10/15/2025
First Aid for Altitude Illnesses When Help Is Delayed
Altitude illnesses occur when ascending to high elevations without proper acclimatization, leading to reduced oxygen levels. Common conditions include Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE), and High-Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE). Recognizing symptoms and administering prompt first aid is crucial, especially when professional medical help is not immediately available.
Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)
Symptoms:
• Headache
• Nausea
• Dizziness
• Fatigue
First Aid:
1. Rest at the current altitude; avoid further ascent until symptoms subside.
2. Hydrate by drinking plenty of water.
3. Medicate with pain relievers like ibuprofen for headaches.
High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE)
Symptoms:
• Shortness of breath, even at rest
• Persistent cough
• Chest tightness
• Blue or gray lips or fingernails
First Aid:
1. Descend to a lower altitude immediately, as this condition can be life-threatening.
2. Administer oxygen if available.
3. Keep the person warm and at rest.
High-Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE)
Symptoms:
• Severe headache
• Confusion
• Loss of coordination
• Hallucinations
First Aid:
1. Immediate descent is critical.
2. Administer oxygen if possible.
3. Keep the person warm and monitor their condition closely.
General Tips:
• Acclimatize gradually: Increase altitude slowly to allow your body to adjust.
• Stay hydrated: Drink sufficient water to prevent dehydration.
• Avoid alcohol and sedatives: These can exacerbate symptoms.
• Recognize early signs: Prompt action can prevent progression to more severe conditions.
In remote areas where medical assistance is delayed, taking these steps can be life-saving. Always prioritize descent and seek professional medical help as soon as possible.
