Dr Azizullah Consultant Child Specialist And PAEDS Cardiologist

23/07/2025

23/05/2025

PAPVR + LPA origin stenosis.
Right Upper and middle pulmonary vein draining anomalously into SVC

02/05/2025

Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement.

02/05/2025

Large Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) on Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) cardiology

26/01/2025

During 11th Vietnam Congress of CONGENITAL AND STRUCTURAL Heart Diseases 2025

10/11/2024

A small Baby having Large MMC (Meningomyelocele) Presented for Pediatric Echocardiography and Cardiac Evaluation, His Heart was found structurally and Functionally Normal.

19/10/2024

Supracardiac TAPVR (Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return),
All pulmonary veins join to form a Common confluence and through Ascending channel drain into
Innominate vein and Superior vena cava. ,

15/09/2024

A 12-year-old female patient presented with respiratory distress with large pericardial effusion (Cardiac Temponade). her Pericardiocentesis done under Anesthesia team support and drained 300 ml blood stained fluid and sent for lab investigation. Her Echocardiography before and after pericardiocentesis .

25/08/2024

Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR) Infracardiac Type.
In a child born with total anomalous — which means abnormal — pulmonary venous return (TAPVR), the pulmonary veins connect to other veins and ultimately drain their blood into the right atrium. Normally, the right atrium only receives “blue” blood coming back from the body without oxygen, which then passes into the right ventricle and is pumped to the lungs. In TAPVR, the right atrium receives both “blue” blood from the body and “red” blood from the lungs.
INFRACARDIAC TAPVR is a subtype of TAPVR in which the pulmonary veins connect via the umbilicovitelline system. The pulmonary veins drain to a confluence which in turn drains inferiorly, most commonly via a descending vertical vein which descends anterior to the esophagus through the diaphragm into the portal venous system (most common), ductus venosus, hepatic veins or IVC. This subtype of TAPVR can result in pulmonary venous obstruction as the descending vertical vein drains within the portal venous system. Obstruction may be secondary to multiple etiologies which include intrinsic narrowing of the connecting vessel, the interposition of the hepatic sinusoids between the pulmonary veins and the heart and constriction of the ductus venosus. An atrial septal defect is necessary to allow pulmonary venous return to reach the left heart and systemic circulation.

21/08/2024

KAWASAKI DISEASE (KD) And CORONARY ARTERY ANEURYSM(CAA).
A 7 month old child with kawasaki disease presented for Echocardiography ,his Echocardiography revealed Giant Coronary Artery Aneurysm (Giant CAA).KD is the most common vasculitis causing acquired coronary artery aneurysm (CAA). Majority of these patients are younger than 5 years old. Echocardiogram is the mainstay of cardiac imaging for Kawasaki disease patients complicated by CAA, but computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) has additional diagnostic and prognostic values in giant CAA.

28/07/2024

Cardiac cath Pulmonary Artery angiogram showing relatively small Left pulmonary artery as compared to right pulmonary artery in DORV,TOF patient.

28/07/2024

TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS (TYPE 4 A)images
TA occurs when the two main blood vessels arising from the heart — the aorta and the pulmonary artery — do not separate as they should during fetal development. Babies with TA are born with one large vessel, or “trunk,” exiting the heart instead of two separate ones.

In most cases, TA occurs with another congenital heart defect called ventricular septal defect (VSD). VSD is a hole in the wall between the heart’s two lower chambers.
runcus Arteriosus symptoms in infants may include:

Breathing problems
Cyanosis (bluish skin, lips and nails from not getting enough oxygen-rich blood)
Difficulty feeding
Fatigue or extreme sleepiness
Heart murmur (abnormal sounds in the heart)
Poor weight gain
Pounding heart
Weak pulse
Truncus Arteriosus Diagnosis
A doctor may diagnose TA before birth with a prenatal ultrasound. If clinicians notice symptoms of TA after birth, they may perform the following tests:

Cardiac catheterization
Chest X-ray
Echocardiogram (echo)
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Pulse oximetry
Truncus Arteriosus Treatment
Babies with TA should have surgery within a few weeks after birth. Left untreated, TA can cause severe health complications or death because the amount of blood can overload the lungs while the oxygen level is too low.

Truncus arteriosus repair surgery
Truncus arteriosus repair involves the following steps:

Separating the pulmonary arteries from the aorta
Attaching the pulmonary arteries to the right ventricle using artificial tubes and valves
Repairing the trunk so it functions as a separate aorta
Applying a patch to close the ventricular septal defect
Some babies are not strong enough to have truncus arteriosus surgery right after birth. They may need special treatments for a few weeks until they are ready for the repair, such as:

Medication to help the heart pump blood more efficiently
Nutritional therapy, such as high-calorie formula, for weight gain
Tube feeding if the baby is too tired to bottle feed or breastfeed
Sometimes a smaller, temporary surgery can be done. During this surgery, a band is placed across the pulmonary artery to protect the lungs by managing the blood flow to the rest of the body. This can give the baby time to grow big enough to have a more lasting surgery.