11/12/2025
…Here is the true story of America's other super left-handed cardiac surgeon, Dr. Denton Cooley. His rivalry with fellow Texan cardiac surgeon, Dr. Michael DeBacky, has left an epic legacy in the history of medicine, especially surgery… I appreciate and respect both pioneers of cardiac surgery, who helped build the glory of success, progress, and supremacy of American medicine. May God bless them for their supreme healthcare services, helping to save millions of lives… MJ
Denton Cooley performed a human heart transplant in 1969 knowing it would ignite the most bitter feud in American medical history — and he did it anyway.
Denton Cooley stood in a Houston operating room on May 3, 1969, preparing to transplant a human heart without the blessing of the man who helped design the machine keeping that patient alive. The surgery was not just medical. It was political. Personal. And guaranteed to fracture his career.
To the public, Denton Cooley was a polished Texas surgeon with steady hands and confidence under pressure. Inside the profession, he was something more dangerous. He was ambitious in a field that hated open ambition. He trained under the legendary Dr. Michael DeBakey at Baylor College of Medicine, forming one of the most effective surgical partnerships of the century. Together, they pioneered cardiovascular techniques that saved thousands.
But power splits partnerships.
By the mid 1960s, artificial heart research became the most sensitive race in medicine. DeBakey led the federally funded program. Cooley ran the operating rooms at St. Luke’s Hospital. The technology existed. The ethics were unresolved. What mattered was who would move first.
On April 4, 1969, Cooley implanted the first total artificial heart in a human patient, Haskell Karp. The device had been designed by Domingo Liotta, an engineer working under DeBakey’s program. Cooley claimed the situation was terminal and time critical. DeBakey claimed the heart was used without authorization. What followed was open war.
When Karp’s artificial heart failed three days later, Cooley performed something unprecedented. He transplanted a donor heart as a rescue procedure. It briefly worked. Karp died soon after from complications. The headlines exploded. So did the professional fallout.
DeBakey accused Cooley of ethical violations and theft of intellectual property. Baylor severed ties. Institutional doors closed. Surgeons took sides. For nearly four decades, the two men stopped speaking.
Cooley kept operating.
He founded the Texas Heart Institute and performed more than 100,000 open heart surgeries over his career. Patients lined up. Results mattered more than resentment. While the feud became legend, Cooley’s operating rooms stayed filled.
In 2007, after 38 years of silence, Denton Cooley and Michael DeBakey appeared together at a medical conference and shook hands. DeBakey was 99 years old. Cooley was 87. No speeches. No apologies. Just acknowledgment.
Denton Cooley did not step into history because consensus invited him in. He stepped because medicine advances when someone accepts the cost of acting first.
The operation saved few lives that day.
The decision changed heart surgery forever.