Dr.Muhammad Arif PT

27/06/2025

11/06/2025

Nawaz Rehab Max Physiotherapy Clinic College Chowk Ali Pur
contact no: 03036517404

15/11/2024

ARTHRITIS
Arthritis is an inflammation of the joints. It can affect one joint or multiple joints. There are more than 100 different types of arthritis, with different causes and treatment methods. Two of the most common types are osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
CAUSES
Cartilage is a firm but flexible connective tissue in your joints. It protects the joints by absorbing the pressure and shock created when you move and put stress on them. A reduction in the normal amount of this cartilage tissue cause some forms of arthritis.
📌Normal wear and tear causes osteoarthritis, one of the most common forms of arthritis. An infection or injury to the joints can exacerbate this natural breakdown of cartilage tissue. Your risk of developing OA may be higher if you have a family history of the disease.
📌Another common form of arthritis is Rheumatoid Arthritis an autoimmune disorder. It occurs when your body’s immune system attacks the tissues of the body. These attacks affect the synovium, a soft tissue in your joints that produces a fluid that nourishes the cartilage and lubricates the joints.
SYMPTOMS
The symptoms of arthritis usually develop over time, but they may also appear suddenly. Arthritis is most commonly seen in adults over the age of 65, but it can also develop in children, teens, and younger adults. Arthritis is more common in women than men and in people who are overweight. Few symptoms are:
👉Joint pain
👉Stiffness
👉Swelling are the most common.
Your range of motion may also decrease, and you may experience redness of the skin around the joint. Many people with arthritis notice their symptoms are worse in the morning.
In the case of RA, you may feel tired or experience a loss of appetite due to the inflammation the immune system’s activity causes. You may also become anemic meaning your red blood cell count decreases or have a slight fever. Severe RA can cause joint deformity if left.
DIAGNOSIS
Arthritis can be diagnosed by:
👉Blood tests that check for specific types of antibodies like anti-CCP (anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide), RF (rheumatoid factor), and ANA (antinuclear antibody).
👉Doctors commonly use imaging scans such as X-ray, MRI, and CT scans to produce an image of your bones and cartilage. This is so they can rule out other causes of your symptoms, such as bone spur
TREATMENT
The main goal of treatment is to reduce the amount of pain you’re experiencing and prevent additional damage to the jointsSome people find heating pads and ice packs to be soothing. Others use mobility assistance devices, like canes or walkers, to help take pressure off sore joints.
Medication
A number of different types of medication treat arthritis:
👉Analgesics, such as hydrocodone (Vicodin) or acetaminophen (Tylenol), are effective for pain management, but don’t help decrease inflammation.
👉Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen(Advil) and salicylates, help control pain and inflammation. Salicylates can thin the blood, so they should be used very cautiously with additional blood thinning medications.
👉Menthol or capsaicin creams block the transmission of pain signals from your joints.
👉Immunosuppressant like prednisone or cortisone help reduce inflammation.
Surgery and physical therapy are also treatments for arthritis.
PREVENTION
👉Weight loss and maintaining a healthy weight reduce the risk of developing osteoarthritis and can reduce symptoms if you already have it.
👉Eating a healthy diet is important for weight loss. Choosing a diet with lots of antioxidants, such as fresh fruits, vegetables, and herbs, can help reduce inflammation. Other inflammation-reducing foods include fish and nuts.
👉Foods to minimize or avoid if you have arthritis include fried foods, processed foods, dairy products, and high intakes of meat.
👉Regular exercise will keep your joints flexible.

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15/11/2024

💥Nerve Pain💥

Nerve pain is due to problems with the signals from the nerves. Nerve pain due to an injury is known as "nociceptive pain". However, nerve pain that is caused by disease or damage affecting the nervous system is called neuralgia or neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain is caused by a problem with the nerves, sending pain messages to the brain.

🔴Nerve injury can be classified into three types:

✔️Neuropraxia– blockage of nerve conduction but the nerve is intact. Spontaneous recovery in 4-6 weeks.

✔️Axonotmesis– internal structures of the nerve are damaged, with no or partial damage to the outer part.

✔️Neurotmesis– rupture of the nerve. The most severe type of nerve injury with no chance of spontaneous recovery.

📛Symptoms
Nerve problems can cause a variety of symptoms, often these are described as shooting pain, stabbing, burning, aching or electric shock sensations. Mild symptoms may be due to an inflamed nerve which is sending out normal pain signals. However more severe symptoms are due to a nerve which is blocked or compressed. Some examples of mild vs. more severe symptoms include:

⛔Mild Symptoms
Pins and needles
Burning
Pain
Increase sensitivity

⛔More Severe Symptoms
Weakness
Numbness
Paraesthesia
Poor reflexes

⛔Causes Of Nerve Pain

➡️Injury
➡️Sciatica
➡️Carpal tunnel
➡️Diabetes
➡️Shingles
➡️Cancer
➡️Multiple sclerosis
➡️Alcoholism
➡️Nerve disorders

🎛Pinched Nerve
A ‘pinched nerve’ is a layman’s term for a common nerve problem. This can be mild, due to irritation of the nerve or more severe due to compression. One of the most common nerves associated with this type of problem is the sciatic nerve.

In more severe cases the sciatic nerve can get pinched due to a disc protrusion, ligament swelling or an arthritic spur. It can also be irritated by simple day to day activities even in the absence of significant structural problems. Both scenarios can cause referred leg pain, commonly known as sciatica with the more severe situations causing nerve pain, muscle weakness, poor reflexes or sensory loss...!!!

15/11/2024

💥Best Moments💥 in a Physiotherapist Life:

1. When patient says "Its you who can make me walk doctor."

2. We balance the life of Parkinson's patient.

3. A Perfect physiotherapy treatment without any complications.

4. We Add Life to Years.

5. When student performs well and patient gives a good feedback about them.

6. When you silently prove your clinical argument with good results.

7. When patient says that "I am tired of taking medicine" and prefer exercise.

8. Hold, hold, hold & just releases pain & improves range.

9. When patient say that "I am able to eat with my fractured hand bacause of you"

10. We make disabled differently abled.

11. When patient says "I am experiencing sound sleep these days because of you"

12. We sense ability beyond disability.

13. We welcome you, you go well.

14. We appriciate an integrated approach to wellness & painfree living is a key.

15. We are happy when we work day-night in ICU & make patient wean off from ventilator & decrease stay in ICU.

16. We work hard for the patient with blockage in airway & prevent the need of Bronchoscopy which is invasive & costly.

17. When someone says "I want to become Physiotherapist like you"

There are many more. At the end of the day, disability humbles everyone but it is Physiotherapist who stands to defend without thinking if they are good or bad, friends or enemy.

15/11/2024

🔴 PHYSIOTHERAPY FOR TORTICOLLIS

🌔 TECHNIQUES:

➡️MANUAL STRETCHING
➡️ MASSAGE
➡️KINESIO TAPING
➡️AROM EXERCISES
➡️PROPER HANDLING TECHNIQUES.

No matter the type of torticollis, the baby's neck flexes or turns abnormally leading to imbalances in the neck muscles especially the Sternocleidomastoid muscle.

The affected part of the neck will have shortened, strong muscles whilst the opposite side will have stretched, weak muscles.

Regarding this, the affected part is always kept to a fixed position (lateral flexion) due to the Sternocleidomastoid muscle being shortened. There is always feeling of pain especially when active or passive movement opposes this position. This and many other associated impairments necessitate the use of Techniques listed above.

➡️MANUAL STRETCHING
In torticollis, the Sternocleidomastoid muscle becomes very shortened on one side of your baby's neck. This causes the baby's head remains in a lateral flexion position and your baby may prefer to keep to that position alone.

With this, we have to perform manual stretching to stretch the shortened muscle on the affected side. This will be very discomfort to your baby though but doing so will lengthen the Sternocleidomastoid muscle on the affected part of the neck to correct the muscle imbalances. This can be done perfectly when Therapist places one of the hands on the shoulder and one on the lateral aspect of the head(temporal bone) ipsilateral to the Shoulder fixated. Therapist then stretches the tight muscle by providing counter stretch force gradually holding it for 10 seconds and then releases it for 10x.

➡️AROM EXERCISES
Active Rom Exercises will be helpful to institute active movement of the baby's neck. By using certain techniques, therapist can get your baby perform certain neck movement actively. This will not only help promotes strength in the muscles but will also help manage the pain associated with it and at large, ensure voluntary usage of the dormant muscles. Therapist can use stimulants: things the child is interested to cause the child to move the neck along especially when these objects

15/11/2024

What is piriformis syndrome?

It is inflammation of the sciatic nerve caused by an abnormal condition of the piriformis muscle. The piriformis muscle is a deep bum muscle which helps with external rotation the hip, we externally rotate the hip when getting in and out of the car

Caused by:

-Micro trauma to the bum muscles, which leads to inflammation and muscle spasms, this causes compression of the sciatic nerve. This microtrauma is commonly caused by long distance running, long distance walking or sitting on a hard surface for long periods of time.

-Shortened piriformis muscle due to biomechanics of the lower limbs, lower back and pelvic regions.

Symptoms:

-deep burning sensation that increases when walking, running or climbing stairs
- tingly feeling in bum area, back of legs and outside aspect of the foot

15/11/2024

⚠️ WHAT CAUSES SACROILIAC JOINT PAIN?

1. Hypermobility / Instability

2. Hypomobility / Stiffness

⛔ This results in inflammation of one or both of your Sacroiliac joints.

⚠️ SYMPTOMS OF SACROILIAC JOINT DYSFUNCTION?

➡️ Sacroiliac joint dysfunction can cause lower back, hip, groin, buttock and sciatic pain.

➡️ Sacroiliac pain is typically worse with standing and walking and improved when lying down, but not always.

➡️ it can sometimes be painful to sit cross legged and is normally painful to lie on your side for extend periods.

➡️ Bending forward, stair climbing, hill climbing, and rising from a seated position can also provoke sacroiliac pain.

⚠️ SACROILIAC JOINT Pain MANAGEMENT:

⛔ A programme of strength and flexibility exercises to be done on a regular basis.

15/11/2024

Sacroiliac joint dysfunction or sacroilitis can be due to prior trauma (fall/twisting injury/accident ), wear /tear or degeneration of the joint cartilage. Sacroilitis is typically the first symptom of inflammatory back pain / AS .

It is an inflammation of one or both of your sacroiliac joints — situated where your lower spine and pelvis connect.

Sacroilitis can cause moderate to severe pain in your buttocks or lower back, and can extend down one or both legs.

It can be treated with medications, physical therapy , diagnostic /therapeutic injections , radio frequency ablation to numb the nerves of the joint or surgical fusion of the joint .

If the pain of the sacroiliac joint is not relieved by conservative management, minimally invasive USG guided intervention is done as an outpatient /OPD procedure with almost immediate diagnostic and therapeutic effect .

15/11/2024

✨Clinical Presentation of SIJ syndrome

➡️Symptoms of sacroiliac joint syndrome are often difficult to distinguish from other types of low back pain. This is why making a diagnosis of sacroiliac joint syndrome is very difficult.

✨The most common symptoms include

➡️Pain is usually localized over the buttock
➡️Patients can often complain of sharp, stabbing, and/or shooting pain which extends down the posterior thigh usually not past the knee.
➡️Pain can frequently mimic and be misdiagnosed as radicular pain
➡️Difficulty sitting in one place for too long due to pain
➡️Local tenderness of the posterior aspect of the sacroiliac joint (near the PSIS)
➡️Pain occurs when the joint is mechanically stressed eg forward bending
➡️Absence of neurological deficit/nerve root tension signs
➡️Aberrant sacroiliac movement pattern
➡️Patients will frequently complain of pain while sitting down, lying on the ipsilateral side of pain, or climbing stairs

15/11/2024

𝐒𝐏𝐈𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐍𝐎𝐒𝐈𝐒:
Narrowing down of Spine spaces that creates pressure on the spinal cord/ nerve roots.
𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐭𝐨𝐦𝐬:
Usually shows no symptoms. But gets worst with time.
𝐋𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐁𝐚𝐜𝐤: _ Standing for long/walk, Pain or Cramps in one or both legs. Some people have back pain.
𝐈𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐞𝐜𝐤: _ It causes:
1. 𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬,𝐓𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐨𝐫 𝐖𝐞𝐚𝐤𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐋𝐢𝐦𝐛𝐬
2. Problems with walking and balance.
3. Neck pain.
4. Problems with the bowel or bladder.
5. Bladder and sexual disfunctioning.
𝐂𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐬:
1. Arthritis
2. Osteoarthritis.
3. Rheumatoid arthritis.
𝐀𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐚𝐠𝐞-𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐬𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞:
1. Happens over a period of time. 2. Slowly causes Deformity of spine.
𝐎𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬:
1. Tumors of the spine.
2. Fractures due to injury.
3. Paget’s disease of bones. etc.
𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐒𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐬
1. Small/ narrow spinal canal.
2. Scoliosis
3. Achondroplasia
𝐀𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐞𝐬
1. The chances Increases with age.
2. Younger people with narrow spinal canal/with a spinal injury
𝐒𝐓𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐒:
Such Degenerative conditions occur in approx. 𝟗𝟓% 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐨𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧.
Medxol 🇵🇰

15/11/2024

Types of Back Pain

Following are the most common types of back pain that occur due to different spinal issues:

Lower back pain
Lower back pain is the most common type of back pain that occurs due to deformity in spine structure or muscular strain.

Upper back pain
This is caused due to problems in the upper (thoracic) spine or cervical spine. Know about its treatment options and how you can get rid of it completely.

Herniated disc
The disc slips due to aging and other factors. Now, herniated disc pain can be treated through laser therapy.

Spondylosis
Is a type of arthritis that wears and tears the spine cartilage and joints. This causes severe pain that can be treated with laser therapy.

Spondylitis
Inflammation of spinal vertebrae causes spondylitis that can hunch the spine if not treated.

Scoliosis
Scoliosis is the sideways curvature of the spine that can affect your posture and movement.

Sciatica
Pain and pressing of the sciatic nerve that starts from the lower back and ends in the toe. You can get rid of sciatic pain with advanced laser therapy.

Osteoporosis
Is the breakage and weakness of bones, caused due to less bone formation and more deterioration. Osteoporosis can be slowed down with laser therapy.

Lumbar stenosis
It’s the condition that causes the narrowing of space between vertebrae, causing pressure on the spinal nerves.

Spondylolisthesis
It’s a spinal condition that causes severe lower back pain. The vertebra slips over the one below it, causing pain and inflammation.