
24/06/2025
Atherosclerosis is a condition where plaque builds up inside your arteries, making them narrow, stiff, and less flexible. Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body, but when plaque forms—a mix of fats, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances—it limits the flow of blood to your organs. Over time, this buildup can harden and even break off, causing dangerous clots that may lead to a heart attack or stroke.
High cholesterol is one of the main causes, often driven by diets full of fatty or processed foods. Other major risk factors include aging, family history, smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, and lack of physical activity. The scary part is that you might not feel any symptoms early on. It’s only when an artery becomes seriously blocked that signs like chest pain, shortness of breath, or fatigue appear. In more severe cases, heart attack symptoms like jaw pain, left arm discomfort, or cold sweats may happen. Stroke symptoms are different and include numbness, trouble speaking, and balance issues.
Diagnosis involves checking symptoms, cholesterol levels, and heart health through tests like ECGs, ultrasounds, or stress tests. Treatment starts with lifestyle changes: eat healthier, quit smoking, and stay active. In some cases, medications like statins, blood thinners, or blood pressure drugs are prescribed. Starting prevention early can make a huge difference before complications appear.