12/10/2025
Medicaid plays a critical role in supporting people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD)—and new KFF data highlights just how essential that coverage is.
IDD affects an estimated 8–16 million people in the U.S., many of whom rely on Medicaid for long-term services, specialized supports, and care that private insurance typically does not cover.
Here are a few key takeaways from KFF’s latest analysis:
🔹 Children make up 82% of nonelderly Medicaid enrollees with IDD.
EPSDT benefits ensure kids receive comprehensive screening, therapy, and treatment—care that often isn’t available through private coverage.
🔹 How people qualify differs widely by age.
68% of children with IDD qualify for Medicaid based on income alone, while 76% of adults qualify through disability pathways—processes that tend to be more complex and burdensome.
🔹 Home- and community-based services (HCBS) are the backbone of support.
Roughly 729,000 people under 65 with IDD use Medicaid long-term care, and almost all rely on home care, not institutions. These services include supported employment, therapies, caregiver support, assistive technology, and more.
🔹 Waiting lists are long—and growing.
People with IDD represent 73% of all HCBS waiver waiting lists, with over 521,000 individuals waiting for essential services like personal care, behavioral supports, and home modifications.
🔹 People with IDD have higher care needs and spending.
Medicaid spends 4x more per child and 7x more per adult with I/DD compared to those without IDD. This reflects higher rates of chronic conditions and greater reliance on long-term services.
At MapHabit, we see every day how critical consistent, individualized support is for people with IDD and their caregivers. Tools that promote independence, daily structure, and skill-building—like our visual step-by-step maps—become even more important as families navigate coverage complexities and service gaps.
Read the full KFF analysis here:
Among the estimated 8 million people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD), over three million have Medicaid coverage.