Abu Medical Clinic

10/11/2020

GONORRHOEA
Gonorrhoea is a contagious disease
transmitted most often through
s*xual contact with an infected
person.
Both men and women can get
gonorrhoea.
Causes of Gonorrhoea
Gonorrhoea is caused by Neisseria
gonorrhoeae, a bacterium that can
grow and multiply easily in the
reproductive organs and can also
grow in the mouth, throat, and a**s.
Symptoms in women
* Greenish yellow or whitish discharge
from the va**na
* Lower abdominal or pelvic pain
* Burning when urinating
* Conjunctivitis (red, itchy eyes)
* Bleeding between periods
* Spotting after in*******se
* Swelling of the v***a (vulvitis)
Many women with gonorrhoea
discharge think they have a yeast
infection which may not be the case.
Gonorrhoea symptoms in men
* Greenish yellow or whitish discharge
from the p***s
* Burning when urinating
* Painful or swollen testicles
In men, symptoms usually appear two
to 14 days after infection.
How Gonorrhea is Treated
* Antibiotics will be prescribed by a
doctor. Finish taking all the drugs even
when you feel better.
* Don't have s*x until you complete
taking all of your medicine or always
use condom when having s*x.
Untreated gonorrhea can cause
serious and permanent problems like
* Infertility in both men and women.
* It can also spread to the blood or
joints. This condition can be life-
threatening.
* Also, people with gonorrhea can
more easily contract HIV leading to
AIDS.
How it Affects Pregnancy and
Childbirth
* In a pregnant woman can cause
premature delivery or spontaneous
abortion.
* The infected mother may pass the
infection to her infant during delivery.
This can cause blindness, joint
infection in the baby.
Treatment of gonorrhea as soon as it
is detected in pregnant women will
lessen the risk of these complications.
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09/11/2020

HOME REMEDIES FOR PIMPLES (ACNE)
1. VINEGAR - Apply lukewarm water
and vinegar to the affected area for
about 5 minutes as this reduces the
size of the pimples.
2. OATMEAL - Cook some oatmeal and
apply it, when it's cool enough, to the
face. Lay down and leave it on for
about fifteen minutes and then wash
it off. The swelling and the redness
should be gone and the pimple
should be visibly reduced. This
oatmeal mask is soothing, effective,
and not
irritating.
3. LEMON - Overnight apply a bit of
fresh lemon juice to the pimple to
reduce its size and intensity. Wash it
off with water the next
morning. Use this only if your skin is
not
sensitive.
4. ICE CUBES - Ice cubes will shrink
the redness and inflammation of a
pimple and make it less noticeable.
5. TOOTHPASTE - Apply a very small
amount of
toothpaste on the pimple before you
go to bed, and when you wake up it
should have drastically reduced in
size.
6. GARLIC - If you rub raw garlic on
and around the problem areas
several times a day, you can clear up
your skin whiles may also eat three
seeds of raw garlic once a day for a
month to see results. The garlic seeds
purify the blood, which help keeping
pimples away.
7. ORANGE PEEL - After orange peels
are
pounded and combined with water to
a paste,
apply it only to the affected area.
8. HONEY - Honey has antimicrobial
properties, so it’s especially great for
acne prone skin types and make sure
t dab a small amount . honey on the
pimple as soon as the head becomes
visible. Put a band-aid on it, and go to
sleep. When you wake up, it will be
gone but don't forget to moisturize
afterwards.
9. CUCUMBER - Try applying grated
cucumber
over the face and neck for the
treatment of
pimples and blackheads. This process
should
only take 15-20 minutes of your time.
You can
also ad 2-3 teaspoons of lemon juice
to the
grated cucumber and mix it until
you'll have a
paste and apply it on the affected
area
10. POTATO- Slice a raw potato and
place it on
top of your pimple and leave it for five
to seven minutes. It helps with healing
as well as reducing the swelling and
inflammation of the pimple.
11. ALOE VERA - Extract the pulp of
aloe vera and apply it over the
pimples or all over your face to get rid
of them.
NB ;
> Keep you face clean and splash
water on your face several times a
day.
> Do not use cosmetics or even the
home
remedies that cause irritation to your
skin.
> Do not play with the pimples or try
to squeeze them.
> If they persist, make sure you
consult a
dermatologist.
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07/11/2020

SELF MEDICATION AND IT'S EFFECTS.
- Many of you may not be aware, but these well
meaning drugs are not without side-effects and
can play havoc with your system if taken without
professional advice. We
have for you the most commonly abused over-
the-counter medicines and their potential side-
effects.
PAIN KILLERS
- Pain killers are drugs used to relieve pain. Most of
them belong to a class of drugs called Non-
steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDS], which
control inflammation, fever and mild pain. Taking
them without consultation, buying them over and
over again using the same prescription, taking a
double dose for quicker relief or using the left-
over medicines later for similar symptoms can put
people in trouble.
POTENTIAL SIDE-EFFECTS
+ Can cause ulcers and bleeding in the
stomach.
+ Can cause acidity, nausea, vomiting,
diarrhoea, constipation, dizziness, rashes, and
headaches.
+ Boost blood pressure and can counteract the
effect of some blood pressure medicines.
+ May also cause cardiac failure.
+ Cause kidney problems.
AN ALTERNATIVE
+ Use a hot or cold compress, exercises,
physiotherapy or rest, as advised by your doctor
for relief from back or neck pain, headache or
bodyache, rather than take these drugs frequently.
COUGH SYRUPS
- These are medicines used to treat coughs and
are of two types. Those which are used for dry
coughs called cough suppressants or antitussives,
while those which help a cough with phlegm are
expectorants. Since a lot of
them are alcohol-based, people take it for getting
a high.
POTENTIAL SIDE-EFFECTS
+ A pounding heart or uneven heartbeat
+ Dryness in the mouth
+ Nausea, stomach pain, constipation
+ Dizziness, blurred vision, drowsiness
+ Ringing in the ears
+ Restlessness, confusion and a reduced
+ concentration.
AN ALTERNATIVE
+ Have honey with warm water to soothe a cough
or just sip plain water every few minutes, if your
throat is hoarse. See your doctor so that he can
advice you on treatment of the problem that is
causing the cough, rather than treating it with a
cough
syrup. Classified Specialist, ENT,for assistants.
Cough is a defence mechanism and your body
throws out the irritant or the infection through
the phlegm, which comes with it, so we advise not
to suppress it.
ANTIBIOTICS
- Antibiotics are drugs used to treat infections
caused by bacteria. Usually, our immune system
can fight bacteria and stop them from multiplying
enough to cause an infection. But, there are times
when our immunity is low and the body is unable
to control an infection. That is when you need
an antibiotic. The very fact that a competent
immune system can control many an infection
should be reason enough for people not to
consume antibiotics regularly and let their body
work in a natural way. Those who take antibiotics
unsupervised are mostly unaware of the proper
course of the medicine and have a tendency to
stop taking it as soon as they feel better. But if you
take an inadequate dose at irregular intervals for
an incomplete duration, the bacteria may become
resistant to the drug and the drug would become
ineffective for future use.
- Ciprofloxacin, which is commonly
administered without supervision, is a low-grade
anti-tubercular drug and can sometimes mask
tuberculosis, if taken by a patient.
POTENTIAL SIDE-EFFECTS
+ Allergic reactions like swelling of lips, face, and
tongue
+ Loose stools
+ Nausea, vomiting and dizziness
+ Inflammation of the large intestine [colitis]
especially in the elderly
+ Vaginal infection in women caused by
growth of fungus due to suppression of good
bacteria.
+ Certain antibiotics can reduce the
effectiveness of oral contraceptive pills.
AN ALTERNATIVE
- Let your doctor use his experience in
deciding which antibiotic you need, or
whether you really need one.
HOMOEOPATHIC REMEDIES
- Homoeopathy offers treatment solutions to
individuals based on their specific symptoms only.
A homoeopath keeps in mind the patient’s
psychology, habits, likes, dislikes, and
temperament, before prescribing a certain
medicine. This in itself leads to the importance of
correct instruction before consumption of a
medicine. Besides, these medicines are not bereft
of side-effects as commonly believed. Though they
are made from natural resources and their side-
effects may not be lethal, they may cause stomach
disorders, and palpitations, if taken injudiciously
for long. In fact, you may also have a medicinal
disease, that is experience signs and symptoms of
the medicine itself. Sometimes a certain medicine
may give mild relief and a person may go on taking
higher
strengths of the same for longer periods in
anticipation of complete treatment, not realising
that it is not the right treatment after all. This
causes side-effects, which may require medical
intervention. Hence, be sure of the symptoms of
the ailment and the scope and potency of the
medicine before administering it.

28/10/2020

Dr Belinda Herring, Virologist, WHOAFRO, speaks about the deployment & rollout of the new rapid diagnostic tests in . Rapid diagnostic tests are more efficient, affordable & easy to use & will be a game changer for testing & diagnostics in the Region.

28/10/2020

MENINGITIS
Meningitis is an inflammation of the
meninges ( membranes covering the
brain).
CAUSES
Bacterial: e.g. Streptococcus
pneumoniae, Haemophillus
influenzae, Mycobacterium
tuberculosis, Neisseria meningitidis
(meningococcal)
Viral: Herpes simplex and zoster,
mumps, measles, influenzae
Fungal: Cryptococcus neoformans
(commonly in severely
immunocompromised individuals)
Non infective causes include: Drugs
(NSAIDS, trimethoprim); Tumors
(lymphoma, leukemia and metastatic)
PRESENTATION:
- Headache and neck stiffness plus
any of the following associated
symptoms: irritability, light sensitivity
(photophobia), vomiting, fever,
malaise, fits, reduced BP with
increased pulse and breathing rates,
reduced levels of consciousness and
even coma.
- An associated rash suggests a
meningococcus infection which may
be fatal and contagious through
prolonged exposure to infected
individual (via saliva)
DIAGNOSIS:
Laboratory investigations of the
cerebrospinal fluid( CSF) obtained
through a lumber puncture may
show abnormalities in the glucose
and protein content as well as white
cell counts. Causative organisms can
be detected via microscopy smears,
culture or various staining and
reaction tests. The opening pressure
of CSF when performing a lumber
puncture may also help with
diagnosis.
Other tests include blood, urine and
stool tests and chest x-ray to trace
source of primary infection.
MANAGEMENT:
- Emperical broad spectrum antibiotics
as soon as meningitis is suspected
after collection of CSF and blood
samples. These are chosen based on
the most likely organisms while
awaiting lab confirmation.
- If suspecting pyogenic meningitis,
benzylpenicillin and cephalosporins
are used. Viral meningitis is usually
self limiting, only needing alleviation
of associated symptoms but aciclovir
may be used. Cryptococcus is treated
with amphotericin B and floconazole
while TB meningitis is treated with
antiTB drugs.
Prophylactic treatment may be
necessary for contacts of TB, and
meningococcus patients.
Asymptomatic cryptococcus patients
will require prophylaxis post
therapeutic treatment.
medical Clinic

27/10/2020

A nice one from Katoto on Immunization of infants and children against killer diseases and sleeping under mosquito nets against Malaria.

27/10/2020

FREE SURGERY FOR HERNIA
This November at Global Surgical initiatives ,Kyabirwa, Jinja

16/10/2020

16/10/2020