
09/29/2021
When you have eye pain or irritation, your first instinct may be to try a drugstore remedy. In most cases, your local pharmacy probably has an entire aisle dedicated to eye care. However, not all eye drops are created equal, and it can be confusing to know which ones are safe to use. Indeed, some drops may actually be harmful to the eyes when used improperly. Let's go over a few:
1) Artificial tears (e.g. Refresh, Systane, Theratears, Genteal, Retaine). These are the mainstay of dry eye treatment and safe and effective to use for most minor eye irritations. There are three main formulations, in increasing order of viscosity: tears, gel, and ointment. As a rule of thumb, tears should be used during the day, whereas gel and ointment are more suitable for nighttime use. Some tear formulations contain a preservative called benzalkonium chloride that can be irritating to the eyes when used in excess. If you are using more than 3-4 drops per day, switch to a preservative-free formula and seek the advice of an eye care professional.
2) Redness relievers (e.g. Visine, ClearEyes). These make the eyes appear whiter by temporally constricting the blood vessels on the surface of the eye. These are best used sparingly (think, as a quick remedy for red eyes on picture day!), if at all.
Long-term use can lead to a rebound effect, where eye redness can come back with a vengeance, even worse than before. If you suffer from chronically red eyes, it's best to see an eye doctor to diagnose and treat the underlying condition.
3) Anti-allergy eye drops (e.g. Zaditor, Pataday, Alaway, Opcon-A, Naphcon-A). The common ingredient in these drops is an anti-histamine, which helps to relieve redness and itching. Beware of eye drops in this category that add a "redness reliever" to the formulation, as they can cause problems similar to the standalone redness reliever drops.
As always, if over-the-counter remedies are not enough to keep your symptoms at bay, check in with your eye doctor for a detailed eye exam and, likely, a prescription treatment.