib
0302 4529060
Home physiotherapist in islamabad /Lahore Everyone Physiotherapy