17/09/2021
::: Sunscreen in children :::
Warm, sunny days are wonderful for our kids to spend time outdoors playing and exercising, and it's important they enjoy it safely.
Here are some common questions regarding sunscreen:
1. Who needs to use sunscreen?
Children above the 6 months of age should use sunscreen daily. For babies less than 6 months old, it is recommended to keep them out of out of direct sunlight, and to stay in the shade (e.g. under a tree, stroller canopy).
2. How do I choose a sunscreen?
A broad-spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen with at least SPF 30 or higher and a PA level of +++ is recommended according to the American Academy of Dermatology.
3. What does SPF stand for?
SPF stands for Sun Protection Factor, which measures the protection against UVB rays. For instance, if your child’s skin would normally burn after 10 minutes in the sun, applying an SPF 15 sunscreen allows him or her to stay in the sun without burning for approximately 150 minutes (i.e. a factor of 15x).
SPF rating does not protect from UVA rays, which are longwave rays which pe*****te deep into the skin. For UVA protection, look out for more + signs after PA.
4. What are the types of sunscreens available?
Sunscreens can be generally divided into:
a. Mineral-based sunscreens (also known as physical blockers) – These work by sitting on top of the skin to deflect and scatter damaging UV rays. Look for the active ingredients of titanium dioxide or zinc oxide.
b. Chemical sunscreens – These work by creating a chemical by changing UV rays into heat, then releasing that heat from the skin. Look for the active ingredients of oxybenzone, octinoxate, octisalate and avobenzone.
Nowadays, many sunscreens use a combination of physical and chemical blockers.
5. How do I apply sunscreen?
Apply sunscreen 15 to 30 minutes before going, and even on cloudy days, as up to 80% of the sun’s UV rays can get through the clouds! Use enough sunscreen to cover all exposed areas, especially the face, nose, ears, feet, hands, and even backs of the knees and rub it in well. Reapply sunscreen every 2 hours and after swimming, sweating, or drying off with a towel.
6. Other sun safety tips
a. Limit sun exposure between 10am to 3pm when UV rays are strongest
b. Choose cool, comfortable, clothing that covers the body for additional protection
c. Choose a wide brimmed hat for your child to protect the face, ears and neck
d. Look for child sized sunglasses with at least 99% UV protection