07/08/2018
💯💯💯Important points ✈✈✈✈✈
*.Pulmonary *Tuberculosis (PTB)* —low-gradeafternoon fever.
*. *Pneumonia* —rust-colored sputum.
*.Asthma*—wheezing on expiration.
*.Emphysema*—barrel chest.
*.Kawasaki Syndrome*—strawberry tongue.
*.Pernicious Anemia*—red beefy tongue.
*.Down syndrome*—protruding tongue.
*.Cholera*—rice-watery stool and washer woman’s hands (wrinkled hands from dehydration).
*.Malaria*—stepladder like fever with chills.
*.Typhoid*—rose spots in the abdomen.
*.Dengue*—fever,rash, and headache. Positive Herman’s sign.
*.Diphtheria*—pseudomembrane formation.
*.Measles*—Koplik’s spots (clustered white lesions on buccal mucosa).
*.Systemic Lupus Erythematosus*—butterfly rash.
*.Leprosy*—leonine facies (thickened folded facial skin).
*.Bulimia*—chipmunk facies (parotid gland swelling).
*.Appendicitis*—rebound tenderness at McBurney’s point.
Rovsing’s sign (palpation of LLQ elicits pain in RLQ). Psoas sign (pain from flexing the thigh to the hip).
*.Meningitis*—Kernig’s sign (stiffness of hamstrings causing inability to straighten the leg when the hip is flexed to 90 degrees),
Brudzinski’s sign (forced flexion of the neck elicits a reflex flexion of the hips).
*.Tetany*—hypocalcemia, [+] Trousseau’s sign; Chvostek sign.
*.Tetanus*— Risus sardonicus or rictus grin.
*.Pancreatitis*—Cullen’s sign (ecchymosis of the umbilicus), Grey Turner’s sign (bruising of the flank).
*.Pyloric Stenosis*—olive like mass.
*.Patent Ductus Arteriosus*—washing machine-like murmur.
*.Addison’s disease*—bronzelike skin pigmentation.
*.Cushing’s syndrome*—moon face appearance and buffalo hump.
*.Grave’s Disease (Hyperthyroidism)*—Exophthalmos(bulging of the eye out of the orbit).
*.Intussusception—Sausage*-shaped mass.
*.Multiple Sclerosis*—Charcot’s Triad: nystagmus, intention tremor, and dysarthria.
*.Myasthenia Gravis*—descending muscle weakness, ptosis (drooping of eyelids).
*.Guillain-Barre Syndrome*—ascending muscles weakness.
*.Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)*—Homan’s Sign.
*.Angina*—crushing, stabbing pain relieved by NTG.
*.Myocardial Infarction (MI)*—crushing, stabbing pain radiating to left shoulder, neck, and arms. Unrelieved by NTG.
*.Parkinson’s disease*—pill-rolling tremors.
*.Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection*—Owl’seye appearance of cells (huge nucleus in cells).
*.Glaucoma*—tunnel vision.
*.Retinal Detachment*—flashes of light, shadow with curtain across vision.
*.Basilar Skull Fracture*—Raccoon eyes (periorbital ecchymosis) and Battle’s sign (mastoid ecchymosis).
*.Buerger’s Disease*—intermittent claudication (pain at buttocks or legs from poor circulation resulting in impaired walking).
*.Diabetic Ketoacidosis*—acetone breathe.
*.Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH)*—proteinuria, hypertension, edema.
*.Diabetes Mellitus*—polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria.
*.Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)*—heartburn.
*.Hirschsprung’s Disease (Toxic Megacolon)*—ribbon-like stool.
*.Sexual Transmitted Infections:*
*.Herpes Simplex Type Il*—painful vesicles on genitalia
*.Ge***al Warts*—warts 1-2 mm in diameter.
*.Syphilis*—painless chancres.
*.Chancroid*—painful chancres.
*.Gonorrhea*—green, creamy discharges and painful urination.
*.Chlamydia*—milky discharge and painful urination.
*.Candidiasis*—white cheesy odorless vaginal discharges.
*.Trichomoniasis*—yellow, itchy, frothy, and foul-smelling vaginal discharges.
