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Neuroanatomy research group

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Neuroanatomy research group

Medical education on Neurosurgery

23/01/2026

101 Neurovascular course

Microsurgery Microvascular anastomosis course

Ongoing now 🛜

16/01/2026

Precourse vedio lecture

𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗿𝗼𝘀𝘂𝗿𝗴𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗠𝗶𝗰𝗿𝗼𝘃𝗮𝘀𝗰𝘂𝗹𝗮𝗿 𝗔𝗻𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗺𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘀 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲
January 23 and 24, 2026

11/01/2026

Precision matters.... ➪🧠

External Ventricular Drain (𝗘𝗩𝗗) insertion is all about surface landmarks:
- 𝗘ntery point.
- 𝗧rajectory.
- 𝗩𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘂𝗹𝗮𝗿 - Target.

𝗥especting ventricular anatomy—small angles, big consequences.

29/12/2025

Chronic Subdural Hematoma (cSDH)
𝙒𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙨𝙪𝙧𝙜𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙡 𝙛𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙤𝙧𝙨 increases the recurrence rate?

1️⃣ Postoperative drain
Drain vs. No Drain.
2️⃣ Subdural vs Subperiosteal (subgaleal) drains.
3️⃣ Beriod of leaving drain 24 h vs. 48 h.
4️⃣ Irrigation vs No irrigation.
5️⃣ Body-temperature irrigation vs room-temperature irrigation.
6️⃣ Drain trajectory (posterior vs Anterior.
7️⃣ Twist-drill versus burr-hole.
8️⃣ One burr-hole vs two burr-holes.
9️⃣ Craniotomy vs burr-hole.
🔟 Septations removal vs Non-removal.

What is the evidence says 🤔
Answer to fllow ☁︎

26/12/2025

The 𝗖𝗶𝗿𝗰𝗹𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗶𝘀...
ఌ︎. Not just an anatomical ring ! it is a promise.
ఌ︎. A promise that when one road falters, another will rise to carry life forward.

🧠 Dissection ᵇʸ ᵗʰᵉ ⁿᵉᵘʳᵒᵃⁿᵃᵗᵒᵐʸ ʳᵉᵃˢᵃʳᶜʰ 𝗴ʳᵒᵘᵖ

25/12/2025

Microsurgery Microvascular anastomosis 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲..

Details to be announced. 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑦 𝑇𝑢𝑛𝑒𝑑.

20/12/2025

🧠 𝗕𝗿𝗮𝗶𝗻 𝗔𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗲𝘀𝗱 – Key Points !
ᶠᵒᶜᵃˡ ⁱⁿᵗʳᵃᶜʳᵃⁿⁱᵃˡ ⁱⁿᶠᵉᶜᵗⁱᵒⁿ
1- 𝗦𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗲𝗱: sinusitis, mastoiditis/otitis, hematogenous spread, trauma, post-op.
2- 𝗟𝗼𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀: frontal & temporal lobes.
3- 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝘁𝗼𝗺𝘀: headache, fever, focal deficits (classic triad is uncommon)
4- Common 𝗢𝗿𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝗺𝘀: streptococci & staphylococci
5- 𝗗𝗶𝗮𝗴𝗻𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘀: CT with contrast + MRI (DWI is key)
6- 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀: cerebritis → capsule formation.
7- 𝗧𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁: IV antibiotics ± stereotactic aspiration or excision.
8- 𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗲: many recover well, but mortality remains significant

#ⁿᵉᵘʳᵒᵃⁿᵃᵗᵒᵐʸ ʳᵉˢᵉᵃʳᶜʰ ᵍʳᵒᵘᵖ

20/11/2025

𝗕𝗥𝗔𝗜𝗡𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗠: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝘂𝗹𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗙𝗼𝘂𝗿
ᵐᵒᵛᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗˢ ᵒᶠ ᵗʰᵉ ᵉʸᵉˢ ᵃⁿᵈ ᵗʰᵉ ᵗᵒⁿᵍᵘᵉ !
(👀 , 👅 and the 🧠)

The movement of the eyes and tongue is controlled by 𝗙𝗼𝘂𝗿 pure motor cranial nerves.
- The oculomotor (𝘾𝙉 III).
- The trochlear (𝘾𝙉 IV).
- The abducens (𝘾𝙉 VI).
- The hypoglossal (𝘾𝙉 XII).

* All four neuclei are located in the midline.
* All four nerves embrologicaly are somatic motor origin.
* All are pure motor and voluntary movement.

All are connected through internal fibers for better coordination of the eyes and tongue movement.

𝗥𝗲𝗳𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲: Bafaquh M: A potential new brainstem reflex: The oculoglossal phenomenon. Surg Neurol Int. 2021 Aug 3;12:388. doi: 10.25259/SNI_334_2021. PMID: 34513155; PMCID: PMC8422429.

19/11/2025

Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (𝗔𝗩𝗠) AVM Embolization: Pre- and Post-Treatment Angiographic Comparison

The left panel demonstrates a grade II cerebral AVM consisting of multiple 𝗠𝗖𝗔 feeding arteries, a compact nidus, and an early opacified draining vein, indicating high-flow arteriovenous shunting and absence of a normal capillary bed.
- Such hemodynamic stress predisposes to rupture and intracranial hemorrhage.

- Endovascular embolization was performed via superselective microcatheterization of the arterial feeders, followed by controlled injection of 𝗢𝗻𝘆𝘅 18—a low-viscosity ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer formulation—allowing deep nidus pe*******on and cohesive filling while minimizing reflux.

- The right panel, obtained post-embolization, reveals near-complete angiographic obliteration of the nidus and restoration of normal cerebral venous drainage patterns.

This illustrates the efficacy of liquid embolic agents in achieving durable flow reduction and preparing the lesion for potential surgical resection or stereotactic radiosurgery.

17/11/2025

A carotid–cavernous fistula (CCF) 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗷𝘂𝗻𝗰𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗹 𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗲𝘄 !

- Abnormal connection between the carotid arterial system and the cavernous sinus, leading to high-flow shunting of arterial blood into the venous system.
- This elevated venous pressure causes congestion of the orbital veins, resulting in classic ocular findings such as:
* pulsatile proptosis
* chemosis
* conjunctival arterialization, often described as “𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗲𝘄” vessels.
^ These twisting, engorged conjunctival vessels reflect the high-flow state and impaired venous drainage seen in CCFs.

13/11/2025

The Neuroanatomy Research Group is launching a series of oral mock exam sessions this Saturday (November 15, 2025) 🧠✨

A targeted group of participants has already been arranged—get ready for focused, high-yield preparation. 📚🔥

Full review of a Neurosurgical condition in one slide👇💫

10/11/2025

Brain Medial view of the deep structures - The 𝗔𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗼𝗿 𝗖𝗵𝗼𝗿𝗼𝗶𝗱𝗮𝗹 𝗔𝗿𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘆 (AChA) and the 𝗛𝗛𝗛 𝘀𝘆𝗻𝗱𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗲

Dissection demonstrates the anterior choroidal artery (AChA) arising from the internal carotid artery (ICA).
The AChA courses posterolaterally beneath the 𝗨𝗻𝗰𝘂𝘀, supplying the following:
1- Optic tract.
2- Posterior limb of the internal capsule.
3- Globus pallidus.
4- Lateral geniculate body.
5- Chroid plexus.

Classic 𝗔𝗖𝗵𝗔 𝗦𝘆𝗻𝗱𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗲 "𝗛𝗛𝗛" (Triad):
- described by Foix and Charcot-

1. Contralateral 𝗛emiplegia – corticospinal fibers in the posterior limb of the internal capsule.
2. Contralateral 𝗛emisensory loss – damage to thalamocortical sensory fibers traversing the same region.
3. Contralateral 𝗛omonymous hemianopia – from ischemia of the optic tract or lateral geniculate body.

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