31/07/2025
Stool Test (Routine Microscopy)
1. Objective:
The objective of the stool test was to detect the presence of intestinal parasites, eggs, cysts, blood, mucus, pus cells, or abnormal constituents in the stool sample, aiding in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal infections or disorders.
2. Principle:
The test was based on microscopic examination of freshly collected stool to identify parasitic forms and chemical or visual detection of abnormalities such as occult blood, mucus, and fat globules.
3. Materials:
Clean, wide-mouthed stool container with lid
Applicator stick or spoon
Normal saline and iodine solution
Glass slides and coverslips
Light microscope
Gloves and PPE
Labeling materials
Waste disposal bin and disinfectant
4. Procedure (Microscopic):
1. A fresh stool sample was collected in a sterile container.
2. A small portion was emulsified in normal saline on a glass slide.
3. Another slide was prepared with iodine stain to detect cysts more clearly.
4. Coverslips were placed and slides were examined under 10x and 40x objectives.
5. The presence of ova, cysts, trophozoites, pus cells, RBCs, and fat globules was noted.
6. Additional chemical tests (e.g., occult blood) were performed if requested.
5. Result:
Normal: No parasites, no blood, no excess mucus or abnormal cells.
Abnormal: Presence of parasites (e.g., Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica), pus cells, RBCs, or fat indicating infection or malabsorption.
6. Uses:
It was used to diagnose parasitic infections, diarrhea causes, malabsorption, and inflammatory bowel diseases.
Also helpful in food poisoning and amoebic dysentery diagnosis.
7. Consultation:
Patients with abnormal findings were referred to a physician or gastroenterologist. Anti-parasitic or antibiotic treatment was prescribed based on the organism detected.
